NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience最新文献_第4页

Cognitive, Anticholinesterase and Anti-Oxidative Potentials of Zingiber officinale Rhizome Extracts against Aluminium Chloride-Induced Neurotoxicity in Swiss Mice 生姜提取物抗氯化铝神经毒性的认知、抗胆碱酯酶和抗氧化作用

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.47081/njn2022.13.1/004

U. Inwang, Koofreh Davies, S. Ita, Moses B. Ekong, A. Nwaji, A. Asuquo, I. Umoren

{"title":"Cognitive, Anticholinesterase and Anti-Oxidative Potentials of Zingiber officinale Rhizome Extracts against Aluminium Chloride-Induced Neurotoxicity in Swiss Mice","authors":"U. Inwang, Koofreh Davies, S. Ita, Moses B. Ekong, A. Nwaji, A. Asuquo, I. Umoren","doi":"10.47081/njn2022.13.1/004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2022.13.1/004","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminium neurotoxicity is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, which is marked by progressive memory loss, cognitive impairment and structural degeneration, leading to complete incapacitation. Formation of excess reactive oxygen species causes oxidative stress, which is the hallmark of aluminium toxicity. A quest to counteract these pathologies led to investigating Zingiber officinale (ZO) extracts on cognitive and anti-oxidative potentials against aluminium chloride (AlCl3)-induced neurotoxicity in Swiss mice. The oral lethal dose of ZO was estimated as 4,743 mg/kg. Forty-eight adult female Swiss mice of weight 21-27 g were then assigned to eight groups (n=6): Group 1 were the control (40 mL/kg distilled water), while groups 2-8 were respectively, administered AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) alone, and with Donepezil (2.5 mg/kg), ZO ethanol extract (474, 949 and 1,423 mg/kg), ZO dichloromethane (949 mg/kg), and ZO methanol (949 mg/kg) extracts for 21 days. The classic labyrinth test was carried out subsequently, the animals sacrificed, and their brain homogenized for biochemical assay. There was a significantly (p<0.05) increased latency to complete the labyrinth test by the AlCl3 group compared with the control. The ZO extracts treated groups had decreased latency to complete the labyrinth test, and these were significant (p<0.05) in the 949 and 1,423 mg/kg ethanol extract groups. Biochemically, AlCl3 significantly (p<0.05) elevated acetyl cholinesterase and malondialdehyde levels, while reducing superoxide dismutase activity: These adverse effects were reversed significantly (p<0.05) following treatment with extracts of ZO. In conclusion, ZO ethanol extract and its dichloromethane and methanol fractions improved cognitive activities, and possessed anticholinesterase, anti-oxidant and neuroprotective potentials.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88521190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Effects of Eugenol on Aluminium Chloride-Induced Neurotoxicity in Wistar Rats 丁香酚对氯化铝致Wistar大鼠神经毒性的免疫调节和抗氧化作用

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.47081/njn2022.13.1/003

S. Mesole, Uthman Yusuf, A. Okpanachi, E. Godam, N. Bumbangi, Abdulrazak Animoku

{"title":"Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Effects of Eugenol on Aluminium Chloride-Induced Neurotoxicity in Wistar Rats","authors":"S. Mesole, Uthman Yusuf, A. Okpanachi, E. Godam, N. Bumbangi, Abdulrazak Animoku","doi":"10.47081/njn2022.13.1/003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2022.13.1/003","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminium and its compounds when taken orally can have negative impacts on a variety of enzymes leading to neurotoxicity. Apurinic endonuclease 1 (APE-1), a protein that performs multiple functions, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair, is essential for cell survival. Thus, the determination of APE-1 with aluminium chloride (AlCl3) induced neuro-inflammation in Wistar rats was performed in this study. Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each with six animals. Group 1 received 100 mg/kg AlCl3 orally, Group 2 received 150 mg/kg eugenol, Group 3 received both 100 mg/kg AlCl3 and 150 mg/kg eugenol, and Group 4 received 0.8 ml/kg distilled water. Rats were euthanized after eight weeks, and brain tissues were homogenized and analysed. Oral administration of AlCl3 resulted in significant (p<0.01) decreased APE-1, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and amyloid beta-40 (Aβ-40), and significant (p<0.01) increased tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), myeloperoxidase, and nitric oxide (NO). Co-administration of AlCl3 and eugenol significantly increased (p<0.01) APE-1, Aβ-40 and SOD, while significantly decreasing (p<0.01) TNF-α, IL-1, iNOS and MPO levels. Our findings suggest that eugenol, by targeting these most potent hallmarks of neurodegeneration could be an effective alternative in its treatment.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"607 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77615656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ameliorative Effect of Prosopis africana Seed Extract on Cobalt Chloride Induced Cerebellar Toxicity: Neurobehavioural, Histomorphological and Biochemical Findings 非洲藜籽提取物对氯化钴诱导的小脑毒性的改善作用:神经行为学、组织形态学和生化研究结果

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.47081/njn2022.13.1/002

Rademene S. Oria, K. Obeten, Amaku Etetim, Paul Mgbolu, Glory Ikoku, O. Ijomone

{"title":"Ameliorative Effect of Prosopis africana Seed Extract on Cobalt Chloride Induced Cerebellar Toxicity: Neurobehavioural, Histomorphological and Biochemical Findings","authors":"Rademene S. Oria, K. Obeten, Amaku Etetim, Paul Mgbolu, Glory Ikoku, O. Ijomone","doi":"10.47081/njn2022.13.1/002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2022.13.1/002","url":null,"abstract":"Cobalt toxicity from industrial exposure and medical metal prosthesis has been linked to neurological problems such as motor dysfunction. The goal of this study was to find out whether Prosopis africana (PA) seed extract had ameliorative effects on the cerebellum of adult Wistar rats exposed to cobalt chloride (CoCl2). 60 male Wistar rats were grouped into 4 (n=15). Rats were treated with CoCl2 or CoCl2 in combination with PA seed extract (PAE) at 50mg or 100mg orally for 14 days. Control rats received distilled water for the same period. The findings showed that CoCl2 caused neurobehavioural impairment in rats by reducing exploratory activities, increasing anxiety, and significantly (p<0.05) reducing hanging latency along with a low limb impairment score. Co-treatment with PAE on the other hand, enhanced these parameters to levels comparable to control, reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in cerebellar tissues, while also improving superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. Furthermore, PAE50mg or 100mg significantly (p<0.05) reduced proinflammatory biomarkers such as Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α). In the histology and immunohistochemistry, CoCl2 treated groups showed severe cytoplasmic vacuolations and nuclei fragmentation in Purkinje neurons, as well as elevated astrocytic expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), which was alleviated by PAE therapy. Thus, when PAE was administered, cerebellar Purkinje cell integrity was improved, antioxidant status was boosted, and lipid peroxidation in the cerebellum was suppressed. Hence, PAE ameliorated CoCl2 induced alterations by reducing oxidative stress, enhancing anti-oxidant enzyme status and decreasing inflammation.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74513124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Comparative Antiseizure Activities of Some Branded and Generic Antiepileptic Drugs in a Nigerian City 尼日利亚某城市一些品牌和非专利抗癫痫药的抗癫痫活动比较

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-01-04 DOI: 10.47081/njn2022.13.4/001

J. Ya’u, A. Salihu, Shuaibu Aliyu, M. Usman, N. Danjuma, I. Abdu-Aguye

{"title":"Comparative Antiseizure Activities of Some Branded and Generic Antiepileptic Drugs in a Nigerian City","authors":"J. Ya’u, A. Salihu, Shuaibu Aliyu, M. Usman, N. Danjuma, I. Abdu-Aguye","doi":"10.47081/njn2022.13.4/001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2022.13.4/001","url":null,"abstract":"Branded antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are expensive, and in developing countries, cheaper generic equivalents may be used interchangeably. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the antiseizure activities of some available branded and generic AEDs in mice. The physicochemical properties of four generic and branded AEDs (carbamazepine, CAB; sodium valproate, SVP; phenytoin, PHY, and phenobarbitone, PHB) were determined according to pharmacopoeial methods. The organoleptic proper-ties, tablet hardness and thickness of the samples were also assessed. The anticonvulsant effect of AEDs was determined using maximal electroshock (MES) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizure. The samples of AEDs showed uniformly comparable organoleptic properties. The active moiety content for all the samples fell within the acceptable ranges stipulated in the official compendia. A significant statistical difference (p≤0.05) in disintegration time existed between two generic formulations of PHB, PHB01 (4.62±1.17 min), and PHB02 (1.40±0.26 min). Similarly, a significant statistical difference (p≤0.05) in hardness (10.40±0.15 kgF vs 5.61±0.03 kgF) and disintegration time (4.65±0.49 min vs 0.64±0.30 min) was observed between the two brands of CAB (CAB02 and CAB03 respectively). No significant statistical difference exists in mean recovery time between control (5.70±0.72 min) and treatment groups (CAB01, 6.50±0.65 min) in the MEST. In the PTZ test, there was a significant (p≤0.001) difference in the mean onset of clonic spasm between control (10.03±0.75 min) and PHB, PHB01 (17.50±0.99 min) 30 min post-treatment. In conclusion, no significant variation in the physicochemical and antiseizure activity of branded and generic formulations of AEDs was observed","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84199512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ameliorative Effects of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis Aqueous Leaf Extract on the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of N,N′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride-Induced Parkinson’s Disease in Adult Wistar Rats 牙买加水青叶提取物对N,N ' -二甲基-4,4 ' -二氯化联吡啶诱导的成年Wistar大鼠帕金森病海马和前额皮质的改善作用

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.47081/njn2022.12.3/s

H. Akpan, E. M. Adesegun, M. Adebola, M. Onasanya, J. Enya, M. Amadi

{"title":"Ameliorative Effects of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis Aqueous Leaf Extract on the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of N,N′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride-Induced Parkinson’s Disease in Adult Wistar Rats","authors":"H. Akpan, E. M. Adesegun, M. Adebola, M. Onasanya, J. Enya, M. Amadi","doi":"10.47081/njn2022.12.3/s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2022.12.3/s","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the world’s second neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s dise-ase, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons is the hallmark. This novel management approach for Parkinson’s disease with Stachytarpheta jamaic-ensis was to assess the role of leaf extract on the histological and morphological properties of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in Paraquat-induced Parkinson’s disease. Twenty-eight adult Wistar rats of both sexes (180 - 240g) were assigned to four groups: N,N′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dichloride (Paraquat, P), Paraquat and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (PSJ), only S. jamaicensis (SJ) and control (CTR). Animals were allowed water and food ad libitum throughout, and the weights were taken periodically. Parkinson’s-like disease was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 8.4 mg/kg body weight of Paraquat twice weekly for three weeks in the P and PSJ groups; The PSJ further received SJ aqueous leaf extract for another two weeks. Neurobehavioural assessment using Barnes maze for spatial learning and memory was carried out. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment, and brain specimens were excised and processed for histological and biochemical analyses of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The results showed that paraquat caused the degeneration of pyramidal and granular neurons, as well as dysfunctional output of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. There was a significant loss of dopaminergic neurons mainly in the P group. On the other hand, SJ leaf extract preserved most of the neurons. In conclusion, SJ leaf extract produced observable positive effects on the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the paraquat-induced Parkinson’s disease model.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78841014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurocognitive and Neuroarchitectural Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex of Wistar Rats Treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy 高活性抗逆转录病毒治疗后Wistar大鼠前额皮质神经认知和神经结构的改变

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.47081/njn2021.12.2/004

O. Dosumu, E. Akang, E. Edem, Samuel Afolayan, A. Akanmu

{"title":"Neurocognitive and Neuroarchitectural Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex of Wistar Rats Treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy","authors":"O. Dosumu, E. Akang, E. Edem, Samuel Afolayan, A. Akanmu","doi":"10.47081/njn2021.12.2/004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2021.12.2/004","url":null,"abstract":"The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has proven to be highly effective in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, its impact on cognition has not been fully explored. This study was designed to assess the impacts of antiretroviral therapy on cognitive function and histoarchitecture of the prefrontal cortex of Wistar rats. Forty adult male Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control, tenofovir, lamivudine and efavirenz (n=10), which received 1 ml distilled water and 6 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg, respectively. Spatial memory scores were assessed using the Y-maze test. Following behavioural studies, the animals were euthanized, and their whole brains harvested. The prefrontal cortex was sectioned and processed for oxidative stress, histological and immunohistochemical analyses. There was a significant decrease in percentage alternation evaluated from the right/wrong decisions scored from the tenofovir and lamivudine groups, compared to the control group (p<0.05). malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were elevated following lamivudine and tenofovir exposure in the rats’ prefrontal cortices, respectively, compared to control (p<0.05). There were also significant alterations of cortical pyramidal cells in the tenofovir and lamivudine groups. Additionally, marked astrogliosis with increased glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was observed, consistent with the structural alterations, especially in the lamivudine group. Our findings suggest that, of the three highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) drugs studied, lamivudine may be a major culprit in the progressive neurological damage and cognitive impairment in HIV-infected individuals on HAART.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88718370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Effects of Allium sativum on the Prefrontal Cortex in Lithium Chloride Pilocarpine-Induced Epilepsy in Wistar Rat 研究大蒜对氯化锂匹洛卡品致癫痫大鼠前额皮质的影响

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.47081/njn2021.12.2/003

S. Olatunji, P. Ogunnaike, J. Owolabi, A. Abijo, A. Alabi, S. Adelodun, J. Olanrewaju, Adeola Adelabi

{"title":"Investigating the Effects of Allium sativum on the Prefrontal Cortex in Lithium Chloride Pilocarpine-Induced Epilepsy in Wistar Rat","authors":"S. Olatunji, P. Ogunnaike, J. Owolabi, A. Abijo, A. Alabi, S. Adelodun, J. Olanrewaju, Adeola Adelabi","doi":"10.47081/njn2021.12.2/003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2021.12.2/003","url":null,"abstract":"The prefrontal cortex (PFC), mediating executive brain functions is impaired in epilepsy. Allium sativum (AS) anti-seizure potential on the PFC of experimentally-induced epilepsy was investigated. Forty-eight male Wistar rats (200-250g) were randomized into six groups. Control (2mL/kg distilled water); AS only (100mg/kg); LiCl+PC (lithium chloride, 127mg/kg, and pilocarpine, 30mg/kg); LiCl+PC+AS100mg/kg and LiCl+PC+AS300mg/kg received LiCl+PC and 100mg/kg AS and 300mg/kg AS respectively; LiCl+PC+SV received LiCl+PC and sodium valproate (10mg/kg). Treatments lasted for 21 days, behavioural tests then preceded sacrifice. Brain tissues were excised, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for demonstration of PFC cytoarchitecture and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. Neurotransmitters were also assayed. Walling and rearing frequencies reduced significantly (p<0.05) in the LiCl+PC group compared to control. Glutamate and acetylcholine levels increased in all groups except AS only, while gamma-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine levels increased in the LiCl+PC+AS100mg/kg, LiCl+PC+AS300mg/kg and LiCl+PC+SV groups compared to the control. Cytochrome C oxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities significantly increased (p<0.05) in all groups, while nitric oxide levels increased in the LiCl+PC+AS300mg/kg and LiCl+PC+SV groups compared to the control. Cytoarchitecturally, the LiCl+PC PFC showed neurodegenerative features, increased GFAP expression, while the treated groups showed preserved neurons and mild astrogliosis. Conclusively, AS showed neuroprotective potentials against LiCl+PC-induced neuronal degeneration, mitigated reactive PFC astrogliosis. However, AS did not lower glutamate and other neurotransmitter levels.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85555525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Ascorbic Acid Supplementation Attenuates Hippocampal Neuronal Damage in Orchiectomized Rats 补充抗坏血酸可减轻去睾丸大鼠海马神经元损伤

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.47081/njn2021.12.2/001

T. Abayomi, O. Tokunbo, Mercy Oyetunti, Emmanuel O. Yawson, O. Abayomi, Oluwayemisi D. Ogunrinde

{"title":"Ascorbic Acid Supplementation Attenuates Hippocampal Neuronal Damage in Orchiectomized Rats","authors":"T. Abayomi, O. Tokunbo, Mercy Oyetunti, Emmanuel O. Yawson, O. Abayomi, Oluwayemisi D. Ogunrinde","doi":"10.47081/njn2021.12.2/001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2021.12.2/001","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the bidirectional relationship in the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with testosterone deprivation and cognitive activities has become a high-priority goal. Testosterone has been shown to have effects in the nervous system, ranging from targeting gene expression to modulating neurotransmission. This study therefore evaluated the modulatory role of ascorbic acid in the hippocampus of orchiectomized rats. Twenty-one adult male Wistar rats with an average weight of 170g±10g were randomly assigned into three groups of seven rats each; the control, orchiectomized (orchiectomy+flutamide, 11 mg/kg body weight, bw), and ascorbic acid (orchiectomy+flutamide, 11 mg/kg bw + ascorbic acid, 100 mg/kg bw). Treatment was by oral gavage and lasted for 30 days. Nitrosative stress and neuroinflammatory analysis, hormonal, histological and immunohistochemical expression of astrocytes in the hippocampus were examined. Results showed significantly increased expression of acetylcholinesterase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and tumour necrotic factor-alpha in the hippocampus of orchiectomized animals. There was altered cytoarchitectural morphology evidenced by reduced Nissl profiles in neuronal axons and dendrites, which corresponded to apoptotic changes, and increased expression of reactive astrocytes suggesting neuronal damage. Nitrosative stress and inflammatory perturbations were well modulated in animals treated with ascorbic acid with unaltered hippocampal morphology. The results indicated that decline in brain androgen activities caused inflammatory and oxidative stress-driven alterations in the hippocampus, while ascorbic acid supplementation offered therapeutic value by modulating neurochemicals and scavenging free radicals in the hippocampus.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90939422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic Administration of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill Causes Prefrontal Cortical Oxidative Stress in Female Wistar Rats 长期服用复方口服避孕药引起雌性Wistar大鼠前额皮质氧化应激

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.47081/njn2021.12.2/002

B. Ajilore, O. S. Olorunnisola, T. Oluwadairo, O. Fadahunsi, P. Adegbola

{"title":"Chronic Administration of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill Causes Prefrontal Cortical Oxidative Stress in Female Wistar Rats","authors":"B. Ajilore, O. S. Olorunnisola, T. Oluwadairo, O. Fadahunsi, P. Adegbola","doi":"10.47081/njn2021.12.2/002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2021.12.2/002","url":null,"abstract":"Combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) is used by women to prevent ovulation. This study investigated toxicological effects of COCP on the brain of female rats. Fifteen rats were divided at random into three groups (n=5): Normal control, and first and second cycles treated orally with COCP (0.04 μg/kg bwt of ethinyl oestradiol and 2 μg/kg bwt levonorgestrel) daily for 21 and 42 days respectively. Toxicological effect of treatment on the brain was assessed in the prefrontal cortical acetylcholinesterase, sodium/potassium-ATPase (Na+/K+-ATPase), superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione levels. Histomorphological examination of the prefrontal cortex of the rats in all the groups was carried out. Activities of cortical Na+/K+-ATPase, acetylcholinesterase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly (p<0.05) reduced following chronic administration of COCP. Histomorphological study of the pre-frontal cortex showed large pyramidal neurons, pyknotic pyramidal neurons, condensed nuclei and increased perineural spaces. Results showed that chronic administration of oral contraceptive caused prefrontal cortical oxidative stress by repressing activities of antioxidant enzymes, Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87144438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effects of Eugenol on Formaldehyde Induced Neurotoxicity in Wistar Rats 丁香酚对甲醛致Wistar大鼠神经毒性的神经保护作用评价

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.47081/njn2020.11.2/002

S. Mesole, Omachonu Okpanachi, S. Adebisi, Uthman Yusuf, E. Godam, C. Chisunka, A. Ivang, A. Abdulrazaq, T. Kolawole

{"title":"Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effects of Eugenol on Formaldehyde Induced Neurotoxicity in Wistar Rats","authors":"S. Mesole, Omachonu Okpanachi, S. Adebisi, Uthman Yusuf, E. Godam, C. Chisunka, A. Ivang, A. Abdulrazaq, T. Kolawole","doi":"10.47081/njn2020.11.2/002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47081/njn2020.11.2/002","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, Formaldehyde (FA) has been linked to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and cognitive decline. However limited numbers of studies have shown the effect of eugenol on FA induced toxicity in Wistar rats. Therefore this study aimed at investigating the effects of eugenol on the FA induced toxicity in Wistar rats. A total of twenty male Wistar rats where divided into four groups: (Group I. 150 mg/kg eugenol; Group II, 5 mg/kg FA; Group III, 150 mg/kg eugenol + 5 mg/kg FA; Group IV/control, 2ml/kg distilled water) for thirty days. FA and eugenol were administered orally. Rats were humanely sacrificed under 0.8 mg/kg ketamine anaesthesia administered intraperitoneally. Cognitive tests using Morris water maze and Novel object recognition test were carried out, Oxidative stress parameters, acetylcholine activity and histometric analysis of hippocampal Cornu Ammonis (CA 1 and 3) pyramidal neuronal cells. Administration of FA resulted in significant (p<0.05) increased activity of malondialdehyde (MDA), intra-mitochondrial accumulation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), reduced activity level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and acetylcholine levels. However co-administration of eugenol and FA resulted in significant (p<0.05) enhancement of cognitive ability and also significantly (p<0.05) reduced MDA and 8-OHdG levels, and increased SOD and acetylcholine levels. Our results indicate that eugenol would provide therapeutic value against FA induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairments.","PeriodicalId":19166,"journal":{"name":"NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience","volume":"425 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84947140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1