Neuroscience and Medicine最新文献_第2页

A Cardiac Surgical Perspective on Hypothermia for Protection of Neural Tissues 心脏外科对低温保护神经组织的看法

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/nm.2022.134014

J. Elefteriades, John Simmons, B. Ziganshin

引用次数: 0

Cognitive Neurobiology of Consciousness and Memory during Anesthesia Awareness—Scientific Possibilities and Clinical Implications 麻醉过程中意识和记忆的认知神经生物学——科学的可能性和临床意义

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/nm.2022.133012

Berenika Maciejewicz

{"title":"Cognitive Neurobiology of Consciousness and Memory during Anesthesia Awareness—Scientific Possibilities and Clinical Implications","authors":"Berenika Maciejewicz","doi":"10.4236/nm.2022.133012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/nm.2022.133012","url":null,"abstract":"The condition of pharmacologically induced unconsciousness that renders a patient unresponsive to uncomfortable surgical stimuli is known as general anesthesia. When it is used for surgery, a fairly rare but traumatizing state known as anesthesia awareness might develop. What is the probability that a patient can be awake, conscious, and able to hear the surroundings and experience excruciating pain but be immobilized to communicate it during surgery? According to estimates, there are 1 to 2 cases for every 1000 patients who experience this phenomenon and retain various sensory information after general anesthesia was applied. Even with seemingly effective anesthetic care, emerging consciousness states during anesthesia are reported and often come with various degrees of memory loss mechanisms. Some researchers and the experiments covered in this paper suggest anesthesia is merely a memory loss or poorly understood neurological form of amnesia induced during the event itself and not a loss of consciousness per se during the traumatic event, as suggested by studies described in this article. In some instances, the agony may be unbearable, with long-term neuropsychiatric effects such as post-traumatic stress disorder. Although the neurobiological phenomenon of consciousness regained during anesthesia is still poorly understood, these continuously reported events carry significant medical and legal ramifications. The numerous contributing elements that may increase the risk of intraoperative raised levels of consciousness are gathered, analyzed, and discussed in this research study. Preventive methods for both preinduction and intraoperative usage, as well as corrective actions to take after such occurrences, are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74252893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medicinal Plants Used in Management of Various Mental Illnesses in Goma City, Democratic Republic of Congo 刚果民主共和国戈马市用于管理各种精神疾病的药用植物

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/nm.2022.131002

Samuel Kule Kyolo, E. Katuura, G. Bbosa, N. Mwebaza, Z. Kibendelwa, N. Nakasujja

{"title":"Medicinal Plants Used in Management of Various Mental Illnesses in Goma City, Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Samuel Kule Kyolo, E. Katuura, G. Bbosa, N. Mwebaza, Z. Kibendelwa, N. Nakasujja","doi":"10.4236/nm.2022.131002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/nm.2022.131002","url":null,"abstract":"Many mentally ill people in Goma city, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), seek treatment from Traditional Health Practitioners (THPs) that utilize medicinal plants (MPs) in management of various ailments. The study aimed to document the MPs used locally to manage mental illnesses (MIs). An in-depth ethnobotanical survey including 43 respondents selected using snow ball method and interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires was conducted in Goma city, in DRC, from May to September 2021. Voucher specimens were collected from the study area and identified at Makerere University Herbarium (MHU). Data were analyzed using ethnobotanical parameters, frequency index, Rahman’s similarity index (RSI) and non-parametric tests as well as Spearman correlation coefficient. A total of 30 plant species, represented amongst 29 genera and 19 families were reportedly used to treat MIs. Of these 63.33% were reported for anxiety, 36.67% for psychosis and 30% for depression. Most abundant taxa were reported for three families including Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Solanaceae. Among MPs used in Goma city, the two priority plant species for anxiety were Euphorbia abyssinica and Cleome gynandra L. While, the two priority plant species for depression were Conyza sumatrensis and Emilia coccinea. High similarity (RSI = 77.42%) was observed in the use of common species for MIs between THPs from both Goma and Karisimbi communes. Results prove that local people of Goma city use MPs species against MIs that could be further studied for pharmacological","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80463367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Botulinum Toxin Type A Satisfaction in Different Neurological Disorders A型肉毒毒素对不同神经系统疾病的影响

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/nm.2022.131001

J. Al-Hashel, D. Soliman, I. Ismail, S. Ahmed

引用次数: 0

Creutzfeldt Jacob’s Disease: A Senegalese Observation 克雅氏病:塞内加尔观察

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/nm.2022.131003

A. Mbodji, A. Diop, M. Ndiaye, Serigne Saliou Mbacké, Khalifa Ababacar Mbaye, R. Diagne, I. Niang, N. Gaye, M. Fall, A. Sow, A. Basse, L. Seck, M. Ndiaye, A. Diop

引用次数: 0

Association of SCN1A Mutations with Epilepsy among Sudanese Patients 苏丹患者中SCN1A突变与癫痫的关系

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.4236/nm.2021.123008

S. Mohamed, Sawsan A. H. Aldeaf, Rasha Elhassan, Abasshar Hussein, Alsadig Gassoum, A. Abdrabo

{"title":"Association of SCN1A Mutations with Epilepsy among Sudanese Patients","authors":"S. Mohamed, Sawsan A. H. Aldeaf, Rasha Elhassan, Abasshar Hussein, Alsadig Gassoum, A. Abdrabo","doi":"10.4236/nm.2021.123008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/nm.2021.123008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Genetics research of humans has established that a genetic basis contributes to the susceptibility to epilepsy for a majority of the cases. Although many epilepsies are secondary to injury or another illness, approximately 40% are idiopathic, meaning that the original cause is unknown. It is presumed that most idiopathic epilepsies result from genetic abnormalities, with the majority likely caused by mutations in multiple currently unidentified genes. However, research has revealed a growing number of single-gene mutations that cause epilepsy. Objective: To detect some of the genetic mutations which may cause idiopathic epilepsy. Methods: The current study is a cross-sectional study that had been performed at Sheikh Mohamed Khair center, Banat, Omdurman, and National Centre for Neurological Sciences (NCNS) Khartoum state, during the period 2016 to 2019. Ninety-nine participants were enrolled in this study. Demographic data were collected in a predesigned questionnaire blood samples were analyzed for biochemical and molecular tests. Results: Ninety-nine patients diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy were recruited in this study. The most affected age group was 18 - 40 years accounted for 55% of patients. Females were the majority with 53%. Fifty percent of the patients had the first seizure at age less than 5 years. Ninety percent of the patients have no Family history with epilepsy. All sequenced samples showed genetic mutations, deletion mutation was detected in 71% of the samples. Bioinformatics tools detected a frameshift mutation in the chain of the amino acids. Conclusion: The current study detected deletion mutations in SCN1A gene (frameshift) can cause epilepsy by changing some amino acids with residues that can affect neuronal stability indirectly.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82616525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of Post-Rehabilitation Neuropsychological Profile of a Patient with Susac Syndrome—A Case Report 1例Susac综合征患者康复后神经心理特征的比较分析

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.4236/nm.2021.123007

Jimmy Zúñiga-Márquez, Nataly Gutiérrez-Ávila, P. Quintero-Cusguen, José Traslaviña-Sierra, Leidy Salazar-Tapiero, Lady Carrillo-Alba, Lina Caquimbo-Salazar, Claudia Murillo-Espinosa, Michel Hernández

引用次数: 0

Case Report: Dual Antiplatelet in Capsular Warning Syndrome 病例报告:双抗血小板包膜预警综合征

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.4236/NM.2021.122005

A. Ibrahim, A. Firdaus, A. Payus, A. Khan, Liyanatul Najwa, H. Basri, M. Fandi

引用次数: 1

A New Point of Consideration for the Definition of Minor Ischemic Stroke: Review 对轻度缺血性脑卒中定义的新认识:综述

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2021-03-26 DOI: 10.4236/NM.2021.121004

A. P. Fernandes, S. Jaiswal, F. Yan

{"title":"A New Point of Consideration for the Definition of Minor Ischemic Stroke: Review","authors":"A. P. Fernandes, S. Jaiswal, F. Yan","doi":"10.4236/NM.2021.121004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2021.121004","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke is the second highest cause of death globally and a leading cause of not only physical disability but also cognitive. Approximately two-thirds of Ischemic Stroke patients, who represent the most common type of stroke are found to have mild deficits. Minor stroke, sometimes also referred to as “mild stroke”, is often defined in research studies as a National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 5 or less, although, the cut point for NIHSS score or standardized criterion to define minor stroke has not been established. In the past, many studies have been focusing on the definition of the minor stroke to better stabilize the acute treatment guidelines, to predict the functional outcome, and also for early risk factors stratification. Different studies use different criteria or different cut-points of NIHSS scores to define minor stroke. Aside from indecision of acute management of minor stroke, many other questions have been raised regarding minor strokes, for example, the interaction of large vessel occlusion with minor stroke, the prevalence rate of depression, anxiety, cognitive dysfunction, chronic head after minor stroke, and so on. Finding a universal definition for minor stroke is the key to establish the guideline for management for this group of patients. However, the guidance of treatment of minor stroke is not the focus of this review. The review will focus on the deep comprehension of minor stroke characteristics, summarizing the new findings related to minor stroke, and highlight the essential points to consider for characterizing mild stroke symptoms for a new direction guide for future studies.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":"44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75759989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relation between Carotid Artery Plaques Characteristics as a Predictor of Haemodynamics Changes after Carotid Artery Stenting 颈动脉斑块特征与颈动脉支架植入术后血流动力学变化的关系

Neuroscience and Medicine Pub Date : 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.4236/NM.2021.121002

Hany Mahmoud Zaki ei-Dine, M. Elewa, Tamer Roushdy, O. Hashim, M. H. Ibrahim

{"title":"Relation between Carotid Artery Plaques Characteristics as a Predictor of Haemodynamics Changes after Carotid Artery Stenting","authors":"Hany Mahmoud Zaki ei-Dine, M. Elewa, Tamer Roushdy, O. Hashim, M. H. Ibrahim","doi":"10.4236/NM.2021.121002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2021.121002","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To study relationship between carotid artery plaques characteristics and haemodynamic changes after carotid stenting. Patients and Methods: This observational prospective (pilot) study included 20 patients—who underwent CAS. The study was carried out in Ain shams university hospitals—Railway hospital (ERMED) and Suez insurance hospital from December 2018 to February 2020. Inclusion criteria, Symptomatic (defined as amaurosis fugax, TIA, Minor stroke or Major stroke) stenosis > 70%. Asymptomatic stenosis > 80% (accidentally discovered during pre-operative assessment for CABG and during full assessment for irrelevant stroke). Results: Regarding to plaque character for degree of stenosis, calcification and ulceration revealed significantly higher degree of stenosis in hemodynamic events group (P = 0.024). On the other hand, that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups as regard calcification, ulceration and lesion location. Conclusion: The study revealed that HI is a common occurrence following CAS procedures and significantly higher degree of stenosis in hemodynamic events group. Plaque shape, ulcerations hardly affect haeodynamic instability after carotid stenting.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":"12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73033572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0