New Journal of Botany最新文献

{"title":"A short Flora of Berwickshire","authors":"D. Long","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1121665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1121665","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"45 1","pages":"219 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85461696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The world's oldest living tree discovered in Sweden? A critical review","authors":"G. Mackenthun","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1123967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1123967","url":null,"abstract":"In 2008, there was news that in Sweden a 9550-year-old spruce was discovered which would accordingly be the oldest living tree in the world. The pros and cons of the claim are discussed in this review based on the original publications by the discoverers of the spruce. The findings presented here support the conclusion that spruces in the Swedish mountains may reach 100–600 years of age but not nearly 10,000 years. There is neither evidence of genetic continuity between dead wood remains discovered beneath the allegedly 9550-year-old tree and the living tree itself. Nor is there evidence of a clonal origin of the spruce. On the contrary, it must be assumed that it reproduces sexually. In fact, there are good reasons to endorse the generally accepted view that Great Basin bristlecone pines are the oldest living trees on earth.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"29 1","pages":"200 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89277145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant records","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1121646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1121646","url":null,"abstract":". New 10 km square records for Rare and Scarce plants, defined as those species in the New Atlas mapped in the British Isles in 100 10 km squares or fewer. (See BSBI News no. 95, January 2004 pp. 36–43). Records for the subdivisions of vice-counties will not be treated separately; they must therefore be records for the vice-county as a whole. However, records will be accepted for the major islands in v.cc. 100, 102–104, 110 and 113. In the following list, records are arranged in the order given in the List of Vascular Plants of the British Isles and its supplements by D. H. Kent (1992). Nomenclature and taxonomy also follow this list except where changes have been made in the 3rd edition of theNew Flora of the British Isles by C. A. Stace, in which cases, the changed names have been used. The Ordnance Survey national grid reference follows the habitat and locality. With the exception of collectors’ initials, herbarium abbreviations are those used in British and Irish Herbaria by D. H. Kent & D. E. Allen (1984). Records are field records if no other source is stated. For all records, ‘det.’ or ‘conf.’ appear after the herbarium if the determination was based on material already in an institutional herbarium, otherwise before the herbarium. The following signs are used: * before the vice-county number: to indicate a new vice-county record. † before the species number: to indicate that the plant is an archaeophyte. ‡ before the species number: to indicate that the plant is a neophyte. © before the species number: to indicate that the plant is a casual. The above three signs may also used before the vice-county number to indicate the status of the plant in that vicecounty. ® before the vice-county number: to indicate that this is an additional hectad for a Rare or Scarce plant. Ø at end of entry: established taxon not in Vice-County Census Catalogue. Name of authority provided. [ ] enclosing a previously published record: to indicate that that record should be deleted or changed. Records are now published in two separate sections – (1) NATIVES (including archaeophytes) and (2) ALIENS (neophytes and casuals). The following list contains records up to and including the year 2015. Records up to and including the year 2016 will be published in the next but one issue of the New Journal of Botany. Records from the following vice-counties are included: 1b, 2, 6, 9, 12, 29, 35, 36, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52, 54, 55, 62, 63, 69, 70, 71, 73, 81, 83 and 110.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"20 1","pages":"205 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76712689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Referees for 2011–2015, vols 1–5","authors":"J. Richard","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1129758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1129758","url":null,"abstract":"The success and scientific credibility of this journal depends in large measure on the pool of referees who contribute their time, experience and judgement to the peer-review process. They provide this service voluntarily, anonymously and for no obvious reward other than to see that the journal publishes material of a high standard. In addition to the editors, more than 100 people were kind enough to review the papers published in the first five volumes of New Journal of Botany, 2011–2015. It is with great pleasure therefore that, on behalf of the Botanical Society of Britain & Ireland and the New Journal of Botany Editorial Board, I offer grateful thanks to the people listed below.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"9 1","pages":"156 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79327315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Flora of the British Isles","authors":"P. Uotila","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1121669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1121669","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"48 1","pages":"216 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88021812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodus Plantarum Nova [1682]","authors":"D. Mabberley","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1121676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1121676","url":null,"abstract":"parents, distribution and habitat in the British Isles and to some extent in Europe, data on fertility/sterility, chromosome numbers and experimental work. I would question the sequence of the parents in the names (e.g. Salix pentandra× alba), often not in alphabetical order and differing from the index (S. alba× pentandra). The extent of the texts varies considerably depending on the available information and importance of the hybrid, but also on the personal interest of the authors and editors. A useful list of illustrations is given for each hybrid and nice colour photographs of several hybrids are included. Each hybrid description includes a table of hectad totals separately with each parent, and for all but the rarest spontaneous hybrids a hectad map is given showing the distributions of the hybrid and its parents. The maps are otherwise similar to those in the New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora but lacking age and status information. Unfortunately, status information is not given in the tables, either, and the reader cannot easily see the essential role of introduced plants in the hybrids, so the New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora must be consulted. Hybrids arise where the parents meet. So it is not astonishing that usually both (or all three) parent species are present in the area where a hybrid is noted – this is neatly seen in the maps. If one or both of the parents are absent from a hectad, it is usually matter of under-recording or disappearance. Hybrids are commonly sterile or with low capability to spread generatively, but they have often good capability to vegetative spreading to large vigorous colonies, which can establish for decades or centuries. Good examples are Circaea × intermedia, much more widespread than one of the parents (C. alpina) at present, Nuphar × spenneriana, rare but widespread whereas one parent (N. pumila) is restricted to northern Scotland, and Potamogeton × bottnicus with one of parents is completely missing from the British Isles. In case of Crataegus×media, its abundance in the north, outside the area of C. laevigata, tells of frequent plantings and escaping of the hybrid there. Most spontaneous hybrids between native plants are rare and exceptional, because plants have different genetic and biological mechanisms to prevent hybridising. However, some hybrids between native taxa are widespread in the common area of the parents, as, among others, in many hybrids in Salix and in Geum rivale × urbanum, Nasturtium microphyllum × officinale, Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum × H. perforatum, Mentha arvensis × aquatica, Stachys sylvatica × palustris, Senecio jacobaea× aquaticus, Festuca pratensis × Lolium perenne andGlyceria fluitans × notata. Often disturbance of habitats breaks ecological isolation and makes meeting of parents more probable. In many widespread hybrids between native and alien species, such as Bromus hordeaceus × lepidus, Hyacinthoides non-scripta ×H. hispanica and Senecio jaco","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"13 1","pages":"217 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88631839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Niche models for British plants and lichens obtained using an ensemble approach","authors":"P. Henrys, S. Smart, E. Rowe, S. Jarvis, Z. Fang, Chris D. Evans, Bridget A. Emmett, Adam Butler","doi":"10.1179/2042349715Y.0000000010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/2042349715Y.0000000010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Site-occupancy models that predict habitat suitability for plant species in relation to measurable environmental factors can be useful for conservation planning. Such models can be derived from large-scale presence–absence datasets on the basis of environmental observations or, where only floristic data are available, using plant trait values averaged across a plot. However, the estimated modelled relationship between species presence and environmental variables depends on the type of statistical model adopted and hence can introduce additional uncertainty. Authors used an ensemble-modelling approach to constrain and quantify the uncertainty because of the choice of statistical model, applying generalised linear models (GLM), generalised additive models (GAM), and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS). Niche models were derived for over 1000 species of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens, representing a large proportion of the British flora and many species occurring in continental Europe. Each model predicts habitat suitability for a species in response to climate variables and trait-based scores (evaluated excluding the species being modelled) for soil pH, fertility, wetness and canopy height. An R package containing the fitted models for each species is presented which allows the user to predict the habitat suitability of a given set of conditions for a particular species. Further functions within the package are included so that these habitat suitability scores can be plotted in relation to individual explanatory variables. A simple case study shows how the R package (MultiMOVE) can be used quickly and efficiently to answer questions of scientific interest, specifically whether climate change will counteract any benefits of sheep-grazing for a particular plant community. The package itself is freely available via http://doi.org/10.5285/94ae1a5a-2a28-4315-8d4b-35ae964fc3b9.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"34 1","pages":"100 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81232004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A molecular and morphological investigation into the origins of Ligustrum × vicaryi (Oleaceae) with consideration of its nomenclature","authors":"D. Edwards, J. H. C. Griffin, J. Armitage","doi":"10.1179/2042349715Y.0000000008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/2042349715Y.0000000008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A combined molecular and morphological study was employed to investigate the origins of Ligustrum ×  vicaryi, reportedly a hybrid between the introduced L. ovalifolium and the British and Irish native L. vulgare. Two DNA regions, the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and the chloroplast psbA–trnH intergenic spacer region were sequenced. In total, 109 accessions, including wild-collected and garden plants, were sampled representing 21 of the 22 species in cultivation in Britain and Ireland. Neither DNA sequence data nor morphology implicates L. vulgare in the parentage of L. ×  vicaryi; instead it is very likely to be the result of a cross between two individuals of L. ovalifolium with different genotypes. Nomenclatural considerations are discussed and the adoption of the name L. ovalifolium ‘Vicaryi’ is advocated. The character of glabrous shoots often used to separate L. ovalifolium from L. vulgare is rejected and a clearer characterisation presented. The importance of research-led data-gathering when considering interactions between native and non-native plants is emphasised.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"21 1","pages":"101 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91531410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New names for some British Hieracia (Asteraceae)","authors":"D. J. Mccosh","doi":"10.1179/2042349715Y.0000000009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/2042349715Y.0000000009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract New names are presented for 12 species of British Hieracium hitherto known under Scandinavian names but now considered to be different. They are: from section Stelligera, H. subcrinellum D.J. McCosh; from section Vulgata, H. breviglandulosum D.J. McCosh, H. lepiduloides D.J. McCosh, H. lintonense D.J. McCosh, H. pseudacroleucum D.J. McCosh, H. rhombicum D.J. McCosh; and from section Hieracium, H. arnsidense D.J. McCosh, H. benhopense D. J. McCosh, H. cambrense D.J. McCosh, H. grisedalense D. J. McCosh, H. pseudintegratum D.J. McCosh and H. pseudosevericeps D. J. McCosh. Four new combinations at the rank of forma are made in H. triviale.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"1 1","pages":"120 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83074318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Starnut Palm endocarps Astrocaryum sp. (Arecaceae): further records and a summary of those from north-western Europe","authors":"D. Quigley, P. Gainey, G. Cadée, A. Dinsdale","doi":"10.1179/2042349715Y.0000000012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/2042349715Y.0000000012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Starnut Palms belong to two genera of Arecaceae (Palmae), Astrocaryum and Hexopetion. At least 40 species are currently recognised from various tropical ecosystems of South America and in Pacific and Atlantic forests of Central America. Starnut Palm diaspores are naturally dispersed by a variety of modes, including mammals, bats, birds, fish, and freshwater currents. However, many empty endocarps inevitably float out to sea where they are widely dispersed by ocean currents and some eventually reach north-west European waters from the Caribbean region via the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift. The current review collates all known published records of Astrocaryum endocarps found stranded in north-west Europe, including details of several previously unpublished records. Although the identification of starnut endocarps to species still frequently defies efforts, most of the specimens found stranded in north-west Europe are generally considered to belong to either A. standleyanum or H. mexicanum. However, considering the observed wide range of endocarp shapes and sizes, it is possible that several other Astrocaryum species may also occur in maritime areas of the North Atlantic. Morphometric studies of Astrocaryum endocarps, combined with confirmatory genetic analyses, are required in order to determine if endocarp shape is species-specific.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"5 1","pages":"143 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86898599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}