{"title":"Micranthes (Saxifragaceae) and its infraspecific taxa in Europe","authors":"R. Gornall","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2016.1167581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2016.1167581","url":null,"abstract":"The taxonomy of the genus Micranthes Haw. in Europe is reviewed and the morphological characters that can be used to discriminate between it and Saxifraga L. are discussed. A new classification of Micranthes stellaris (L.) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano is proposed, based on recent phylogeographical studies. In it, the species is divided into three subspecies, (a) subsp. stellaris, distributed from eastern N. America, Greenland and northern Europe, south and west to the Massif Central, the Iberian peninsula and ?Corsica; (b) subsp. hispidula (Rochel) Gornall, ranging from the Carpathians south to the Balkan peninsula, and (c) subsp. robusta (Engl.) Gornall, confined to the Alps. The first has four varieties, var. stellaris, var. gemmifera (D.A. Webb) Gornall, var. paucidentata Gornall and var. obovata (Engl.) Gornall. The last has two varieties, var. acaulis (Haller f.) Gornall and var. prolifera (Sternb.) Gornall. A new combination is also made for the viviparous morphs of M. clusii (Gouan) Fern. Prieto, Vázquez, Vallines & Cires, viz. M. clusii subsp. lepismigena (Planellas) Gornall.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"97 1","pages":"50 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88125761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The genus Conyza in Britain and a name for the hybrid between Erigeron acris and Conyza floribunda (Asteraceae)","authors":"A. Mundell","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2016.1173806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2016.1173806","url":null,"abstract":"The species of Conyza (Asteraceae) and their hybrids are briefly reviewed. A binomial name (x Conyzigeron stanleyi) is given for the hybrid between Erigeron acris L. and Conyza floribunda Kunth (including C. bilbaoana J. Rémy). The alien C. floribunda from South America has spread rapidly across Britain and Ireland since its initial records in 1992, and is now a common sight particularly in urban ruderal situations. Its hybrid with E. acris has now been found both in Ireland and several southern counties in England and is very likely to be found in further locations where both parents grow together.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"10 1","pages":"16 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86248486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The flora and vegetation of Shropshire","authors":"P. H. Oswald","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2016.1185304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2016.1185304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"1 1","pages":"61 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77270555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distribution and habitats of Erica mackayana and Erica × stuartii (Ericaceae): new insights and ideas regarding their origins in Ireland","authors":"M. Sheehy Skeffington, L. van Doorslaer","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1123966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1123966","url":null,"abstract":"Erica mackayana has an unusual disjunct distribution in Europe, as it occurs only in Ireland and northern Spain and is thus known as a Hiberno-Lusitanian species. In Ireland, it is confined to localised areas in the west coast counties of Donegal, Mayo, Galway, and Kerry, where it occurs in lowland, or Atlantic, blanket bog habitat. Detailed mapping, in all of the six known Irish sites, of the distribution of E. mackayana and its hybrid with E. tetralix, E. × stuartii here shown for the first time, reveals a specific pattern of occurrence especially for E. mackayana. This species very rarely occurs more than 1 km from a track or road, whereas the hybrid is more widespread throughout the adjacent bog. Since E. mackayana does not set seed in Ireland and therefore relies on vegetative propagation, its spread at any site is limited, though much increased by human activity. All the sites are in relatively remote areas near the Atlantic coast, and we suggest here that E. mackayana may well have been introduced to Ireland through trade, possibly even smuggling, of goods from northern Spain.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"53 1","pages":"164 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80743001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Fielder, P. Brotherton, J.P. Hosking, J. Hopkins, Brian Ford, N. Maxted, Bourges Boulevard, P. Brotherton, J. Hosking
{"title":"Enhancing the conservation of crop wild relatives in Wales","authors":"H. Fielder, P. Brotherton, J.P. Hosking, J. Hopkins, Brian Ford, N. Maxted, Bourges Boulevard, P. Brotherton, J. Hosking","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1123965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1123965","url":null,"abstract":"To feed the world's human population in the face of threats such as climate change, pests and diseases and land use change, crops will need to be bred which are more resilient and higher yielding. Crop wild relatives (CWR) are part of the solution to this as they contain higher levels of genetic diversity and contain beneficial traits, which can be used in crop improvement. CWR however, are also threatened and are generally poorly conserved; this is also true within Wales. Here, appropriate conservation for CWR in Wales is outlined to ensure the active and long-term maintenance of populations in situ and accessions ex situ. To achieve this, an inventory of 122 priority Welsh CWR was developed, hotspots of CWR taxon diversity were identified and a network of complementary genetic reserves was proposed. The Gower Peninsula was identified as the most taxon rich area of Wales for both common and rare/scarce CWR. Extensive gaps in ex situ collections were also identified for which further collecting is necessary. Implementation of the recommendations made will help to provide systematic and long-term conservation of CWR in Wales and will ensure this resource is available for use in crop improvement.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"42 6 1","pages":"178 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85022326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Segregation of Tilia cordata and T. platyphyllos (Malvaceae) along environmental gradients","authors":"C. Barker, M. Ashton, P. Ashton","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1123968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1123968","url":null,"abstract":"Closely related congeneric species living in sympatry raises the question of how they are separated along abiotic and biotic axes. Within northern Europe, Tilia cordata and Tilia platyphyllos are two such species. They are large, long-lived trees, often dominant members of their community, and frequently grow sympatrically. This study measured a series of edaphic and topographic variables across a number of sites and examined these via univariate and multivariate approaches to understand how the two species differed. This showed that T. cordata occupies soil with significantly greater organic carbon content and is present in areas with greater potential incident solar radiation. There was no significant difference between the two species across soil depths, acidity, moisture content or elevation above sea level. T. cordata is the more variable of the two species with regard to soil pH and soil moisture content. This is the first comprehensive account of these characters for the two species. The quantitative values obtained in this study are broadly commensurate with descriptive accounts from the literature. However, contrary to previous descriptions, no difference was observed in pH between the two species and soil nutrient levels were the inverse of those expected. This study presents potentially fruitful areas for examining potential niche separation between the two species alongside potential differences in litter leaf chemistry.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"39 1","pages":"157 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81765295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trees of Britain and Ireland","authors":"M. Parratt","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1121680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1121680","url":null,"abstract":"the particular species in relation to its ecology. In comparison with old-style listing of localities, which is here greatly reduced, it is important to recognise that a tetrad is four square kilometres; a large area to search. I have a special interest in the discovery of Sesleria caerulea in Monksdale which, with Cressbrook Dale, I surveyed in detail in 1957/8 on behalf of the then Nature Conservancy. It is a locally common grass on the north Pennine limestone, but that is 70 km distant and, unlike Geranium sylvaticum, scarcely likely to be a garden escape. Dare one suggest it was planted there (see Alchemilla alpina on p. 103), perhaps as an unrecorded experiment, or worse, as the new fashion of believing that planting of native species is conservation? Such interference may negate the value that detailed maps on this scale have in providing information on the changes in distribution of species in response to, for example, climate change. The maps for Brachypodium rupestre (syn. pinnatum), a calcicole grass at its north-western limit in Derbyshire as a common species, shows a three-fold increase in number of tetrads between Clapham’s Flora (1969) and the new Flora (2015) mostly on the Magnesian limestone, but many of the earlier records in the dales were not recorded subsequently, despite the normally aggressive behaviour of this grass. The history of the study of the flora in the third chapter illustrates not only the contribution of academic botanists in nearby universities, but also of the numerous expert amateurs who it was a delight to accompany for their field knowledge: a steel worker or industrial chemist on weekdays and a fund of knowledge on natural history at weekends. Of six more mostly short chapters, number five is outstanding and probably unique: it provides short but informative descriptions and a photograph of 55 sites scattered over the county where the richness and diversity of the flora and vegetation can be experienced. This chapter and the first are enough to make the book outstanding.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"1 1","pages":"221 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91369213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Flora of Derbyshire","authors":"D. Pigott","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1121678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1121678","url":null,"abstract":"enon which is well-documented in Berwickshire. The species accounts (chapter 7) are the author’s selection of rare and scarce species, axiophytes and intrusive neophytes, along with a few other notable species, in total 415 species. In contrast to most Floras, these are arranged not taxonomically but alphabetically by genus. These accounts mostly occupy two per page, with statistics of the frequency of the species in Britain and Berwickshire. For many species, the frequency in Britain is the higher of the two, but one can quickly pick out species of above average local significance such as Rockrose (Helianthemum nummularium) where the local frequency is higher. Each species has a map with four date classes, and concise but informative text. For more precise data one has to consult the Rare Plant Register and Botanical Site Register. It is in these highly selective and focussed species accounts where the greatest differences with traditional county Floras are apparent, but the benefits of this approach are self-evident. Following the species accounts, the remaining short chapters catalogue the decline of Berwickshire’s scarce plants, which on average are calculated at 14% per decade and described for many species as ‘disastrous’. This applies particularly to populations in the wider countryside but also significantly in SSSIs. Specific examples of important (and often ‘protected’) sites where important losses have been documented are cited, Gordon Moss being a particularly telling example. The book concludes with an excellent bibliography, supplements covering charophytes (the only group of non-vascular cryptogams included), and a very brief summary of critical genera such as Hieracium, Rubus and Taraxacum not covered in detail, and finally a full alphabetical check-list of the flora. I would rank this as one of the most important British county Floras of recent times, on account of the remarkable depth of supporting field work, data analysis and his highly informed conclusions, extremely relevant not just here but throughout the country. The author must be congratulated on his thoroughness and vision. As stated in his Botanical Site Register ‘Berwickshire is not a county with a rich flora by national or international standards. But it has much countryside that a botanist can find rewarding to visit and I would argue that it is an excellent study area for those seeking to sample the issues faced by our British flora in the face of man’s depredations’. It is to be hoped that others will seek to build on the outstanding foundations Michael has built, and continue his legacy into the future in this small corner of Scotland.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"11 1","pages":"220 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78845989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The growth of the non-native Crassula helmsii (Crassulaceae) increases the rarity scores of aquatic macrophyte assemblages in south-eastern England","authors":"T. Smith, P. Buckley","doi":"10.1080/20423489.2015.1096137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20423489.2015.1096137","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of invasive species on native species is often overlooked. Anecdotal and unmeasured evidence often gains more notice because more empirical research is not available. This study examines the impact of the aquatic invasive species Crassula helmsii (T. Kirk) Cockayne across a range of waterbody and landscape types in south-eastern England. Plant species lists were compiled for both invaded and uninvaded sites. Scoring systems using both national and county level indices were used to give a measurement of species rarity. The results showed both how invasion has not caused reductions in native species diversity, and also how species assemblages have been altered, often favouring rarer species. Explanations for these findings are discussed. Limitations of the findings, including translation to other species and to other geographical areas, are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":19229,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Botany","volume":"2 1","pages":"192 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89441653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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