{"title":"An Improved Side Scan Sonar Image Processing Framework for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation","authors":"Chuyue Peng, Shuangshuang Fan, Xiao Cheng, Yingjie Cao, Guangxian Zeng","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491339","url":null,"abstract":"Side-scan sonar (SSS) is placed great expectations to support Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) in self-localization. Current research focuses on feature-based navigation solutions of which the foundation is data association. However, underwater acoustic image processing technique is still unmatured to produce high-quality SSS image and realize accurate registration. This paper presents an SSS image processing framework implemented in an autonomous workflow to provide real-time navigation information. Canny edge detector-based bottom tracking and improved Retinex-based gray level correction are two key algorithms in it. Canny edge detector takes waterfall image as objective, utilizing the information of not only the single ping but also its surrounding pings, which increases the accuracy and stability of sea bottom line extraction. Improved Retinex with Time Variant Gain (TVG) compensation remedies the shortage of attenuation trend correction. Combined with geometric correction module and registration module, an internally coherent framework is proposed to support AUV navigation.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125951816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scott Mayberry, Junkai Wang, Qiuyang Tao, Fumin Zhang, Aijun Song, Xiao Hong, Shuai Dong, Connor Webb, D. Dugaev, Zheng Peng
{"title":"First Step Towards μNet: Open-Access Aquatic Testbeds and Robotic Ecosystem","authors":"Scott Mayberry, Junkai Wang, Qiuyang Tao, Fumin Zhang, Aijun Song, Xiao Hong, Shuai Dong, Connor Webb, D. Dugaev, Zheng Peng","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491322","url":null,"abstract":"Aquatic-based research requires a special set of facilities, expertise, and supporting personnel, all of which are costly and often not accessible to small research groups. A shared research infrastructure, particularly testbeds and open-access software, would lower the barrier to entry, decrease implementation time, and mitigate the risk of failure in harsh underwater environments. We have made the first step towards developing μNet, an open-access aquatic testbed and robotic ecosystem addressing the need for shared infrastructure. Our contributions include the initial steps towards an indoor testbed, an outdoor testbed, and an open-access software suite.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114610706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on Multiple-input multiple-output spread spectrum underwater acoustic communication∗","authors":"Pengyu Du, Chao Wang, Xiaohui Zhu","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491346","url":null,"abstract":"The main interference in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) underwater acoustic communication (UAC) system is co-channel interference (CoI). MIMO time reversal mirror (TRM) processing is a common method to suppress CoI. In this paper, based on MIMO TRM processing, a MIMO frequency domain equalization (FDE) method is proposed. By designing a focus shield weight vector in the frequency domain and multiplying the received signal, the undesired signal interference in MIMO system can be set to zero and cancelled, thus improving the decoding performance of the desired signal. The simulation results show that the proposed MIMO FDE method is significantly better than the MIMO TRM method when there is a large difference in the received signal power.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129829878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Underwater Acoustic Modem with High Precision Ranging Capability based on Cesium Atomic Clock","authors":"Jiaheng Li, F. Tong, Yi Yang, Zhiqiang Hu","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491361","url":null,"abstract":"Integration of underwater acoustic communication and ranging is extensively needed in practical underwater applications. As the traditional underwater ranging system depends on the time accuracy of the local system, long-term work will unavoidably lead to system clock drift and serious degradation of ranging accuracy. In addition, the adverse characteristic of underwater acoustic channel such as multipath, time variations, and noise also pose severe challenges to the quality of underwater acoustic communication and ranging capability. In this paper, by incorporating the high-precision cesium atomic clock and the robust spread spectrum technology, a spread spectrum acoustic modem with high precision ranging capability is developed. The pool experiment results show that within 60 mins of working hours, the modem is able to achieve an absolute error of 1.0907 m.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130396515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Trust Model for UASNs Based on Link Assessment and Prediction","authors":"Suya Ma, Hehe Zhang, Rong Fan, Yishan Su","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491360","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of dynamic underwater acoustic communication link will affect the accuracy of trust calculation, and poor quality link has a negative impact on the trust of normal nodes. To solve this problem, the trust model in this paper proposes a trust update strategy based on link assessment. The method of trust evaluation is based on whether the link is reliable. And, a markov chain based trust prediction method is introduced to predict the trust of nodes when the link is unreliable. Simulation results show that the proposed trust model can improve the detection rate of malicious nodes.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131825931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoyu Yang, F. Tong, Zhengliang Zhu, Jiaheng Li, J. Yao
{"title":"Adaptive frequency hopping underwater acoustic communication system based on channel quality factor","authors":"Xiaoyu Yang, F. Tong, Zhengliang Zhu, Jiaheng Li, J. Yao","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491347","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the adverse time-space-frequency selective fading characteristics of underwater acoustic channel, it is difficult to balance the high speed and the robustness of underwater information transmission from the perspective of long-term marine environmental monitoring. An adaptive frequency hopping (FH) underwater acoustic communication (UAC) scheme based on channel quality factor is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, the channel quality factor (CQF) is defined as the weighted sum of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and multipath spread to quantitatively evaluate the channel quality. By setting two type of FH modes, i.e., high data rate mode and high reliability mode, the channel quality factor is calculated through the signal demodulation process to facilitate adjustment of frequency hopping mode switching. Field trial performed in Wuyuan bay show that the proposed adaptive FH UAC scheme can adapt to the time variations of shallow water channel, by selecting the appropriate communication mode to match the channel, and achieving a balance between the communication efficiency and reliability.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131190953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of Underwater Sensor Data Acquisition and Processing System for UWSNs","authors":"Yiqing Lu, Guolin Wang, Shanshan Song, Zi-yan Chen, Tingting Yang, Jun-hong Cui","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491329","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater sensor data acquisition is vatal for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs), such as marine environment monitoring, ecological protection, and hydrological surveys. Compared with terrestrial environments, marine environments are more complex and changeable, which impose great challenges to acquire underwater sensor data. However, existing studies are still theoretical, lack of research that has been applied to actual underwater wireless sensor networks. In this paper, an underwater sensor data acquisition and processing system for UWSNs is proposed to decrease communication costs and improve communication efficiency. We first design the system architecture for underwater sensor data acquisition and processing, includes Conductance, Temperature, Depth(CTD data), optical images, and sonar data. Then we propose specific-designed method to process the raw data for UWSNs to decrease communication costs, which can also guarantee data availability. In the real 20-nodes sea experiments, our system is shown to be efficient for underwater data acquisition and processing.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116399432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MIF: Optimizing Information Freshness in Intermittently Connected Sensor Networks","authors":"Howard Luu, Hung L. Ngo, Bin Tang, M. Beheshti","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491338","url":null,"abstract":"We study how to maximize information freshness in intermittently connected sensor networks (ICSNs). ICSNs are emerging sensing applications and systems that are deployed in challenging environments (e.g., underwater exploration). Due to the inaccessibility of the environments, the newly generated data in ICSNs must be stored inside the network before uploading opportunities (e.g., autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs)) become available. How to accurately quantify and effectively achieve the freshness of information stored in ICSNs pose a new challenge. We propose an algorithmic framework, referred to as MIF: maximization of information freshness, to maximize the freshness of data packets stored in ICSNs while incurring a minimum amount of energy cost in this process. We first formulate an integer linear programming (ILP) problem to solve MIF optimally. We then propose a more time-efficient greedy algorithm. Finally, simulation results show that our algorithms achieve information freshness for ICSNs under different network parameters while incurring minimum energy consumptions.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125286704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanqiong Li, Biao Wang, Peng Chao, Pian Jin, Jie Wang
{"title":"Noise Robust Variable Step-Size APMCC Algorithm for Underwater Acoustic Channel Estimation","authors":"Hanqiong Li, Biao Wang, Peng Chao, Pian Jin, Jie Wang","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491362","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the performance of underwater acoustic (UWA) estimation under impulse noise, this paper proposes a noise robust variable step-size APMCC (RVSS-APMCC) algorithm. The algorithm combines the improved modified Gaussian function to establish the correlation among the error signal and the step-size. Under impulse noise, simulation results of UWA estimation indicate that the RVSS-APMCC algorithm has faster channel estimation speed, higher estimation accuracy and stronger channel tracking ability.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124907243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Underwater Acoustic Adaptive Modulation with Reinforcement Learning and Channel Prediction","authors":"Yuzhi Zhang, J. Zhu, Yang Liu, Bin Wang","doi":"10.1145/3491315.3491352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3491315.3491352","url":null,"abstract":"We present our ongoing work on reinforcement learning based adaptive modulation for underwater acoustic (UWA) communication. As the long propagation delay, the feedback channel state information (CSI) will be outdated for UWA adaptive modulation. Reinforcement learning can learn the optimal transmission mode even with the outdated CSI. Furthermore, this paper employs long short-term memory neural network to predict CSI for updating learning table, and then selects modulation mode by ϵ– greedy algorithm. The simulation results revealed that the network throughput of proposed method is improved under error bit rate constraint, which is compared to Q-learning with state transition probability predicted CSI and direct feedback CSI in time varying UWA channel.","PeriodicalId":191580,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122333692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}