North American journal of medicine & science最新文献_第9页

CD5-positive, Small B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Aberrant Findings of CLL/SLL and MCL cd5阳性，小b细胞淋巴增生性疾病:CLL/SLL和MCL的异常发现

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-10-31 DOI: 10.7156/V3I4P181

Youjun Hu, M. Golightly

引用次数: 1

A New Connection: Myeloid Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Cardiovascular Disease 髓系矿物皮质激素受体与心血管疾病的新联系

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-10-31 DOI: 10.7156/V3I4P167

S. Duan, R. Mortensen

{"title":"A New Connection: Myeloid Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"S. Duan, R. Mortensen","doi":"10.7156/V3I4P167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7156/V3I4P167","url":null,"abstract":"Mineralocorticoid Receptor (MR) is a classic steroid hormone receptor. Its traditional role is to mediate aldosterone to control electrolyte homeostasis and blood pressure via renin-angiotensin system. Besides aldosterone, MR can also bind to glucocorticoids. In aldosterone sensitive tissues such as kidney, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11βHSD2) inactivates glucocorticoids and makes MR binding to aldosterone possible. In tissues lack 11βHSD2, MR is presumably occupied by glucocorticoids. The functions of MR in these tissues are largely unknown. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study (RALES) and Eplerenone Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study (EPHESUS) successfully demonstrated cardiovascular benefits of blocking MR with antagonists. However, the mechanisms have not been clearly delineated. Macrophage polarization, a phenotype that macrophages polarize to distinct functional states such as classically activation and alternatively activation, has emerged as an important control element in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Recent studies have shown that MR controls macrophage polarization and that deletion of MR in myeloid cells protects cardiac and vascular damages under pathological stress. These studies present a great opportunity for developing new antagonists to target myeloid MR specifically in order to improve specificity and effectiveness of this class of drug in CVD.","PeriodicalId":19338,"journal":{"name":"North American journal of medicine & science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89012189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Oncocytoma of the Parotid Gland and its Mimickers: A Comprehensive Review 腮腺嗜瘤细胞瘤及其拟态细胞:综述

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-10-31 DOI: 10.7156/V3I4P171

S. Prabakaran, Frank Chen, A. Aguirre

引用次数: 22

Characterization of Lung Cancer: A 10-Year Experience from a Tertiary Hospital in Yaounde, Cameroon 肺癌的特征:喀麦隆雅温得一家三级医院的10年经验

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-10-31 DOI: 10.7156/V3I4P208

E. Bell, P. Ndom, Albertine Eloundou, Germaine Um, G. E. Orock, A. Doh, D. Huo

{"title":"Characterization of Lung Cancer: A 10-Year Experience from a Tertiary Hospital in Yaounde, Cameroon","authors":"E. Bell, P. Ndom, Albertine Eloundou, Germaine Um, G. E. Orock, A. Doh, D. Huo","doi":"10.7156/V3I4P208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7156/V3I4P208","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence rate of lung cancer in Africa is low. However, there are few studies reporting clinical characteristics of lung cancer in African countries. We did a study of lung cancer at the Medical Oncology Service of the Yaounde General Hospital, Cameroon, from January 1998 to December 2007. Out of the 2,355 cancer patients seen at this hospital over a 10-year period, 48 patients (28 men and 20 women) were diagnosed with lung cancer. The average age (SD) of patients was 53 (13) years and ranged from 25 to 80 years. Seven patients were cigarette smokers. The median duration from initial symptoms to visiting doctors was 5 months (interquartile range: 3-11 months). The most common histology types were squamous cell carcinomas (31, 65%), followed by adenocarcinomas (8, 17%), large cell carcinomas (4, 8%), small cell carcinomas (4, 8%), and fibrosarcoma (1, 2%). Of the 19 patients with stage classification, 8 had stage IV and 11 had stage III disease. Only 14 patients reported having received treatment, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or surgery. In conclusion, lung cancer was uncommon in Yaounde, Cameroon, but most of patients presented with advanced stage due to long delay in seeking diagnosis. Less than half of the patients received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery.","PeriodicalId":19338,"journal":{"name":"North American journal of medicine & science","volume":"158 1","pages":"208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82916656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasma Amyloid-β Peptides and Homocysteine in Depression in the Homebound Elderly. 血浆淀粉样蛋白-β肽和同型半胱氨酸在居家老年人抑郁症中的作用。

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-04-30 DOI: 10.7156/V3I1P061

W. Qiu, Xiaoyan Sun, D. M. Mwamburi, Jacqueline Haker, David K. Lisle, A. Rizal, Yu-Min Lin, L. Qiao, P. Summergrad, M. Folstein, I. Rosenberg

{"title":"Plasma Amyloid-β Peptides and Homocysteine in Depression in the Homebound Elderly.","authors":"W. Qiu, Xiaoyan Sun, D. M. Mwamburi, Jacqueline Haker, David K. Lisle, A. Rizal, Yu-Min Lin, L. Qiao, P. Summergrad, M. Folstein, I. Rosenberg","doi":"10.7156/V3I1P061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7156/V3I1P061","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000Both plasma amyloid-β peptide 40 (Aβ40) and homocysteine (tHcy) are linked to vascular disease, which is related to depression in the elderly. We sought to study whether the relationship between tHcy and plasma Aβ40 differs in those with and without depression.\u0000\u0000\u0000STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS\u0000In a cross-sectional study of 1058 homebound elders, vascular depression was defined as a score ≥ 16 on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) along with self-reported cardiovascular disease (CVD). Plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42, and serum tHcy and creatinine were measured.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Elders with high tHcy had higher concentrations of plasma Aβ40 (median: 147.5 vs. 123.1 pg/ml, P < 0.0001) and Aβ42 (median: 20.2 vs. 16.6 pg/ml, P < 0.0001) than those with low tHcy. In elders with depression, the relationship between logarithm of plasma Aβ40 (LogAβ40), but not LogAβ42, and tHcy was significant (β = +0.010, SE = 0.004, P = 0.007); in contrast, this relationship was not observed in those without depression. Subjects with vascular depression had the highest concentration of tHcy (mean ± SD: 12.8 ± 4.6 vs. 11.7 ± 4.5 vs. 11.9 + 5.5, P = 0.008) compared to those without CVD and those without depression. Depressed subjects without CVD had the lowest concentration of plasma Aβ42 (median: 15.5 vs. 19.1 vs. 18.7, P = 0.01) compared to those with CVD and those without depression.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Vascular depression, which is associated with tHcy and Aβ40 in blood, appears to be different from depression that is associated with low plasma Aβ42. This suggests that reducing tHcy and Aβ40 may be an adjunct treatment for vascular depression.","PeriodicalId":19338,"journal":{"name":"North American journal of medicine & science","volume":"07 1","pages":"61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86021788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Plasma Amyloid-β Peptides and Homocysteine in Depression in the Homebound Elderly. 居家老人抑郁症中的血浆淀粉样蛋白-β肽和同型半胱氨酸。

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-04-01

Wei Qiao Qiu, Xiaoyan Sun, D Mkaya Mwamburi, Jacqueline Haker, David Lisle, Abishek Rizal, Yu-Min Lin, Liyan Qiao, Paul Summergrad, Marshal Folstein, Irwin Rosenberg

{"title":"Plasma Amyloid-β Peptides and Homocysteine in Depression in the Homebound Elderly.","authors":"Wei Qiao Qiu, Xiaoyan Sun, D Mkaya Mwamburi, Jacqueline Haker, David Lisle, Abishek Rizal, Yu-Min Lin, Liyan Qiao, Paul Summergrad, Marshal Folstein, Irwin Rosenberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Both plasma amyloid-β peptide 40 (Aβ40) and homocysteine (tHcy) are linked to vascular disease, which is related to depression in the elderly. We sought to study whether the relationship between tHcy and plasma Aβ40 differs in those with and without depression.Study design and methods: In a cross-sectional study of 1058 homebound elders, vascular depression was defined as a score ≥ 16 on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) along with self-reported cardiovascular disease (CVD). Plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42, and serum tHcy and creatinine were measured.Results: Elders with high tHcy had higher concentrations of plasma Aβ40 (median: 147.5 vs. 123.1 pg/ml, P < 0.0001) and Aβ42 (median: 20.2 vs. 16.6 pg/ml, P < 0.0001) than those with low tHcy. In elders with depression, the relationship between logarithm of plasma Aβ40 (LogAβ40), but not LogAβ42, and tHcy was significant (β = +0.010, SE = 0.004, P = 0.007); in contrast, this relationship was not observed in those without depression. Subjects with vascular depression had the highest concentration of tHcy (mean ± SD: 12.8 ± 4.6 vs. 11.7 ± 4.5 vs. 11.9 + 5.5, P = 0.008) compared to those without CVD and those without depression. Depressed subjects without CVD had the lowest concentration of plasma Aβ42 (median: 15.5 vs. 19.1 vs. 18.7, P = 0.01) compared to those with CVD and those without depression.Conclusions: Vascular depression, which is associated with tHcy and Aβ40 in blood, appears to be different from depression that is associated with low plasma Aβ42. This suggests that reducing tHcy and Aβ40 may be an adjunct treatment for vascular depression.","PeriodicalId":19338,"journal":{"name":"North American journal of medicine & science","volume":"3 2","pages":"61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678954/pdf/nihms314820.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31507060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genomic Instability Induced By Human Papillomavirus Oncogenes. 人乳头瘤病毒致癌基因诱导的基因组不稳定性。

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.7156/v3i2p043

Jason J Chen

{"title":"Genomic Instability Induced By Human Papillomavirus Oncogenes.","authors":"Jason J Chen","doi":"10.7156/v3i2p043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7156/v3i2p043","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is necessary but not sufficient for the development of cervical cancer. Genomic instability caused by HPV allows cells to acquire additional mutations required for malignant transformation. Genomic instability in the form of polyploidy has been implicated in a causal role in cervical carcinogenesis. Polyploidy not only occurs as an early event during cervical carcinogenesis but also predisposes cervical cells to aneuploidy, an important hallmark of human cancers. Cell cycle progression is regulated at several checkpoints whose defects contribute to genomic instability.The high-risk HPVs encode two oncogenes, E6 and E7, which are essential for cellular transformation in HPV-positive cells. The ability of high-risk HPV E6 and E7 protein to promote the degradation of p53 and pRb, respectively, has been suggested as a mechanism by which HPV oncogenes induce cellular transformation. E6 and E7 abrogate cell cycle checkpoints and induce genomic instability that leads to malignant conversion.Although the prophylactic HPV vaccine has recently become available, it will not be effective for immunosuppressed individuals or those who are already infected. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis for HPV-associated cancers is still clinically relevant. Studies on genomic instability will shed light on mechanisms by which HPV induces cancer and hold promise for the identification of targets for drug development.","PeriodicalId":19338,"journal":{"name":"North American journal of medicine & science","volume":"3 2","pages":"43-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3106442/pdf/nihms211489.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30217244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

An Aggressive Psammomatoid Ossifying Fibroma Presenting as a Sphenoethmoidal Mass 侵袭性沙瘤样骨化纤维瘤表现为蝶筛肿块

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-01-31 DOI: 10.7156/V3I1P024

N. Nwizu, M. George, Frank Chen

引用次数: 8

Diagnostic Challenges of Benign Fibro-Osseous Lesions and Psammomatous Meningiomas of the Craniofacial Region: A Comparative Review of their Clinico-pathological Features 颅面区良性纤维骨性病变和沙质脑膜瘤的诊断挑战:临床病理特征的比较回顾

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-01-31 DOI: 10.7156/V3I1P017

Bds MMSc Ngozi N. Nwizu, Dds Ms Alfredo Aguirre, Frank Chen

引用次数: 12

Physician Frustrations and the ‘Economics’ of Growth Hormone Therapy Prior-Authorization Requests and Their Denial by Insurance Payers 医生的挫折和“经济学”的生长激素治疗事先授权请求和他们的拒绝保险支付者

North American journal of medicine & science Pub Date : 2010-01-31 DOI: 10.7156/V3I1P036

S. Mustafa-Kutana, Chb

{"title":"Physician Frustrations and the ‘Economics’ of Growth Hormone Therapy Prior-Authorization Requests and Their Denial by Insurance Payers","authors":"S. Mustafa-Kutana, Chb","doi":"10.7156/V3I1P036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7156/V3I1P036","url":null,"abstract":"Growth hormone has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating short children with growth failure due to a variety of causes, including growth hormone deficiency (GHD), Turner Syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndrome, idiopathic short stature (ISS), chronic renal insufficiency and children born small for gestational age (SGA) with inadequate growth by their second birthday. Children with GHD tend to be the largest proportion of short children with growth failure. Growth hormone has a very short half-life in serum with a pulsatile pattern of release, like most pituitary hormones. A random blood draw for growth hormone is thus impractical as a means of diagnosing GHD. The diagnosis of GHD must be established usually by performing a growth hormone stimulation test. This is done by ‘provocation’ with pharmacological agents that cause the anterior pituitary to release stored growth hormone. The conventional cut off for diagnosing GHD under testing conditions is currently 5 micrograms/dL for adults and 10 micrograms/dL for children. Generally, growing children secrete higher levels of growth hormone than do adults, and thus would have higher serum levels under physiological conditions. Endocrinologists utilize various agents for the provocative tests; these include arginine, levodopa, clonidine, glucagon and insulin. Insulin is considered the ‘gold standard’ for growth hormone provocation tests though it is the least utilized, because of the associated danger of hypoglycemia and the need for the presence of qualified staff throughout the testing procedure to monitor and prevent such a complication.","PeriodicalId":19338,"journal":{"name":"North American journal of medicine & science","volume":"46 1","pages":"036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78843892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0