"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series "最新文献

{"title":"THE PHYTOCOENOTIC STUDY REGARDING THE WET HABITATS FOUND ON THE COPĂNIȚA ISLAND, DOLJ COUNTY, ROMANIA","authors":"Mariana Niculescu, E. Florea, A. L. Olaru, I. S. Nuță","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i2.1471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i2.1471","url":null,"abstract":"The territory under study is an island located very close to the flow of the Jiu into the Danube, in the lower course of the Danube, and represents a protected area for important species and habitats of community and priority interest, as well as an important migration area for an impressive number of protected birds.This territory is part of the ROSCI0045 Coridorul Jiului Protected Area. Considering the extremely varied and rich biodiversity of this area, we started in 2022 the realization of complex studies regarding the flora, vegetation as well as the habitats of community and priority interest found on Copanița Island. In the present work, a study is presented regarding the phytocenology of wet habitats of conservation interest as well as the anthropogenic impact on them. Thus, the following wetland habitats were identified: 3160 - Natural dystrophic lakes and ponds (CLAS. PAL.: 22.14), 3150 - Natural eutrophic lakes with Magnopotamion or Hydrocharition-type vegetation (CLAS. PAL.: 22.13 x (22.41 sau 22.421), 3130 - Oligotrophic to mesotrophic standing waters with vegetation of the Littorelletea uniflorae and/or Isoëto-Nanojuncetea (CLAS. PAL.: 22.12 x (22.31 şi 22.32) and 3270 - Rivers with muddy banks with Chenopodion rubri p.p. and Bidention p.p. vegetation (CLAS. PAL.: 24.52). From the phytocoenotic point of view, the following aquatic and palustre plant communities were identified: Myriophyllo verticillati-Nupharetum luteae Koch 1926, Trapo-Nymphoidetum Oberd. 1957, Lemno-Spirodeletum Koch 1954, Spirodelo-Salvinietum natantis Slavnič 1965, Lemno-Salvinietum natantis Miyawaki et Tüxen 1960, Cyperetum flavescentis Koch ex Aichinger 1933 and Bidenti-Polygonetum hydropiperis Lohm. in Tüxen 1950, Polygono lapathifolio – Bidentetum Klika 1935; Echinochloo – Polygonetum lapathifolii Soo et Csurrs 1974. The climate changes of recent years had a particularly negative effect on these habitats with a particular impact on the surfaces of the habitats but also on the structure and physiognomy of the edifying plant communities.","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY ON THE MODIFICATION OF THE OXIDATIVE STATUS OF AN ECHINACEA AUGUSTIFOLIA TEA WHEN USING SWEETENERS","authors":"Petre Săvescu","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1475","url":null,"abstract":"Echinacea tea reduces the risk of contamination with respiratory viruses.Echinacea tea comes from the daisy family and offers a sweet and potent floral flavour. This herbal tea may help boost immune health and fend off the common cold. Echinacea helps maintain healthy skin regeneration and reduces the burning sensation in cases of injury.This working paper presents one valuable study regarding the influences that occur during the sweetening task.In this case, maintaining the best balance between the reduced and oxidized forms of enzymatic cofactors - for the specific oxidoreductases - is one of the important aim.The moving of the gravitational centre of redox balance to the oxidized area can be the source for transforming the valuable bio-compounds in toxic unwanted compounds. For this reason, the monitoring of the redox balance in this functional food is mandatory.This paper presents a personal method to determine the best natural or synthetic sweetener that can be used without any problems when sweetening the Echinacea tea from a free contamination area.","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":"87 s1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PERFORMANS OF NEW ROMANIAN ALFALAFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA) GENOTYPES","authors":"C. Sălceanu, M. Paraschivu, A. L. Olaru, C. Roșculete, Leontina Monica GOANȚĂ (SUNĂ)","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1476","url":null,"abstract":"Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), known as „Queen of the forages” is important for its biomass yield and it is the fourth most widely grown crop in the world behind corn, wheat and soybean. Therefore, alfalfa breeding targets forage yield and quality, as well as tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The alfalfa genotypes have been tested in natural conditions to Agricultural and Research Station Caracal in 2020-2021 for assessing their yielding treats. Thus, the biomass yield ranged between 63,5 for F 2909-2 and 72,2 t/ha for F 2910, while dry matter emphasized significant values comparatively with the control (3-11%), only for the genotypes F2907, F2909-1, F2910. The genotypes Ileana and F2910 performed the best in all assessed traits and they are recommended for extended cropping system.","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":" 81","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODELING OF APPLE CHEMICAL FRUIT THINNING","authors":"D. Radivojevic, Č. Oparnica, J. Milivojevic","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1470","url":null,"abstract":"Crop load management in intensive apple orchards must be done precisely to produce a high yield with marketable fruit size. It also ensures the formation of flower buds on the tree for the next season and prevents alternative bearing. In addition to pruning, flower and fruit thinning is another management method that has a major impact on crop yield. Compared to other methods, chemical thinning is the cheapest, can be done quickly and allows fruit thinning at the right time, which guarantees better fruit quality. The decision on the type of chemical agent, concentration and timing of application is very complex and depends on the apple variety, flowering intensity and fruit growth phase, weather conditions during treatment and a few days after. Flower thinning is applied to very high-yielding varieties where fruit thinning is very difficult and tends to bear alternately. Ammonium thiosulphate or ethephon can be used for this purpose only in years with abundant flowering and in conditions where there is no risk of spring frosts. Regardless of whether flower thinning has been carried out or not, the fruits are chemically thinned in the period shortly after flowering. The usual chemical treatment(s) is (are) applied at the early stage of fruit development, when the diameter of the central fruits in a cluster on 2-year-old wood is 5 to 16 mm (in exceptional cases up to 20 mm). At this time, naphthalene acetamide (NAD), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-benzyladenine (6- BA), and metamitron are used to induce abscission of young fruit. These chemicals are used alone or in various combinations to improve the effect. If the thinning efficacy of the single application is weak, sequential applications of chemical thinners with different modes of action must be made 1-3 weeks after the previous application to reduce fruit set to a commercially acceptable level. To avoid under- or over-thinning of fruit of a particular variety, models that predict the effectiveness of chemicals based on short-term light and temperature forecasts are used to determine the optimal time to apply thinners. Immediately after the first application of thinning agents, the “fruit growth rate model” can be used for early assessment of apple tree response to thinning and the need for a new application.","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOSTIMULANTS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAIZE CROPS","authors":"Alex Emanuel Privantu, A. L. Olaru, Denisa Florența MURTAZA (FLOREA), Șerban Cătălin Dobre","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1467","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in food demand stimulates activities aimed at improving the productivity and quality characteristics of the crops obtained. Maize (Zea mays L.) is one such plant, which, along with wheat and rice, is one of the three most important crops in the world due to its many uses. Modern agriculture tends to minimize the use of mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products, which are replaced by products with natural origin. This group includes the biostimulants that have, as one of the main tasks, stress mitigation. Climate change alters regular weather seasonality and maize is one of the main crops affected by irregular water regimes.Biostimulants have attracted the attention of maize growers due to their effectiveness in promoting morphological, physiological and biochemical processes in crops. The biostimulants boosts the physiological activity of plants by stimulating the photosynthetic process. Recent results from the specialized literature show that the application of biostimulants enhances the physiological performance of maize under both optimal environmental conditions and abiotic stress caused by water deficit. In this context, the use of biostimulants can be a useful tool to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on maize plants.","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE MAIN LIMITING FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE SUGAR BEET CULTURE","authors":"Bianca-Anamaria Popa","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1466","url":null,"abstract":"The biological requirements of sugar beet define it as one of the most difficult crops to grow. Achieving large and stable productions requires a precision technology that ensures the optimal presence of growth and development factors.Sugar beet requires a high consumption of water (600-650 mm/year), a fact that influences the choice of a culture area, especially in irrigated areas or with groundwater supply. Areas with abundant rainfall during the growing season are also recommended. The location of the culture will take into account the sensitivity to soil acidity and its settling, determining the choice of flat, medium-textured, deep, rich in organic matter and with a neutral reaction (pH = 6.5-8).","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COENOLOGY, DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY OF THE SPECIES ADONIS VERNALIS L. IN THE SOUTH-WEST OF OLTENIA, ROMANIA","authors":"Mariana Niculescu, Alina Marilena Prioteasa, Florina Grecu, Dorian Florin Cojoaca, L. Niculescu","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i2.1472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i2.1472","url":null,"abstract":"Adonis vernalis L., known as pheasant's eye, spring pheasant's eye, yellow pheasant's eye, is a perennial plant with yellow flowers from the Ranunculaceae family that grows in xerophytic meadows but sometimes also in the glades of the thermophilic and sub-thermophilic forests of Europe and Asia. Following the studies carried out, in the south-west of Oltenia, the species was identified in xerophytic and xero-mesophytic meadows, but also in the glades and clearings of the Turkey oak and Hungarian oak trees in the localities: Radovan, Perișor, Plenița, Mărăcine, Tencănău, Vârvoru de Jos, Târnava.The populations were found on level ground at altitudes between 60-125 m. From a phytocoenotic point of view, the species was identified in the following plant communities: Stipetum capillatae Schneider-Binder 1967, Bothriochloetum ischaemi (Krist. 1937) Pop 1977, Festucetum valesiaco-rupicolae Csuros et Kovacs, Quercetum cerris Georgescu 1941; Quercetum frainetto-cerris (Georgescu 1945) Rudski 1949.The populations of the species are very few, the number of individuals in a population being quite small. It was found that the climatic changes of recent years, combined with the expansion of the sandy lands in Oltenia, had a negative impact on this species both from the population and phytocoenotic point of view. Pheasant's Eye (Adonis vernalis has most recently been assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2011. Adonis vernalis is listed as Least Concern. The species is also protected by 2 international agreements important at European level.","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":" 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE ROOTSTOCK P1103 AND SO4 ON THE BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CABERNET SAUVIGNON VARIETY","authors":"Z. Przic, N. Marković, Isidora Ilić","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1469","url":null,"abstract":"Cabernet Sauvignon is one of the most widespread grape varieties, both in the world and in Serbia and is used for the production of high quality red wines. The rootstocks P 1103 and SO4 are widely used in Serbian viticulture. The choice of rootstock can significantly influence the biological characteristics of cultivated variety, especially through qualitative parameters of bunch and the berry. The research was conducted in the wine-growing region of Šumadija. The vineyard was planted in 2009 with a row spacing of 2.3 m and between rows 0.8 m. The aim of the work was to determine the influence of rootstock P1103 and SO4 on the biological characteristics of the Cabernet Sauvignon variety. The work contains data related to phenological observations, vegetative and reproductive potential, yield, uvological composition of grapes and berries, and qualitative characteristics of grape juice. Phenological observations revealed no differences in the length of phenophases. A higher average shoot growth was observed on rootstock P 1103 (150.9 cm). A higher number of developed inflorescences (13.7) was observed on rootstock SO4, while the average yield was higher on rootstock P 1103 (1.723 kg). The uvological observations of bunches and berries showed higher values on the rootstock P 1103 for the following parameters: average weight of the bunch (175.4 g), number of berries in the bunch (151.6), weight of the bunch stem (5.5 g), weight of skin of 100 berries (11.9 g) and seed mass of 100 berries (7.2 g). The sugar content of grape juice was higher in rootstock P 1103 (27.16%), while the content of total acids was generally higher in rootstock SO4 (8.3 g/l).","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":"177 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH ON WEED CONTROL ON ALBIC LUVISOL OF NORTHWESTERN ROMANIA IN AUTUMN WHEAT CROP","authors":"S. Mondici, Péter Ács, Nicolae Goga, Lucian Butnar, L. Giurgiulescu","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1458","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out in the 2022-2023 agricultural year, the experience being located on an albic luvosol with a pH of 5.1, a clay content of 20.9% and a humus content of 1.8, the Glosa wheat variety being sown. The present work presents the effectiveness and efficiency of herbicide treatments on wheat production on an albic luvisol in Livada township, Satu Mare county, and implicitly the weed control strategies. The dominant species in the wheat culture on the albic luvosol are: Matricaria inodora, Raphanus raphanistrum, Sinapis arvensis, Cirsium arvense, Viola arvensis, Apera spica-venti, Gypsofila muralis, Sclerantus anuus, Elymus repens, Convolvulus, Galeopsis tetrahit. The effectiveness of the treatments was different depending on the herbicide used and the degree of weeding. The effective fight against weeds in the field requires a good knowledge of the pedoclimatic conditions that influence the effectiveness of herbicide treatments applied pre-emergence or post-emergence due to the different floristic composition depending on these conditions. It is noted that the fight against weeds in the wheat crop and beyond is an important link without which a profitable crop cannot be achieved. Herbicides remain one of the most effective means of combating weeds in the wheat crop.","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":"59 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH ON THE TOLERANCE OF SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS TO THE HERBICIDES CHALLENGE 600 SC AND VIBALLA","authors":"S. Mondici, I. R. Șugar, L. Giurgiulescu","doi":"10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1461","url":null,"abstract":"In order to deal with the weeding specific to the area, we have located at the Livada Research and Development Station a technological experience in sunflower culture. The major objective of this research was the tolerance of Chearfield, Express SUN and Conventional sunflower hybrids to Challenge 600 SC and Viballa herbicides in the pedoclimatic conditions of Livada, Satu Mare county, and implicitly the effectiveness of treatments with the aforementioned herbicides. The reserve of weeds on the soil types from the \"luvosol albic\" orchard being much higher as a result of the preservation of the seeds in the soil for a longer period of time determines a high level of weeding compared to which the herbicide Challenge 600 SC (aclonifen 600g/l ) 4l/ha pre-emergence applied to the sunflower crop, regardless of the type of hybrid, proved to be effective and selective throughout the vegetation period. The effectiveness of the new herbicides was determined by the climatic conditions and the floristic composition of the weeds.","PeriodicalId":192852,"journal":{"name":"\"Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series \"","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139152172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}