{"title":"A covert communication system using an optimized wideband chaotic carrier","authors":"N. Reddell, T. Welch, E. M. Bollt","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179673","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the advantages of designing a communication system. based on chaos by using digital signal processing techniques. Existing work developing chaotic communication schemes has been done on a theoretical basis or in component based electrical circuits that are not as flexible, particularly for research. Our work takes a unique technological approach towards exploring the benefits of chaos. We use discrete methods to implement chaotic dynamical systems. Most of our current results are from MATLAB simulations, but we are working towards implementing chaos on digital signal processors (DSP). These high-speed processors produce a chaotic carrier through flexible software algorithms. The use of discrete methods allows for schemes that outperform earlier systems. We demonstrate a new dual synchronizing response system that exploits the ability to store samples over an entire bit period and then perform an intelligent comparison. Our results show better bit error probability in comparison to previously published chaotic techniques. We introduce a method and algorithms for improving the bit error performance of our scheme by systematically searching for better parameter sets.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125357395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Serially concatenated convolutional coding for frequency-hopped PSK in partial-band jamming","authors":"W. Phoel","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179569","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents results on the performance of the serial concatenation of a convolutional code and differentially encoded phase-shift keying (PSK) in the presence of partial-band white-noise jamming. Frequency hopping is used to combat the effects of the jamming. We assume that the carrier phase is constant over a hop, but varies randomly from hop to hop. An expanded trellis-based demodulator, which assumes a quantized phase offset, is used to provide nearly coherent performance. Iterative demodulation and decoding provides excellent performance at relatively low E/sub b//N/sub 0/. A fixed block length is considered to limit the delay and processing requirements. We show that, consequently, there is a trade-off between nearly coherent reception and antijam (AJ) protection. That is, more symbols per hop provide better performance when the phase offset is unknown, but having more hops per code block enables better protection from jamming.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"9 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125721024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An adaptive-transmission protocol for direct-sequence spread-spectrum packet radio networks","authors":"F. J. Block, M. Pursley","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179584","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless communication channels may change greatly from one transmission to the next due to variations in propagation loss and interference. The use of fixed transmission parameters for such channels results in wasted energy when channel conditions are good. Adaptation of the power, code rate, and symbol rate reduces energy consumption and interference caused to other systems. Such adaptation requires information about the characteristics of the channel, which is more difficult to obtain in a packet radio network or other mobile ad hoc network than in a typical cellular communication system. We present techniques to provide partial information about the channel state, and we describe and evaluate a protocol that uses this information to adapt the transmission parameters in a direct-sequence spread-spectrum packet radio network. The channel-state information consists of three statistics that are derived in different subsystems of the receiver. From these statistics, the receiver extracts information about the channel conditions which is provided to the transmitter in an acknowledgment packet or control packet. The performance of the adaptive-transmission protocol is compared to a system with fixed transmission parameters and to an adaptive protocol that is furnished with perfect knowledge of the channel state at the completion of each transmission.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128072877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhuochuan Huang, Chien-Chung Shen, C. Srisathapornphat, C. Jaikaeo
{"title":"A busy-tone based directional MAC protocol for ad hoc networks","authors":"Zhuochuan Huang, Chien-Chung Shen, C. Srisathapornphat, C. Jaikaeo","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179655","url":null,"abstract":"In mobile wireless ad hoc networking environments, such as the future combat system (FCS), the shared wireless communication medium is an inherently limited resource and is collision prone. In this paper, we propose to adapt the dual busy tone multiple access (DBTMA) protocol for use with directional antennas, which further increases effective channel capacity. In contrast to other directional antenna based MAC protocols, our protocol, termed DBTMA/DA, is capable of reserving channel capacity in finer grain without relying on extra locationing support. A simulation study is performed to demonstrate the better network performance of DBTMA/DA over DBTMA and the IEEE 802.11a MAC protocols.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127356421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Belisle, C. Auger, Jing Peng, M. Phisel, M. Delorey
{"title":"Bandwidth management of MilSatCom links for multimedia network traffic","authors":"C. Belisle, C. Auger, Jing Peng, M. Phisel, M. Delorey","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1180411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1180411","url":null,"abstract":"With the digitization of the battlefield, there is a need to establish an efficient worldwide wireless network infrastructure that offers timely and accurate command, control and intelligence information. A terrestrial infrastructure is frequently not a viable option due to the mobility requirements of deployed units and the hostile terrain in which they must often operate. In contrast, satellites can potentially provide an essential component of this global grid. Unfortunately, terrestrial network protocols do not behave well over satellite links, and military satellites have not yet been designed to support multimedia network traffic efficiently, both of which result in poor response times and low bandwidth usage. The expected performance of multimedia traffic supported over military satellites is analyzed. Application response time and bandwidth usage are used as a measure of performance in a simulation environment. Simulation results are given, and a number of improvements, such as enhancements to the TCP stack and dynamic bandwidth management techniques, are proposed.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123690045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-class packet reservation multiple access, motivations and design","authors":"S. Taha, M. Kavehrad","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179644","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction between quality-of-service, service disciplines, pricing, and revenue has been an interesting issue that needs more research and analysis. In this paper, a framework for comparing multi-class architectures is developed, in an attempt to contribute to a better understanding of the problem. A simple two-class packet reservation multiple access (PRMA) architecture is proposed as an example of an efficient multi-class architecture. Performance analysis and simulation results are presented to prove the superiority of two-class PRMA over the classical single-class PRMA.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121978371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COTS satellite-terrestrial broadcast system for deployed communications","authors":"R. Segura","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1180436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1180436","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a prototype system that demonstrates the joint use of COTS digital video broadcast (DVB) technology and military-grade IP encryption devices for providing high speed networking overlays to terrestrial wide area networks (WAN). The system exploits both satellite and terrestrial versions of the DVB standards to transmit and relay wideband data broadcasts to strategic, deployed and mobile users. Prototyping in this area is motivated by NATO's requirements for a system capable of simultaneously distributing large volumes of information at very high transfer rates to deployed forces. The satellite-terrestrial broadcast system (SBS) makes exclusive use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software, and fully relies on open standards. Military-grade IP encryption devices secure the wideband link for both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint satellite and terrestrial broadcast data transfers. Organic narrowband communications channels are adopted to carry return traffic upstream, under a highly asymmetric network configuration. Asymmetric networking techniques enable end-to-end services between content providers and information consumers over the split path configuration. A terrestrial extension of the system based on digital terrestrial TV technology enables reception of the broadcast streams by mobile users, in both land and maritime environments.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122149027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Loop control architectures for symbol timing synchronization in sampled data receivers","authors":"M. Rice, F. Harris","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179609","url":null,"abstract":"Symbol timing synchronization is an important component in a receiver designed to recover data from a digitally modulated waveform. Current trends favor sampled data architectures to perform the synchronization, matched filtering, and detection required to recover the data. Symbol timing synchronizers in sampled data receivers differ from their continuous-time counterparts: the functionality in a sampled data receiver is as an adaptive interpolator as opposed to a sample and hold. This paper explores architectures that can be used for loop control (i.e. adjustment of the fractional interpolation interval) by contrasting and comparing three different methods using numerically controlled oscillators. Assuming the Nyquist sampling rate is N samples/symbol, the first method operates at MN samples/symbol where M is an upsample factor. The second method operates at N samples/symbol. It is shown that these two methods automatically compensate for misadjustments between the sample clock and symbol clock frequencies. The third method operates at 1 sample/symbol. In this case, we show that auxiliary control must also be included to adjust the clocking of data into the filter bank to account for small differences in the sample clock and the data clock.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131619412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JTRS applications to DoD programs: technology and implementation","authors":"D. M. Cooper, R. Prill, G. Horihan","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1179692","url":null,"abstract":"(U) This paper summarizes advancements and lessons learned in the application of the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) Software Communications Architecture (SCA) to software radios, wireless networks and wideband waveforms. It provides a brief overview of the SCA and its application to emerging radio systems. It provides insight into implementation issues in the development of programmable radios and discusses applicability, above 2 GHz and at high data rates required by future networked systems. Specific areas are discussed that are critical in the development of deployable systems and include: (1) processor loads required to implement both low latency networked systems and legacy waveforms;.(2) National Security Agency (NSA) verification of a SCA-compliant radio; (3) boot-up time; (4) portability of firmware for waveforms implemented in field programmable gate arrays; and lastly (5) a waveform description language is described that is being developed to address firmware portability in SCA and non-SCA programmable radios.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126306377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TCP congestion control in shared satellite environments","authors":"K. Scott, P. Feighery, B. Crow, M. Jurik","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1180412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.2002.1180412","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the use of a transparent TCP gateway to improve the performance of applications operating in a shared secure satellite environment. Typically, a satellite gateway is installed at each end of the satellite link, and the gateways process all traffic traversing the link. With the proliferation of virtual private network (VPN) technologies, multiple encrypted tunnels can be established over a satellite link. If transparent TCP gateways are used to optimize application performance, a pair of gateways are required at the egress points of each tunnel. Many TCP gateways perform poorly in this situation because they do not implement congestion control on their 'satellite' sides, resulting in network congestion between the sending gateways and the satellite uplink. Our approach is to use Space Communications Protocol Standards (SCPS) transparent transport layer gateways, which are capable of implementing a variety of congestion control schemes on their terrestrial and satellite sides. By using a variant of the TCP Vegas congestion control algorithm, the gateways can communicate indirectly (by detecting changes in packet round-trip times) to efficiently share the satellite bandwidth. Results show that this improves performance over end-to-end TCP without congesting the network between the gateways and the uplink as would pure rate-control.","PeriodicalId":191931,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 2002. Proceedings","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125687590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}