Global Health Economics and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Homebound elderly with dementia and their family caregivers: Examining the situation in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Japan before COVID-19","authors":"Keiko Matsumoto, Misae Ito, Daphne Sze-Ki Cheung, Siok Bee Tan, Shimpei Hayashi, Masafumi Kirino","doi":"10.36922/ghes.1954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.1954","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to clarify the status of problematic behaviors among elderly patients with dementia at home and the associated burden on their family caregivers in Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore immediately before the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 563 family caregivers of elderly patients with dementia living at home in these three regions. Information regarding their demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, education level, income, marital status, and family status, was obtained. The Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist, a 24-item scale for assessing problem behaviors, and the Zarit Burden Interview, a 22-item scale for measuring caregiver burden, were used alongside other relevant scales. The findings indicated that the majority of family caregivers were female and in their 60s across all three regions, while elderly patients with dementia were mostly female and living alone in their 80s. In addition, a significant proportion of these patients had comorbidities such as diabetes and other health conditions. In Japan, although the patients exhibited relatively intact physical function and a low degree of dementia, the caregivers experienced high-stress levels. The demographic profiles of family caregivers of elderly patients with dementia at home in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Japan were remarkably similar, particularly in terms of age and gender distribution. Furthermore, marital and employment statuses were comparable between Hong Kong and Singapore. While the previous studies have taken a broad view of Asia, focusing on Hong Kong, Singapore, and Japan in particular has facilitated the identification of clues for developing targeted countermeasures.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140397960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of health expenditure on poverty in low- and middle-income countries: An autoregressive distributed lag bounds approach","authors":"Fawzia Mohammed Idris, Mehdi Seraj, Huseyin Ozdeser","doi":"10.36922/ghes.2383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2383","url":null,"abstract":"The high costs of complex and numerous medical services, coupled with various diseases and epidemics, result in a substantial financial burden for individuals. The previous studies have focused on extending health financing and access to health services. However, it is crucial to use resources effectively to avoid impoverishment. This study investigates the relationship between poverty rates and health-care expenditure in low- and middle-income countries from 2000 to 2018 by employing the error correction model and autoregressive distributed lag models to identify the long- and short-run relationships and adjustment speed toward equilibrium. The results demonstrate a significant positive relationship between poverty and healthcare expenditure in both the long and short terms. The significant ECT result implies a relatively slow adjustment speed toward equilibrium, indicating that deviations from the equilibrium level take almost 5 years to rectify. These results emphasize the importance of policymakers judiciously weighing the opportunity costs associated with health-care management goals. While extending health financing and promoting access are crucial objectives, the findings of this study emphasize the need to align these efforts with efficient resource utilization to prevent the inadvertent exacerbation of poverty. In conclusion, this study contributes valuable insights to the discourse on health economics, advocating for a balanced and holistic approach to health-care policy formulation and implementation.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological distress, stressful events, and well-being in Spanish women through the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and two years later","authors":"M. Matud, M. J. del Pino, Demelsa Fortes, D. E. Hernández-Lorenzo, I. Ibáñez","doi":"10.36922/ghes.2255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2255","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted human lives and posed significant threats to the mental health and well-being of the population, with women being particularly affected. This study investigates the well-being, stress levels, and psychological distress experienced by women while also identifying both risk and protective factors across different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: (i) the Spanish national lockdown during the first wave of the pandemic; (ii) the second wave; (iii) 2 years after the beginning of the pandemic; and (iv) 2 years following the second wave. To conduct this investigation, a total of 4,047 women aged 16 – 87 years old and drawn from the general population, completed eight questionnaires and scales. The findings revealed percentages of psychological distress among women, revealing rates of 60.5% during the lockdown, 65.7% during the second wave, 55.3% between February and April 2022, and 49.7% between October 2022 and February 2023. High self-esteem was the most important protective factor against psychological distress among women and was most associated with their well-being. In addition, high resilience and social support provided further protective effects, although to a lesser extent. Conversely, experiencing a higher number of stressful events was a risk factor for increased distress and posing a threat to women’s well-being.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"190 S524","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing quality of life, public health, and economic development in the Global South through waterborne disease prevention with ultraviolet C light-emitting diode technology","authors":"Jamie M. Reedy, Dana Pousty, Beldeen W. Waliaula, J. Maniga, H. Mamane, R. M. Mariita","doi":"10.36922/ghes.1984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.1984","url":null,"abstract":"Waterborne diseases pose a significant public health challenge in the Global South, attributed to inadequate access to clean water, insufficient sanitation infrastructure, and poor water treatment systems. These factors contribute to the contamination of water sources with microbial pathogens, placing individuals at a heightened risk of contracting waterborne diseases. Waterborne diseases in the Global South are caused by various bacterial pathogens, parasites, and viruses, with factors such as climate change, water scarcity, and human pollution influencing their proliferation. Vulnerable populations, including children, pregnant women, and immunocompromised individuals, bear the brunt of these diseases, resulting in preventable deaths and hindering socioeconomic development due to health-care costs. Traditional methods for combating these diseases have limitations, leading to the need for alternative water disinfection strategies, such as ultraviolet C light-emitting diodes (UVC LEDs). This review examines both the current state of waterborne diseases in the Global South (i.e., disease prevalence, causes, and public/systemic impacts) and the current landscape of UVC LED technology for water disinfection. Through the lens of this multi-focus review, we also explore the potential widespread implementation of UVC LED technology for water disinfection as a method of combating waterborne diseases to improve public health outcomes. Regulatory frameworks for UVC LED water treatment systems in the Global South remain limited. To address this limitation, we recommend an essential implementation framework that includes legislation, partnerships, sustainability, affordability, industrial and environmental standards, and robust evaluation protocols. Finally, we provide a substantial overview of the future directions and research opportunities in UVC LED technology and water treatment mechanisms aiming for promising public health outcomes. Embracing UVC LED technology can help address persistent disease challenges and improve public health in regions with limited infrastructure, thereby moving closer to achieving the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals and emphasizing the significance of universal access to improved WASH (safe water, sanitation, and hygiene) conditions.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"780 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of job satisfaction, work-related burnout, and their impact on the general health of individuals active in the catering industry","authors":"Christina Antoniadou, Dimitris D. Vlastos, P. Theofilou","doi":"10.36922/ghes.1852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.1852","url":null,"abstract":"The harsh working environment in the catering industry has adverse effects on employees’ work-life balance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationships between job satisfaction, work-related burnout, and their impact on the general health of individuals working in this industry. A purposive convenience sample of 100 individuals was selected for this study. Participants completed four electronic questionnaires: the demographic questionnaire, the General Health Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Questionnaire, and the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire. The results revealed a correlation between burnout and job satisfaction with the general health of people working in the catering industry. Notably, the findings suggested that job satisfaction is affected by the age factor; as reported in previous studies, older workers exhibited a greater degree of job satisfaction compared to their younger counterparts. While these outcomes provide valuable insights, future investigations could benefit from a larger and more representative sample size conducted over an extended period. This approach would allow for a comprehensive exploration of additional factors influencing individuals who are active in the catering industry.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"65 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of hypnosis: Refiguring the practice of multidisciplinary health care","authors":"W. D. Phipps","doi":"10.36922/ghes.1713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.1713","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the full circle prohibition and repeal, in South Africa, from 1997 to 2007, of the utilization of hypnosis by any person not in the profession of psychology (i.e., psychotherapy), to identify the causes thereof to prevent its deleterious reoccurrence globally, and to clarify the potential utilization of hypnosis in multidisciplinary health care. It was found that the prohibition was necessarily repealed because it was erroneous, including that it was: (i) Unenforceable – the occurrence of hypnosis cannot be prevented because communication necessarily invokes, often without awareness thereof, trance hypnosis, and/or waking hypnosis; (ii) unnecessary – the prohibition of the utilization of hypnosis by other disciplines is not a logical consequence of the prohibition of its psychotherapeutic utilization by other disciplines because its utilization in any discipline is distinct from that in any another; and (iii) preventing efficacious use – the demarcation of hypnosis as belonging to psychology, and thus as single-disciplinary, prevents efficacy because this is contingent on knowledge about the mind, body, physical environment, and interaction, which is necessarily of a multidisciplinary nature. It was also found that hypnosis can only be utilized (i.e., instead of being prevented because its occurrence is inherent to communication), is content-free, and can effect profound learning. It was concluded that the potential utilization of hypnosis in, and thus refiguration of, the practice of multidisciplinary health care is limited only by every discipline’s awareness, training, and integrated utilization thereof in medicine, surgery, and/or communication for mental and/or physical illness and/or disease. The paper concludes with illustrations of how hypnosis may be utilized in treatment and therapy disciplines, respectively.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of burnout syndrome with mental resilience and quality of life among workers in the public and private sectors","authors":"Nikolaos Plemmenos, Dimitris D. Vlastos, P. Theofilou","doi":"10.36922/ghes.1751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.1751","url":null,"abstract":"The research investigated the association between burnout syndrome and the variables of mental resilience and quality of life among the workers working in Greek private and public sectors. Data were collected from 112 study participants through a survey conducted using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire encompassed demographic questions and psychometric tools such as Burnout Assessment Tool version 2.0, brief resilience scale, and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, which were used to measure the three variables examined the research. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to test the relationship between two quantitative variables. In conclusion, the present study found a negative correlation between burnout and the variables of mental resilience and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139286566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Max Weber and Harriet Martineau in physical education: Nuances of historical parallelism and gender bias in the sociological method","authors":"Fabricio Boscolo Del Vecchio, Erlene Pereira Barbosa, Rodrigo Cantu","doi":"10.36922/ghes.0992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.0992","url":null,"abstract":"Physical education has been constituted in a complex scenario, and despite this epistemological debate, we can find the existence of a “sociology of sport,” a relatively recent field of study dominated by names such as Karl Marx, Norbert Elias, Pierre Bourdieu, and Michel Foucault, while the name of Max Weber and Harriet Martineau, the first woman sociologist, is absent of research in the “sociology of sport.” This article aims to explore two possible phenomena to explain this failure: Historical parallelism and gender bias. This research applies the bibliographic method with a descriptive approach, based on the works of Max Weber and Harriet Martineau, including supporting theoretical references. As the main result, Weber considered sociology as a science that seeks to interpretively understand social action and explain it causally in its course and effects. According to Weber, scientists must be skilled in separating judgments of reality (what is) and judgments of value (what ought to be) in scientific analysis, to pursue genuine knowledge, and he organized his sociological analysis method based on two main tools: (1) Ideal types and (2) types of social action. Temporarily before Weber, Martineau (1802 – 1876) pointed to aspects related to the observation process, and provided examples related to the different classifications of what Weber referred to as “social action.” She emphasized the need to engage with the people and groups from which one seeks to gather information, and two elements stand out: (1) The recommendation to study things, using people’s discourse as if it was a commentary on them and (2) the occasional need to distance oneself a little to have a more accurate view of the phenomenon. Martineau provided relevant indications regarding the recording of facts, previously to Weber. In conclusion, it is expected that researchers from different areas, including physical education, who employ research methods from the social sciences, field diary observations, and interviews, can appropriate what was previously produced before Max Weber, in this case, by Harriet Martineau.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128625072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of fast-track drug registration by Anvisa in Brazil: A descriptive study of new drug registrations from 2017 to 2022","authors":"M. Borin, M. M. Barbosa, C. O. Pereira, C. R. Martins, Daniel Pitchon dos Reis, Geraldo José Coelho Ribeiro, Julia Teixeira Tupinambás, Karina de Castro Zocrato, Lélia Maria de Almeida Carvalho, Arcela Pinto de Freitas, Maria da Glória Cruvinel Horta, Mariza Cristina Torres Talim, Ernesto Gomes de Azevedo, Sergio Adriano Loureiro Bersan, Silvana Marcia Bruschi Kelles","doi":"10.36922/ghes.0995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.0995","url":null,"abstract":"Prompt release of novel pharmaceuticals is very much sought after during critical circumstances to aid patients and society in need. Nonetheless, the expeditious availability of these medications may jeopardize the well-structured investigations and observations. To tackle this concern, regulatory agencies globally have implemented expedited registration procedures. In Brazil, the National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa) has likewise implemented an expedited registration process to cater to patients who cannot afford to wait. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of Anvisa’s accelerated drug registration on the challenging regulatory environment in Brazil. Data pertaining to medications registered by Anvisa from 2017 to 2022 through the expedited process were procured from the Federal Government’s transparency portal and the medication consultation portal. The registration of novel drugs by Anvisa through both standard and expedited processes during this timeframe was analyzed. The introduction of the accelerated registration regulation by Anvisa in 2017 led to a substantial rise in registration requests utilizing this regulatory modality. Furthermore, the data concerning drug registration through all channels unveiled a noteworthy reduction in average response time. Despite concerns pertaining to the effectiveness and safety of drugs registered through the expedited process, often reliant on Phase II studies, the utilization of this process is on the rise worldwide, including in Brazil. To ensure the sustainability of health-care systems, it may be advantageous to implement provisional registration in conjunction with subsequent evaluation through real-world studies and financing based on risk-sharing agreements. In conclusion, the accelerated drug registration process implemented by Anvisa in Brazil has exhibited promising results in terms of reduced response times. Nevertheless, the effectiveness and safety of drugs registered through this process necessitate meticulous evaluation. The implementation of provisional registration and the integration of real-world studies, alongside managed entry agreements, could offer a sustainable alternative for health-care systems.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125680552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Budgetary impact of new label indications after initial drug registration in Brazil: A case study of pembrolizumab and trastuzumab deruxtecan","authors":"M. Borin, M. M. Barbosa, C. O. Pereira, C. R. Martins, Daniel Pitchon dos Reis, Geraldo José Coelho Ribeiro, Julia Teixeira Tupinambás, Karina de Castro Zocrato, Lélia Maria de Almeida Carvalho, Marcela Pinto de Freitas, Maria da Glória Cruvinel Horta, Mariza Cristina Torres Talim, Ernesto Gomes de Azevedo, Sergio Adriano Loureiro Bersan, Silvana Marcia Bruschi Kelles","doi":"10.36922/ghes.0994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.0994","url":null,"abstract":"The pharmaceutical landscape has undergone a transformative shift due to emerging technologies, leading to a projected value of USD 405.52 billion for the global pharmaceutical manufacturing market in 2020. Brazil, representing 2% of the global pharmaceutical market, boasts a comprehensive public health system called Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), ensuring universal health coverage. However, the public and private health sectors in Brazil operate independently, with 23% of Brazilians possessing private health insurance plans. Regulated by the Brazilian Drug Market Regulation Chamber (CMED), which controls drug prices based on international retail prices and other factors, the pharmaceutical market in Brazil faces significant challenges in maintaining the sustainability of the Brazilian health-care system, particularly due to the high costs of cancer medications, such as pembrolizumab and trastuzumab deruxtecan. This study aims to assess the budgetary impact of expanding indications for pembrolizumab and trastuzumab deruxtecan in Brazil after their initial registration by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency. Utilizing epidemiological data from the National Cancer Institute (INCA) and clinical trial data, we estimated the eligible patient populations and associated costs for these medications. Trastuzumab deruxtecan’s eligible patient population increased from 383 to 23,000 across various indications, resulting in a total cost increase from USD 90.6 million to USD 5.0 billion. Similarly, pembrolizumab’s eligible patient population expanded from 1796 to 99,544 for multiple indications, causing the total cost increase from USD 121.1 million to USD 6.7 billion. The study highlights the substantial expansions in indications and patient eligibility for trastuzumab deruxtecan and pembrolizumab in Brazil, with significant budgetary implications potentially jeopardizing the health-care system’s sustainability. To ensure the long-term sustainability of health-care systems and to provide equitable access to optimal treatments, it is crucial for policymakers to monitor and adjust drug prices following their initial registration. Policymakers must be aware of these challenges and consider them in health-care policy development and decision-making processes.","PeriodicalId":193088,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Economics and Sustainability","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132034509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}