Neurotoxicology and teratology最新文献

{"title":"Sensorimotor dysfunction due to developmental manganese exposure is less severe in adult female than male rats and partially improved by acute methylphenidate treatment","authors":"Stephane A. Beaudin ,&nbsp;Samantha Gorman ,&nbsp;Naomi Schilpp ,&nbsp;David Woodfin ,&nbsp;Barbara J. Strupp ,&nbsp;Donald R. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Epidemiological studies have reported associations between elevated manganese (Mn) exposure and poorer psychomotor performance in children. Our studies in adult male rats have established that this relationship is causal and that prolonged methylphenidate (MPH) treatment is efficacious in treating this area of dysfunction. However, it is unclear if sensitivity to these Mn deficits differs between females and males, and whether existing pharmacological therapies are efficacious in improving sensorimotor dysfunction in females. To address these questions, we used our rat model of childhood environmental Mn exposure and the Montoya staircase test to determine whether 1) there are sex differences in the lasting sensorimotor dysfunction caused by developmental Mn exposure, and 2) MPH treatment is efficacious in ameliorating the sensorimotor deficits in females. Female and male neonates were treated orally with Mn (50 mg Mn/kg/d) from postnatal day 1 to 21 and evaluated for skilled forelimb sensorimotor performance as adults. Subsequently, the efficacy of acute oral MPH treatment (doses of 0, 0.5, and 3.0 mg MPH/kg/d) was assessed in females using a within-subject MPH treatment design. Developmental postnatal Mn exposure produced lasting sensorimotor reaching and grasping deficits that were milder in females than in males. Acute MPH treatment of Mn-exposed females with the 0.5 mg/kg/d dose attenuated the reaching dysfunction without alleviating grasping dysfunction. These findings show sex-based variations in sensitivity to the sensorimotor impairment caused by developmental Mn exposure, and they are consistent with prior studies showing less vulnerability of females to Mn-induced dysfunction in other functional domains, possibly due to the protective effects of estrogen. Given our previous work showing the efficacy of MPH treatment to alleviate Mn-induced inattention, impulsiveness, and sensorimotor dysfunctions in adult male rats, they also highlight the need for further research into sex-based differences in cognitive and behavioral areas of brain function, and the efficacy of therapeutics in treating behavioral dysfunction in females.</p><p>Supported by NIEHS R01ES028369.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139672254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bisphenol F affects neurodevelopmental gene expression, mushroom body development, and behavior in Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Judith L.A. Fishburn ,&nbsp;Heather L. Larson ,&nbsp;An Nguyen ,&nbsp;Chloe J. Welch ,&nbsp;Taylor Moore ,&nbsp;Aliyah Penn ,&nbsp;Johnathan Newman ,&nbsp;Anthony Mangino ,&nbsp;Erin Widman ,&nbsp;Rana Ghobashy ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Witherspoon ,&nbsp;Wendy Lee ,&nbsp;Kimberly A. Mulligan","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bisphenol F (BPF) is a potential neurotoxicant used as a replacement for bisphenol A (BPA) in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. We investigated the neurodevelopmental impacts of BPF exposure using <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> as a model. Our transcriptomic analysis indicated that developmental exposure to BPF caused the downregulation of neurodevelopmentally relevant genes, including those associated with synapse formation and neuronal projection. To investigate the functional outcome of BPF exposure, we evaluated neurodevelopmental impacts across two genetic strains of <em>Drosophila— w1118</em> (control) and the Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) model—by examining both behavioral and neuronal phenotypes. We found that BPF exposure in <em>w1118 Drosophila</em> caused hypoactive larval locomotor activity, decreased time spent grooming by adults, reduced courtship activity, and increased the severity but not frequency of β-lobe midline crossing defects by axons in the mushroom body. In contrast, although BPF reduced peristaltic contractions in FXS larvae, it had no impact on other larval locomotor phenotypes, grooming activity, or courtship activity. Strikingly, BPF exposure reduced both the severity and frequency of β-lobe midline crossing defects in the mushroom body of FXS flies, a phenotype previously observed in FXS flies exposed to BPA. This data indicates that BPF can affect neurodevelopment and its impacts vary depending on genetic background. Further, BPF may elicit a gene-environment interaction with <em>Drosophila fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1</em> (<em>dFmr1</em>)—the ortholog of human <em>FMR1</em>, which causes fragile X syndrome and is the most common monogenetic cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892036224000138/pdfft?md5=642cee3baa0fbaa8575ca68d5cf513d4&pid=1-s2.0-S0892036224000138-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139659353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DDT and titanium dioxide nanoparticle coexposure induced neurobehavioral deficits in zebrafish","authors":"Jian Lin ,&nbsp;Yanqi Lou ,&nbsp;Zhenkai Sun ,&nbsp;Dongliang Pan ,&nbsp;Lei Lei ,&nbsp;Yang Song ,&nbsp;Changjiang Huang ,&nbsp;Jiangfei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Both dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane<span> (DDT) and titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO</span></span>₂ NP) have worldwide-scale commercial applications, resulting in their co-pollution in the ecosystems and posing combined health risks. However, there is a lack of toxicity studies for the interactions of DDT and TiO₂<span> NP in the environmental relevant concentrations. In this study, we characterized the coexposures using a zebrafish waterborne exposure approach and evaluated the neurotoxicity response of the treated embryos or adults. Our results showed that DDT/TiO</span>₂ NP coexposure enhanced the DDT accumulation in vivo and increased the larval locomotor. The chronic DDT/TiO₂ NP coexposure did not affect the overall survival rate, sex ratio and growth. However, DDT/TiO₂<span><span> NP coexposure severely affected the adult locomotor activity, social contact, shoaling and aggressive behaviors<span> compared to single treatment groups or controls. These adult behavioral deficits were accompanied by changes in neurotransmitter<span> acetylcholine (ACH) level in the brain and muscle tissues, as well as </span></span></span>neural development genes expression activation of growth-associated protein 43 (</span><em>gap43</em><span>) and synaptic vesicle<span> glycoprotein 2 (</span></span><em>sv2</em>) in the brain. The significantly increased ACH level and the activated neural genes expression in the DDT/TiO₂ NP co-exposed fish may account for the observed hyperactivity and social deficits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139557480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal prenatal lead levels and neonatal brain volumes: Testing moderations by maternal depressive symptoms and family income","authors":"Amanda C. Wylie ,&nbsp;Sarah J. Short ,&nbsp;Rebecca C. Fry ,&nbsp;W. Roger Mills-Koonce ,&nbsp;Cathi B. Propper","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span><span>There is considerable evidence that prenatal lead exposure is detrimental to child cognitive and socio-emotional development. Further evidence suggests that the effects of prenatal lead on developmental outcomes may be conditional upon exposure to social stressors, such as maternal depression and low socioeconomic status. However, no studies have examined associations between these co-occurring stressors during pregnancy and neonatal brain volumes. Leveraging a sample of 101 mother-infant dyads followed beginning in mid-pregnancy, we examined the main effects of prenatal urinary lead levels on neonatal lateralized brain volumes (left and right </span>hippocampus, </span>amygdala, </span>cerebellum, frontal lobes) and total gray matter. We additionally tested for moderations between lead and depressive symptoms and between lead and family income relative to the federal poverty level (FPL) on the same neurodevelopmental outcomes. Analyses of main effects indicated that prenatal lead was significantly (</span><em>ps</em> &lt; 0.05) associated with reduced right and left amygdala volumes (<em>βs</em> = −0.23- -0.20). The testing and probing of cross-product interaction terms using simple slopes indicated that the negative effect of lead on the left amygdala was conditional upon mothers having low depressive symptoms or high income relative to the FPL. We interpret the results in the context of trajectories of prenatal and postnatal brain development and susceptibility to low levels of prenatal lead in the context of other social stressors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139497652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The U.S. PFAS exposure burden calculator for 2017–2018: Application to the HOME Study, with comparison of epidemiological findings from NHANES","authors":"Shelley H. Liu ,&nbsp;Yitong Chen ,&nbsp;Leah Feuerstahler ,&nbsp;Aimin Chen ,&nbsp;Anne Starling ,&nbsp;Dana Dabelea ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Wang ,&nbsp;Kim Cecil ,&nbsp;Bruce Lanphear ,&nbsp;Kimberly Yolton ,&nbsp;Joseph M. Braun ,&nbsp;Jessie P. Buckley","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>The 2017–2018 U.S. PFAS exposure burden calculator was designed to provide a summary exposure score for </span><em>per</em>- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures using targeted PFAS analyte data. Its aim was to place PFAS burden score estimates onto a common scale based on nationally representative U.S. reference ranges from 2017 to 2018, enabling comparisons of overall PFAS burden scores across studies even if they did not measure the same set of PFAS analytes.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To use the U.S. PFAS exposure burden calculator for comparing the same mixture of PFAS compounds in similarly aged adolescents and their associations with cardiometabolic outcomes in the HOME Study and NHANES between 2015 and 2018.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We applied the PFAS burden calculator to 8 PFAS analytes measured in the serum of adolescents from the HOME Study (Cincinnati, Ohio; age range 11–14 years; years: 2016–2019; <em>n</em> = 207) and NHANES (US; age range 12–14 years; years 2015–2018; <em>n</em> = 245). We used the non-parametric Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test and chi-squared test to compare the two study samples. In both studies, we examined associations of PFAS burden scores with the same cardiometabolic outcomes, adjusted for the same core set of covariates using regression analyses. We conducted sensitivity analyses to verify robustness of exposure-outcome associations, by accounting for measurement error of PFAS burden scores.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>PFAS burden scores were significantly different (<em>p</em> = 0.004) between the HOME Study (median: 0.00, interquartile range − 0.37, 0.34) and the NHANES samples (median: 0.04, IQR -0.11, 0.54), while no significant difference was found for PFAS summed concentrations (<em>p</em><span> = 0.661). In the HOME Study, an interquartile (IQR) increase in PFAS burden score was associated with higher total cholesterol [7.0 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.6, 13.4]; HDL [2.8 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.4, 5.2]; LDL [5.9 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.5, 11.3], insulin [0.1 log(mIU/L), 95% CI: 0.01, 0.2], and HOMA-IR [0.1, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.2]. In NHANES, an IQR increase in PFAS burden score was associated with higher diastolic blood pressure [2.4 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.4, 4.4] but not with other outcomes. Sensitivity analyses in the HOME Study and NHANES were consistent with the main findings.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Performance of the U.S. PFAS exposure burden calculator was similar in a local versus national sample of adolescents, and may be a useful tool for the assessment of PFAS mixtures across studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139464713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abuse-like toluene exposure during early adolescence alters subsequent ethanol and cocaine behavioral effects and brain monoamines in male mice","authors":"Cameron J. Davidson ,&nbsp;John H. Hannigan ,&nbsp;Shane A. Perrine ,&nbsp;Scott E. Bowen","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2023.107317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2023.107317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, there is a gap in understanding the neurobiological impact early adolescent toluene exposure has on subsequent actions of other drugs. Adolescent (PND 28–32) male Swiss-Webster mice (<em>N</em> = 210) were exposed to 0, 2000, or 4000 ppm of toluene vapor for 30 min/day for 5 days. Immediately following the last toluene exposure (PND 32; <em>n</em><span> = 15) or after a short delay (PND 35; n = 15), a subset of subjects' brains was collected for monoamine<span> analysis. Remaining mice were assigned to one of two abstinence periods: a short 4-day (PND 36) or long 12-day (PND 44) delay after toluene exposure. Mice were then subjected to a cumulative dose response assessment of either cocaine (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg; </span></span><em>n</em><span><span><span> = 60), ethanol (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 g/kg; n = 60), or saline (5 control injections; n = 60). Toluene concentration-dependently increased locomotor activity during exposure. When later challenged, mice exposed previously to toluene were significantly less active after cocaine (10 and 20 mg/kg) compared to air-exposed controls. Animals were also less active at the highest dose of alcohol (4 g/kg) following prior exposure to 4000 ppm when compared to air-exposed controls. Analysis of monoamines and their metabolites using High Pressure </span>Liquid Chromatography<span> (HPLC) within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), </span></span>dorsal striatum<span> (dSTR), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) revealed subtle effects on monoamine or metabolite levels following cumulative dosing that varied by drug (cocaine and ethanol) and abstinence duration. Our results suggest that early adolescent toluene exposure produces behavioral desensitization to subsequent cocaine-induced locomotor activity with subtle enhancement of ethanol's depressive effects and less clear impacts on levels of monoamines.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship of prenatal acetaminophen exposure and attention-related behavior in early childhood","authors":"Megan L. Woodbury ,&nbsp;Sarah D. Geiger ,&nbsp;Susan L. Schantz","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acetaminophen is currently the only analgesic considered safe for use throughout pregnancy, but recent studies indicate that prenatal exposure to acetaminophen may be related to poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes. Multiple studies have suggested that it may be associated with attention problems, but few have examined this association by trimester of exposure. The Illinois Kids Development Study is a prospective birth cohort located in east-central Illinois. Exposure data were collected between December 2013 and March 2020, and 535 newborns were enrolled during that period. Mothers reported the number of times they took acetaminophen at six time points across pregnancy. When children were 2, 3, and 4 years of age, caregivers completed the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1.5–5 years (CBCL). Associations of acetaminophen use during pregnancy with scores on the Attention Problems and ADHD Problems syndrome scales, the Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior composite scales, and the Total Problems score were evaluated. Higher acetaminophen exposure during the second trimester of fetal development was associated with higher Attention Problems, ADHD Problems, Externalizing Behavior, and Total Problems scores at ages 2 and 3. Higher second trimester exposure was only associated with higher Externalizing Behavior and Total Problems scores at 4 years. Higher cumulative exposure across pregnancy was associated with higher Attention Problems and ADHD Problems scores at ages 2 and 3. Findings suggest that prenatal acetaminophen exposure, especially during the second trimester, may be related to problems with attention in early childhood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892036224000011/pdfft?md5=eb9f57c6c94f8b01bf22fac54faca271&pid=1-s2.0-S0892036224000011-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental exposure to methylmercury alters GAD67 immunoreactivity and morphology of endothelial cells and capillaries of midbrain and hindbrain regions of adult rat offspring","authors":"Nazneen Y. Rustom,&nbsp;James N Reynolds","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental contaminant that is of particular concern in Northern Arctic Canadian populations. Specifically, organic mercury compounds such as MeHg are potent toxicants that affect multiple bodily systems including the nervous system. Developmental exposure to MeHg is a major concern, as the developing fetus and neonate are thought to be especially vulnerable to the toxic effects of MeHg. The objective of this study was to examine developmental exposure to low doses of MeHg and effects upon the adult central nervous system (CNS). The doses of MeHg chosen were scaled to be proportional to the concentrations of MeHg that have been reported in human maternal blood samples in Northern Arctic Canadian populations.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Offspring were exposed to MeHg maternally where pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were fed cookies that contained MeHg or vehicle (vehicle corn oil; MeHg 0.02 mg/kg/body weight or 2.0 mg/kg/body weight) daily, throughout gestation (21 days) and lactation (21 days). Offspring were not exposed to MeHg after the lactation period and were euthanized on postnatal day 450. Brains were extracted, fixed, frozen, and sectioned for immunohistochemical analysis. A battery of markers of brain structure and function were selected including neuronal GABAergic enzymatic marker glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 (GAD67), apoptotic/necrotic marker cleaved caspase-3 (CC3), catecholamine marker tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), immune inflammatory marker microglia (Cd11b), endothelial cell marker rat endothelial cell antigen-1 (RECA-1), doublecortin (DCX), Bergmann glia (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)), and general nucleic acid and cellular stains Hoechst, and cresyl violet, respectively. Oxidative stress marker lipofuscin (autofluorescence) was also assessed. Both male and female offspring were included in analysis. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized where sex and treatment were considered as between-subject factors (<em>p</em>* &lt;0.05). ImageJ was used to assess immunohistochemical results.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In comparison with controls, adult rat offspring exposed to both doses of MeHg were observed to have (1) increased GAD67 in the cerebellum; (2) decreased lipofuscin in the locus coeruleus; and (3) decreased GAD67 in the anterior CA1 region. Furthermore, in the substantia nigra and periaqueductal gray, adult male offspring consistently had a larger endothelial cell and capillary perimeter in comparison to females. The maternal high dose of MeHg influenced RECA-1 immunoreactivity in both the substantia nigra and periaqueductal gray of adult rat offspring, where the latter neuronal region also showed statistically significant decreases in RECA-1 immunoreactivity at the maternal low dose exposure level. Lastly, males exposed to high doses of MeHg during development exhibited a statistically significant increase in the perimeter of endothelial cel","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892036224000023/pdfft?md5=c7f78c6ea199586c09f25fbb6bf7a524&pid=1-s2.0-S0892036224000023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139397168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to the pharmaceutical buspirone alters locomotor activity, anxiety-related behaviors, and transcripts related to serotonin signaling in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"Angel Biju ,&nbsp;Emma Ivantsova ,&nbsp;Christopher L. Souders II ,&nbsp;Cole English ,&nbsp;Lev Avidan ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Martyniuk","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2023.107318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2023.107318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Buspirone is a pharmaceutical used to treat general anxiety disorder by acting on the </span>dopaminergic<span><span> and serotoninergic system. Buspirone, like many human pharmaceuticals, has been detected in municipal wastewater; however, the environmental exposure risks are unknown for this psychoactive compound. We studied the effects of buspirone on the </span>behavior<span> of zebrafish, focusing on locomotor and anxiolytic behavior. We also measured transcripts associated with oxidative stress<span>, neurotoxicity, and serotonin signaling to identify potential mechanisms underlying the behavioral changes. Concentrations ranged from environmentally relevant (nM) to physiologically active concentrations typical of human pharmaceuticals (μM). Buspirone treatment did not impact survival, nor did it induce deformities in zebrafish treated for 7 days up to 10 μM. There was a positive relationship between locomotor activity and buspirone concentration in dark periods of the visual motor response test. In the light-dark preference test, both the average time per visit to the dark zone and the percent cumulative duration in the dark zone were increased by 1 μM buspirone. Transcript levels of </span></span></span></span><em>ache</em>, <em>manf</em>, and <em>mbp</em> were decreased in larvae, while the expression of <em>gap43</em> was increased following exposure to buspirone, indicating potential neurotoxic effects. There was also reduced expression of serotonin-related genes encoding receptors, transporters, and biosynthesis enzymes (i.e., <em>5ht1aa</em>, <em>sertb</em>, and <em>tph1a</em>). These data increase understanding of the behavioral and molecular responses in zebrafish following waterborne exposure to neuroactive pharmaceuticals like buspirone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amniotic fluid cortisol predicts neonatal and infant development in non-stressed rhesus monkeys: Implications for prenatal stress","authors":"Jeremy Otridge ,&nbsp;Jerrold S. Meyer ,&nbsp;Amanda M. Dettmer","doi":"10.1016/j.ntt.2023.107308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ntt.2023.107308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Prenatal stress<span><span><span> adversely affects offspring<span> development, with fetal cortisol (CORT) exposure being a primary hypothesized mechanism for stress-induced developmental deficits. Fetal CORT exposure can be assessed via measurements in </span></span>amniotic fluid. However, in humans, </span>amniocentesis is typically only performed for clinical reasons such as karyotyping; thus, amniotic fluid CORT cannot be obtained from a random sample. To test the hypothesis that fetal CORT exposure predicts neonatal and infant development in healthy primates, we measured amniotic fluid CORT in </span></span><em>N</em><span> = 18 healthy rhesus macaque (</span><em>Macaca mulatta</em>) dams (50:50 female:male infants) between 80 and 124 days gestation (mean ± SEM = 98.3 ± 2.9 days out of 165 days gestational length; i.e., second trimester). Maternal hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs) were assessed throughout pregnancy and lactation. Offspring were assessed for physical growth, neurological development, cognitive development, and HCCs across postnatal days 30–180. Controlling for gestational age at amniocentesis, higher amniotic fluid CORT significantly predicted slower infant growth rate (g/day) in the first 30 days (β = −0.19; R² = 0.71, <em>p</em><span> = .008), poorer sensorimotor scores on the day 30 neonatal assessment (β = −0.28; R</span>² = 0.76, <em>p</em> = .015), and longer time to complete training (β = 0.48; R² = 0.54, <em>p</em> = .026), but better performance (β = 0.91; R² = 0.60, <em>p</em><span> = .011) on a discrimination cognitive task at 120–180 days. Amniotic fluid CORT was not associated with maternal or infant HCCs. Although these results are correlative, they raise the intriguing possibility that fetal CORT exposure in non-stress-exposed primates, as measured by amniotic fluid CORT, programs multiple aspects of neonatal and infant development. On the other hand, amniotic fluid CORT may not relate to chronic CORT levels in either mothers or infants when assessed by hair sampling.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":19144,"journal":{"name":"Neurotoxicology and teratology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61564293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}