Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122984
S. Hemanth, D. Karmakar
{"title":"Influence of seabed topography on hydroelastic behavior of VLFS integrated with porous breakwater","authors":"S. Hemanth, D. Karmakar","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the effect of seabed topography on the hydroelastic behaviour of a Very Large Floating Structure (VLFS) integrated with porous floating breakwaters for inclined, irregular, stepped and irregular stepped seabed conditions. The real-world marine environments feature complex topographies that significantly influence wave-structure interactions. The integrated system combines a flexible VLFS with porous floating breakwaters designed to attenuate wave energy and mitigate structural responses. A coupled Multi-Domain Boundary Element Method (MDBEM) for fluid dynamics and the Finite Difference Method (FDM) for structural analysis is employed for the computation, allowing for accurate modelling of wave-structure-seabed interactions. The numerical model developed for the MDBEM-FDM approach is validated against established benchmark results available in the literature. The key parameters, such as seabed slope, seabed irregularity, breakwater porosity, and placement, are analysed to evaluate their impact on hydrodynamic forces, bending moments, and strain distributions. The numerical results indicate that irregular seabed can amplify localized bending stresses by up to 30 % compared to flat beds, while inclined seabed alters wave reflection patterns, intensifying asymmetric loads. However, porous breakwaters effectively reduce transmitted wave energy by 40–50 %, suppressing adverse hydroelastic responses. The study emphasizes the importance of considering seabed topography while designing VLFSs integrated breakwater. The presence of the breakwater helps in the reduction of the stresses brought on by uneven seabed conditions by strategically placing them and optimizing their porosity. The findings from the present study can contribute to the development of resilient VLFS systems in real-world marine environments, ensuring structural integrity under varying seabed conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 122984"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asymmetric convolution and multi-head self-attention based meta-transfer learning network for fault diagnosis of underwater thrusters under few-shot and multi-condition scenarios","authors":"Yunsai Chen , Rujia Yu , Zengkai Liu , Boyuan Huang , Dong Zhang , Qinghua Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous advancement of ocean resource exploration and exploitation, the reliable operation of underwater thrusters is crucial for operational safety, making their fault diagnosis capability a key factor in ensuring system effectiveness. However, most existing few-shot fault diagnosis methods are confined to single operating conditions, whereas underwater thrusters operate under multi-condition environments. This complexity causes identical faults to exhibit distinct characteristics across conditions, leading single-condition models to generalize poorly to new operating scenarios. To address this challenge of few-shot fault diagnosis under multi-operational conditions, this paper proposes a Meta-Transfer Learning Network with Asymmetric Convolution and Multi-Head Self-Attention (AC-MHSA-MTL) for underwater thrusters. Leveraging meta-learning's key advantages for few-shot adaptation, the method constructs a feature extraction network. Asymmetric convolution is introduced to overcome the scale limitation inherent in standard convolutional kernels, while multi-head self-attention is employed to bolster the model's ability to discern extended-range relationships in time-series signals. Furthermore, an optimized metric learner is designed to improve the flexibility of similarity assessment. After training, the feature extractor and metric learner are frozen and transferred to the target domain for accurate fault diagnosis in new operating conditions. Finally, the effectiveness is validated with a multi-condition underwater thruster fault dataset.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 123044"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123051
Zihao Liu, Peijun Yu, Zhaolin Wu, Zhongyi Zheng
{"title":"Buffer collision risk encounter identification based on incremental HDBSCAN clustering","authors":"Zihao Liu, Peijun Yu, Zhaolin Wu, Zhongyi Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the growing complexity of global maritime traffic, real-time monitoring of ship collision risks has become a critical task for ensuring maritime transportation safety. While existing research primarily focuses on collision risk assessment between ships, it still faces challenges in real-time identification of high-risk multi-ship encounter scenarios in complex waters. This paper proposed a buffer-based collision risk identification method using incremental HDBSCAN clustering, which aimed to monitor ship collision risks in real-time by introducing the concept of ship buffer zones and an incremental clustering mechanism. By modeling ships as dynamic moving areas and leveraging the HDBSCAN algorithm, the method adaptively identifies high-density and high-risk regions, while quantifying collision risk through the analytical calculation of <em>DCPA</em>, <em>TCPA</em>, and <em>SDOI</em> parameters. Experimental results reveal that the proposed method effectively captures high-risk ship clusters, demonstrates robustness in complex multi-ship encounter scenarios, and can be extended to support maritime surveillance and collision risk management. Therefore, this method offered a new technical approach for enhancing maritime traffic monitoring capabilities and optimizing risk management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 123051"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122869
Gongxing Wu, Fan Yang, Kai Li, Zijie Song
{"title":"Multi-period reference power dispatch in offshore wind farms considering fatigue damage values of main shafts: A greedy algorithm approach","authors":"Gongxing Wu, Fan Yang, Kai Li, Zijie Song","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As offshore wind turbines operate over time, they encounter cumulative fatigue damage, particularly in main shafts. This damage diminishes operational efficiency, reduces equipment lifespan, and adversely affects wind farm economic performance. To mitigate main shaft fatigue and satisfy grid power demands under variable wind conditions, this paper proposes a second-level scheduling-based reference power dispatch optimization framework with real-time fatigue awareness. First, a multiple regression model predicts main shaft torque; these predictions feed a real-time module integrating static and dynamic three-point rain-flow counting methods to assess fatigue damage. An optimization model is formulated and a greedy allocation algorithm designed to determine each turbine’s reference power dispatch scheme. Experimental results indicate the regression model achieves a 1.24 % average deviation between predicted and actual values, and cumulative static fatigue damage differs by 0.59 %. In a simulation of 100 turbines over 100 seconds, fatigue damage is reduced by 93.14 % compared to traditional average-dispatch methods, with an average computation time of 292.36 ms, demonstrating the framework’s feasibility and efficiency while satisfying real-time second-level scheduling requirements. This study provides new insights and practical solutions for effectively reducing fatigue damage in main shafts, lowering operation and maintenance costs and can extend to other components of wind turbine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 122869"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122902
Duc Cuong Vu , Son Tran , Tung Lam Nguyen, Duc Chinh Hoang
{"title":"Glocal trajectory generation and tracking control for autonomous underwater vehicles with optimal coverage sensor networks","authors":"Duc Cuong Vu , Son Tran , Tung Lam Nguyen, Duc Chinh Hoang","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comprehensive framework for glocal trajectory generation with real-time tracking control for a group of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) equipped with distributed sensors. A two-stage approach is proposed to maximize the underwater area coverage of sensor systems while ensuring network connectivity between AUVs and free collision with terrains and floating obstacles. At the global level, a heuristic algorithm named Global Trajectory to Maximize Coverage (GT-MC) is introduced, which generate trajectory to optimize the final AUVs distribution. After that, the trajectory is further optimized to produce the final set of waypoints for the AUVs group. At the local level, a safety-critical trajectory generation method is developed by using a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme for a virtual AUV system with Control Barrier Functions (CBF) as constraints for floating obstacle avoidance. Then, the generated trajectories are tracked by the actual AUVs using a base controller, in this case a classical Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) combined with a thruster force allocation optimizer. The complete framework is validated via simulation studies using an open-source advanced physics tool called MuJoCo. The suggested methodology can facilitate the autonomy, scalability, and safety of sensor-AUVs distribution missions, making it a promising tool for intelligent marine sensing and monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 122902"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122718
Lorenzo Berté , Diego Villa , Michele Viviani , Giorgio Mazzarello , Francesco Carmone , Benedetto Piaggio
{"title":"A 6-DOF submarine manoeuvrability prediction code - Part I: Development and validation","authors":"Lorenzo Berté , Diego Villa , Michele Viviani , Giorgio Mazzarello , Francesco Carmone , Benedetto Piaggio","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A software that accurately predicts submarine manoeuvring behaviour is essential for hull, sail and control surfaces design. In this context, the availability of a reliable 6-DOF parametric, modular, and robust model is highly advantageous at early design-stage. The here presented mathematical model is based on strip theory for calculating the linear forces on the bare hull, combined with non-linear cross-flow drag forces. The contribution of control surfaces and the sail are evaluated using a formulation derived from experiments and literature data, allowing to consider the specific geometry of the exposed surfaces and the hull sections on which they are mounted, thus including all mutual interaction effects between the various components, such as the body-wing and wing-body. In this first part of work a comparison between the results of the manoeuvring code and experimental data or other data available in literature is presented, demonstrating satisfactory reliability and robustness with a view to estimating stability and controllability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 122718"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122896
Mohammad Mehdi Hoseini Karani , Mohammad Reza Nikoo , Houshang Dolatshahi Pirooz , Saleh Al-Saadi , Amir H. Gandomi , Amir Hossein Parsaeian
{"title":"A robust deep learning framework for rapid hydrodynamic analysis and design of multi-Salter's duck wave energy farms","authors":"Mohammad Mehdi Hoseini Karani , Mohammad Reza Nikoo , Houshang Dolatshahi Pirooz , Saleh Al-Saadi , Amir H. Gandomi , Amir Hossein Parsaeian","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ocean wave energy offers substantial potential for sustainable power generation, but designing efficient wave energy converter (WEC) farms faces high computational costs from complex hydrodynamic simulations. This study presents a novel deep learning-based surrogate modeling framework to accelerate the analysis and design of multi-Salter's duck WEC arrays. It decomposes hydrodynamic response prediction into two stages: first, estimating individual multi-Salter's duck unit dynamics, then predicting interaction effects between neighboring units. Specialized deep learning architectures for each stage were optimized via neural architecture search (NAS) and trained on a comprehensive dataset spanning diverse design parameters, array configurations, and environmental conditions. Against nine tuned benchmarks, our framework achieved a 19.3 % reduction in mean absolute error (MAE) for individual unit dynamics and a 62.5 % MAE reduction for interaction effects compared to the best-performing benchmarks. A case study using realistic wave climates from southeast Australia validated the model's accuracy in predicting annual average power absorption and interaction factors, while drastically reducing computational time relative to traditional numerical methods. This efficient and accurate surrogate model enables optimized co-design and advances the feasibility of large-scale wave energy deployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 122896"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122964
ChengXiang Song, XiaoWei Tang, Kaiwei Wang, Minghao Li
{"title":"Numerical study of cyclic response of suction bucket interfaces using a three-dimensional critical state model","authors":"ChengXiang Song, XiaoWei Tang, Kaiwei Wang, Minghao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although many numerical studies have examined the response of suction buckets under cyclic compressive loading, most have concentrated on the cyclic behavior of the seabed soil. In contrast, the cyclic behavior of the interface between the suction bucket and the seabed has often been overlooked. To fill this gap, this study conducts a numerical analysis of the dynamic response of suction buckets embedded in sand seabed under cyclic loading. A state-dependent two-surface plasticity model based on critical state theory was integrated into a finite element framework. To address the limitations of conventional thin-layer and zero-thickness elements, a geometry-independent thin-layer element is developed, which avoids explicit thickness modeling while capturing volumetric and cyclic interface behavior. The seabed was modeled using a cyclic elastoplastic soil model. The numerical approach was validated against laboratory element and model tests. The cyclic response of suction buckets under compressive loading was examined considering interface roughness and seabed relative density. Lid resistance was found to dominate the total resistance, with increased roughness reducing settlement, while loose seabeds led to much larger settlements than dense ones. The perfectly elastoplastic interface model underestimated settlement and weakened the influence of roughness on resistance evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 122964"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123032
Xixian Zhou, Yang Guo, Yinghui Li
{"title":"Nonlinear dynamics of pipes composed of Neo-Hookean hyperelastic material conveying fluid within a uniform external cross flow","authors":"Xixian Zhou, Yang Guo, Yinghui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study establishes the vibration equation for hyperelastic pipes conveying fluid, particularly focusing on scenarios where vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs) occur, incorporating both von Kármán geometric nonlinearity and Neo-Hookean hyperelastic constitutive model. In modelling procedure, slender pipe is represented as Euler-Bernoulli beam with simply supported ends. To resolve the governing equations of hyperelastic pipes, Galerkin's method together with direct numerical integration are utilized. Appropriate Galerkin's truncation number is determined through calculations, which validates the correctness of the computational approach adopted in this paper. Furthermore, this study examines the impact of various nonlinear terms induced by geometric and material nonlinearities on VIVs responses of pipes. Variations in dynamic behaviors of hyperelastic pipes under various parameters, specifically differing hyperelastic parameters and internal fluid velocities are thoroughly analyzed. Results demonstrate that a rise in internal fluid velocity significantly enhances the nonlinear characteristics exhibited by the pipe and advances the jumping phenomena. Conversely, an increase in hyperelastic parameters delays the onset of jumping phenomena. Notably, a comparative analysis between Neo-Hookean hyperelastic model and linearelastic model on dynamic response is performed, revealing that hyperelastic pipes tend to slightly advance the occurrence of jumping phenomena.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 123032"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean EngineeringPub Date : 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123030
Fengyan Shi , Yong Hu , Chaoyan Huang , Yijie Cai
{"title":"A self-adaptive dynamic-adjustment springback compensation algorithm for single-stamping forming of double-curved hull plates based on neural network","authors":"Fengyan Shi , Yong Hu , Chaoyan Huang , Yijie Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Springback compensation of double-curved hull plates faces challenges of low accuracy and high difficulty, often requiring multiple stamping operations to approximate the target surface. This work proposes a new self-adaptive dynamic-adjustment springback compensation algorithm for double-curved hull plates. Unlike the traditional step-by-step approximation approach, this algorithm enables single-stamping compensation. Additionally, a springback ratio prediction method based on Bayesian optimization (BO) and Backpropagation (BP) neural network is proposed to enhance the performance of the compensation algorithm. The compensation algorithm dynamically adjusts the compensation surface according to the springback ratios predicted by the BP neural network, automatically calculates the error between the target surface and the surface after springback based on the compensation surface (compensated springback surface), and finally provides a compensation surface that meets the error requirements. The finite element (FE) simulation and experimental validation for the single-stamping forming of double-curved hull plates have been conducted. The results demonstrate that the springback ratio prediction method proposed exhibits relatively high accuracy, offering more reliable springback predictions for the compensation algorithm. When compared with an existing method, the new springback compensation algorithm demonstrates superior accuracy in single-stamping forming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19403,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Engineering","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 123030"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145204399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}