Neurodegenerative Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Association between Gut Microbiota with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease in a Thai Population.","authors":"Pagakrong Wanapaisan,&nbsp;Mallika Chuansangeam,&nbsp;Saifon Nopnipa,&nbsp;Rubwad Mathuranyanon,&nbsp;Nutthawan Nonthabenjawan,&nbsp;Chanon Ngamsombat,&nbsp;Tanyaluck Thientunyakit,&nbsp;Weerasak Muangpaisan","doi":"10.1159/000526947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are common in older adults. Much recent work has implicated the connection between the gut and the brain via bidirectional communication of the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system through biochemical signaling. Altered gut microbiota composition has shown controversial results based on geographic location, age, diet, physical activity, psychological status, underlying diseases, medication, and drug use.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationships of gut microbiota with MCI and AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>16S metagenome profiles from stool collection of participant groups (normal; n = 20, MCI; n = 12, AD; n = 20) were analyzed. The diagnosis of cognitive conditions was made by standard criteria consisting of clinical interviews, physical examinations, cognitive assessments, laboratory examinations, and neuroimaging by both structural neuroimaging and amyloid positron emission tomography scans. Correlations between medical factors with food frequency and the fecal microbiome were elucidated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant difference at the operational taxonomic unit level was observed. The significantly higher abundance of bacteria in nondementia patients belonged to the Clostridiales order, including Clostridium sensu stricto 1 (p < 0.0001), Fusicatenibacter (p = 0.0007), Lachnospiraceae (p = 0.001), Agathobacter (p = 0.021), and Fecalibacterium (p < 0.0001). In contrast, Escherichia-Shigella (p = 0.0002), Bacteroides (p = 0.0014), Holdemanella (p < 0.0001), Romboutsia (p = 0.001), and Megamonas (p = 0.047) were the dominant genera in the AD group. Left and right hippocampus and right amygdala volumes were significantly decreased in the AD group (p < 0.001) and significantly correlated with the groups of bacteria that were significantly different between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a relationship between the composition of the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative disorders, including MCI and AD. Reduction of Clostridiaceae and increases in Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroides were associated with persons with MCI and AD, consistent with previous studies. The altered gut microbiome could be potentially targeted for the early diagnosis of dementia and the reduction of AD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"22 2","pages":"43-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10564446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CSF Aβ40 Levels Do Not Correlate with the Clinical Manifestations of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Jesús Garcia Castro,&nbsp;Helena Méndez Del Sol,&nbsp;Olaia Rodríguez Fraga,&nbsp;María Hernández Barral,&nbsp;Soledad Serrano López,&nbsp;Ana Frank García,&nbsp;Ángel Martín Montes","doi":"10.1159/000530907","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker quantification provides physicians with a reliable diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between their concentration and disease course has not been clearly elucidated. This work aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of Aβ40 CSF levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort of 76 patients diagnosed with AD using a decreased Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio was subclassified into hyposecretors (Aβ40 &lt;7,755 pg/mL), normosecretors (Aβ40 7,755-16,715 pg/mL), and hypersecretors (Aβ40 &gt;16,715 pg/mL). Potential differences in AD phenotype, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, and Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) stages were assessed. Correlation tests for biomarker concentrations were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were classified as hyposecretors (n = 22, median Aβ40 5,870.500 pg/mL, interquartile range [IQR] 1,431), normosecretors (n = 47, median Aβ40 10,817 pg/mL, IQR 3,622), and hypersecretors (n = 7, 19,767 pg/mL, IQR 3,088). The distribution of positive phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) varied significantly between subgroups and was more common in the normo- and hypersecretor categories (p = 0.003). Aβ40 and p-Tau concentrations correlated positively (ρ = 0.605, p &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were found among subgroups regarding age, initial MoCA score, initial GDS stage, progression to the dementia stage, or changes in the MoCA score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we found no significant differences in clinical symptoms or disease progression in AD patients according to their CSF Aβ40 concentration. Aβ40 was positively correlated with p-Tau and total Tau concentrations, supporting their potential interaction in AD pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"151-158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9876682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Two-Way Route between Delirium Disorder and Dementia: Insights from COVID-19.","authors":"Giulia Bommarito,&nbsp;Valentina Garibotto,&nbsp;Giovanni B Frisoni,&nbsp;Frédéric Assal,&nbsp;Patrice H Lalive,&nbsp;Gilles Allali","doi":"10.1159/000530566","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delirium disorder is a frequent neurological complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated with increased disease severity and mortality. Cognitive impairment is a major risk factor for developing delirium disorder during COVID-19, which, in turn, increases the risk of subsequent neurological complications and cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The bidirectional connection between delirium disorder and dementia likely resides at multiple levels, and its pathophysiological mechanisms during COVID-19 include endothelial damage, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and local inflammation, with activation of microglia and astrocytes. Here, we describe the putative pathogenic pathways underlying delirium disorder during COVID-19 and highlight how they cross with the ones leading to neurodegenerative dementia.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The analysis of the two-sided link can offer useful insights for confronting with long-term neurological consequences of COVID-19 and framing future prevention and early treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"91-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9347424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"P. Unschuld, R. Nitsch, S. DeKosky","doi":"10.1159/000521471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521471","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42638315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgement to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000519810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519810","url":null,"abstract":"© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel karger@karger.com www.karger.com/ndd Karger Publishers and the editors of Neurodegenerative Diseases would like to thank the reviewers for the ongoing support in reviewing manuscripts for our Journal in 2021. This year we have chosen not to disclose the names of our reviewers to preserve the principle of anonymity inherent to the single-blind peer-review we follow. Even so, this should not be in our way to sincerely thank all contributing reviewers who have volunteered their time, effort, and expertise in benefit of the quality of the manuscripts we received and published in 2021. Individual reviewers can still claim their personal “Certificate of Review” via the Journal’s manuscript submission system.","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"20 1","pages":"217 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48224093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"N. Zimmerman","doi":"10.1159/000517132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000517132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45357330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Late-Onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in a Chinese Cohort.","authors":"Qionghua Sun,&nbsp;Yunyun Huo,&nbsp;Jiongming Bai,&nbsp;Haoran Wang,&nbsp;Fang Cui,&nbsp;Hongfen Wang,&nbsp;Fei Yang,&nbsp;Xusheng Huang","doi":"10.1159/000519002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the elderly amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) population in a large sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 1,005 patients with sporadic ALS admitted to Chinese PLA General Hospital between March 2011 and March 2021. We stratified the ALS patients into young and old groups using 2 cutoffs for the age at disease onset (≥65 or ≥70 years old) and compared their demographic, clinical, and survival data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean onset age of all patients was 52.79 ± 10.55 years, with 123 (12.24%) having a disease onset ≥65 years and 44 (4.38%) having an onset ≥70 years. There were 624 (62.1%) male patients. More bulbar-onset cases were in the late-onset group (p = 0.001). The sex distribution, time from onset to diagnosis, and the time of symptom spread from spinal or bulbar localization to a generalized localization did not differ between groups. Late-onset patients progressed more rapidly and had a significantly shorter survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chinese ALS patients have an earlier age at onset and a relatively smaller proportion of old onset than European and Japanese patients. Elderly patients are more likely to have bulbar onset, which is related to rapid progression and a shorter survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"21 1-2","pages":"24-29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39333037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexuality and Neurodegenerative Disease: An Unmet Challenge for Patients, Caregivers, and Treatment.","authors":"Mohamed Eshmawey","doi":"10.1159/000522042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000522042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many factors affect sexuality in the elderly such as dementia which is a common cause of inappropriate sexual behaviors. These behavioral disturbances are distressing, disruptive, and impair the care of the patient.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The onset of dementia does not erase sexuality. Sexual expression can be an important aspect of well-being for older adults with dementia. This study gives a general overview about the relationship between sexuality and cognitive impairment. It starts with a general discussion of sexual aspects in the elderly. This is followed by research studies in this field including effects of dementia on sexual life, sexuality issues related to cognitive decline, inappropriate sexual behaviors in dementia patients, and sexuality in healthcare institutions. We discuss also ethical aspects in relation with sexuality and dementia. Finally, we show different approaches to treat inappropriate sexual behaviors.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The discussion of sexuality in dementia raises many medical and ethical concerns. Inappropriate sexual behaviors are estimated to occur in about 7%-25% of demented patients. The question is how to address such a delicate subject and discuss it in an easy way without making the patient feel humiliated or mistreated. This narrative review reveals sexual problems and difficult questions encountered in daily practice with patients suffering from cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"21 3-4","pages":"63-73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8985046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39831702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Patients with Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.","authors":"Qionghua Sun,&nbsp;Yunyun Huo,&nbsp;Jiongming Bai,&nbsp;Haoran Wang,&nbsp;Hongfen Wang,&nbsp;Fei Yang,&nbsp;Fang Cui,&nbsp;Han Song,&nbsp;Xusheng Huang","doi":"10.1159/000522078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000522078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In the present study, inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the peripheral blood of patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS), were evaluated, and the issue of whether these variables were associated with the progression and severity of the disease examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on inflammatory factors, including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α, were retrospectively collected from 248 sALS patients admitted to the Chinese PLA General Hospital between March 2018 and March 2021. The relationships between the variables and clinical features, including gender, age at onset, site of onset, time from onset to hospital admission, ALS functional rating scale score, and diagnostic category were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α levels were elevated in 43.75%, 7.04%, 16.42%, 25.35%, 1.41%, and 50.72% of ALS patients, respectively, compared with the normal value range. IL-2 and IL-6 levels were inversely associated with the ALS functional rating scale score (r = -0.280, p = 0.004 and r = -0.198, p = 0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines support the hypothesis of an inflammatory response in ALS, and IL-2 and IL-6 may be used as an inflammation-related biomarker for disease severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"21 3-4","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39892824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tit for Tat: Costly Punishment in Manifest Huntington's Disease.","authors":"Beatrice Heim,&nbsp;Marina Peball,&nbsp;Carsten Saft,&nbsp;Sarah M von Hein,&nbsp;Johanna M Piater,&nbsp;Philipp Ellmerer,&nbsp;Klaus Seppi,&nbsp;Atbin Djamshidian-Tehrani","doi":"10.1159/000520303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate costly punishment in patients with Huntington's disease (HD).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>HD is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease with motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms. As neuropsychiatric abnormalities often precede motor symptoms, we wanted to assess whether costly punishment is part of the neuropsychological profile of patients with HD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 40 non-demented subjects were prospectively enrolled in this study with a between-subject design comparing manifest HD patients (n = 18) to healthy controls (HC; n = 22). All participants performed 8 rounds of a costly punishment task, in which money was shared unevenly in 5 rounds or in a fair manner in the remaining 3 rounds. Participants then had to decide whether they wanted to punish the trustee. Furthermore, all participants underwent neuropsychological background tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HD patients performed worse in the neuropsychological background tests compared to HC (all p values <0.05). Moreover, HD patients punished more often in fair (Wald χ2 = 5.03, p = 0.025) but not in unfair rounds (Wald χ2 = 1.63, p = 0.202).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate increased costly punishment during fair conditions in HD patients. Whether this behaviour is due to a lack of recognition of social norms, an impairment in top-down inhibition, or an effect of antidopaminergic medication remains unclear.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"21 3-4","pages":"74-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39565956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}