Neurodegenerative Diseases最新文献

{"title":"A radiomics-based analysis of functional dopaminergic scintigraphic imaging for the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies.","authors":"Jérémy Perriraz, Daniel Abler, Paolo Salvioni Chiabotti, Caroline Hall, Noemie Lejay, George K Kurian, Thomas Vetterli, Olivier Rouaud, Marie Nicod Lalonde, Niklaus Schaefer, Gilles Allali, Adrien Depeursinge, John O Prior, Mario Jreige","doi":"10.1159/000547261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Radiomics features, a technique based on quantitative image analysis, can be used to capture tissue and lesion characteristics, such as heterogeneity and shape. Using functional dopaminergic scintigraphy, we aim to study the value of radiomics features in predicting the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Materials and methods We retrospectively analyzed 74 patients (29 F and 45 M, mean age 71.6±9.2 ) investigated in the Leenaards Memory Center (Lausanne University Hospital) for DLB who underwent quantitative I-123-ioflupane SPECT/CT (DaTscan). All scanned examinations had xSPECT reconstruction, allowing SUV quantification. We segmented the right and left striatum using 3D Slicer and performed radiomics feature extraction and analysis using the QuantImage v2 platform. The dataset was divided into training (80%) and test (20%) sets, and various classification algorithms were used to predict the definitive clinical diagnosis of DLB using xSPECT and/or clinical features. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to characterize the performance of the obtained models. Results Thirty-three of 74 patients (45%) were diagnosed with DLB. The xSPECT radiomics models showing the highest diagnostic performance were developed based on nine non-correlated features from both striatal regions and a support vector classifier (SVC) algorithm. The xSPECT radiomics models demonstrated superior performance compared to models based on SUV intensity features alone (p=0.001) or clinical features alone (p=0.001), with AUC values of 0.932 (0.920-0.944), 0.856 (0.840-0.875), and 0.793 (0.770-0.815), respectively. The combined model, incorporating both clinical and xSPECT features, achieved the highest overall performance with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 100-100), specificity of 89.7% (87.6-91.4), and an AUC of 0.956 (0.945-0.964). Conclusion The radiomics model based on quantitative I-123-ioflupane xSPECT/CT showed high diagnostic accuracy in predicting the diagnosis of DLB using diverse features derived from striatal analysis. This tool may improve the diagnostic accuracy of I-123-ioflupane, which is of major importance for DLB diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensation of postural control in demyelinating neuropathies: better visual integration in CMT1A than in CIDP.","authors":"Loïc Dupont, Arnaud Delval, Luc Defebvre, Jean-Baptiste Davion, Cédrick T Bonnet, Céline Tard","doi":"10.1159/000547256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Demyelinating neuropathies, such as Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A (CMT1A), significantly impair postural control. While both conditions affect sensory integration, differences in compensatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aims to explore how visual, proprioceptive, and cognitive perturbations influence postural stability in CIDP and CMT1A patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center, prospective study was conducted with 25 CIDP and 24 CMT1A patients. Posturographic recordings were used to assess postural stability under standard conditions and during visual tracking, proprioceptive perturbation (Achilles tendon vibration), and cognitive dual-tasking (backward counting). Center of Pressure (CoP) parameters, including area, velocity, and body sway, were analyzed to evaluate postural control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CMT1A patients demonstrated improved postural stability during visual tracking tasks, suggesting better visual integration and long-term compensatory adaptations. In contrast, CIDP patients showed greater postural instability and reliance on static visual cues. Both groups experienced increased postural sway during proprioceptive and cognitive perturbations, with no significant differences between them in dual-tasking performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights distinct postural control mechanisms in CIDP and CMT1A patients. CMT1A patients exhibit better adaptation to visual disturbances while CIDP patients struggle with visual integration and rely more on static visual cues. This difference reflects the progressive nature of CMT1A, which may facilitate better development of compensatory strategies over time. These findings underscore the need for personalized rehabilitation approaches, focusing on visual integration for CIDP patients and reinforcing compensatory mechanisms in CMT1A patients to enhance balance and reduce fall risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Societal gender norms and their influence on Late Life Cognition.","authors":"Shana D Stites, Carolyn Kuz, Kimberly Halberstadter, Valerie Humphreys, Katheryn A Q Cousins, Dawn Mechanic-Hamilton","doi":"10.1159/000547115","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study assesses the influence of normative gender effects on cognitive outcomes of cognitively unimpaired older adults. The results help to understand how sex/gender identity operates as a structural determinant of AD outcomes and informs future research that is more inclusive of gender diverse identities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyze data from 216 adults aged 65 and older who completed survey questions from the Aging Gender Index (AGI), which pertain to often gendered experiences of American men and women, which relate to education, employment experiences, and relationship characteristics. The participants also completed cognitive testing. We conducted bivariate and multivariable analyses, which statistically adjusted for age, education, and race.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multivariable analyses, being full-time employed or partially retired rather than full-time retired or part-time employed is associated with lower memory and learning scores (β=-0.29 95%CI -0.56 to -0.01). Fewer years out of the work force to raise children was associated with higher language scores (β=0.14, 95%CI 0.03 to 0.25). While not being a veteran versus being a veteran was associated with lower language scores (β=-0.27, 95%CI -0.51 to -0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study show how workforce and other economic experiences, which tend to vary by gender, may associate with some cognitive outcomes. Research is warranted to replicate the findings and build upon this method of inquiry.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sclerostin: A Potential Link between Osteoporosis and Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Ziyang Guo, Qian Xu, Kexin Zhang, Yujie Ma, Sufang Sheng, Dongqing Jing, Xiaodong Sun, Chengxia Kan, Xinjun Yu","doi":"10.1159/000547072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are age-related health conditions that significantly impact patients and society. Sclerostin, a glycoprotein secreted by osteocytes, regulates bone metabolism by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which controls bone formation. Elevated sclerostin levels in osteoporosis contribute to increased bone resorption and reduced osteoblast activity. Recent studies suggest that sclerostin also affects the central nervous system, where its expression in brain tissues may impair synaptic function and accelerate cognitive decline in AD. Both osteoporosis and AD share common risk factors, such as aging, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, which exacerbate disease progression. Targeting sclerostin with therapies like Romosozumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits sclerostin activity, has shown promise in treating osteoporosis by promoting bone formation. Given the potential connection between sclerostin and AD, there is growing interest in exploring sclerostin modulation as a therapeutic strategy for AD, though challenges such as crossing the blood-brain barrier remain. This review discusses the emerging relationship between osteoporosis and AD, emphasizing the shared molecular pathways and the potential for sclerostin-targeted therapies to benefit both conditions. Further research is needed to understand the causal links between sclerostin, osteoporosis, and AD, and to assess the effectiveness of sclerostin modulation in managing both diseases simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How many steps to reach steady state of postural stability, progression velocity and step length during gait initiation? Effects of ageing and Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Arnaud Simonet, Arnaud Delafontaine, Paul Fourcade, Eric Yiou","doi":"10.1159/000547017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examined how many steps are required to reach a steady state of postural stability, progression velocity and step length during gait initiation in healthy young adults, healthy elderly adults and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy young adults (n=10), healthy elderly adults (n=11) and PD patients (n=12) had to initiate gait and walk straight at spontaneous and maximal velocity to the end of a 11 m long room. Mean values and variability of biomechanical indicators of postural stability (\"margin of stability\" [MoS], \"braking index\" [BI]), progression velocity (peak anteroposterior centre-of-mass velocity) and step length were computed along five successive steps using a markerless motion capture system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the number of steps required to reach steady state walking depended on the experimental variable. For the progression velocity, the step length and the BI, two steps were required. For the MoS, one step was required. PD patients and healthy participants used different strategies to reach steady state of BI, which may expose the former to a high risk of instability in the first step. Interestingly, mean BI and variability of PD patients returned to normal following this first step.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that rehabilitation programs aiming to improve walking in PD patients at an early stage of the disease (stage 2 on the Hoen and Year scale) may specifically target the first step.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Developing Alzheimer Disease in Relation to Common Infections.","authors":"Alejandra Camacho-Soto, Irene Faust, Osvaldo J Laurido-Soto, Jordan A Killion, Natalie Senini, Brittany Krzyzanowski, Brad A Racette","doi":"10.1159/000546589","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many studies demonstrate positive associations between infections and Alzheimer disease (AD), suggesting that brain and/or systemic inflammation may impact AD pathogenesis. However, studies of meningitis and AD risk have been limited to animal models or small human cohorts in the USA. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between incident AD and three different types of infections (meningitis, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections [UTIs]) using a population-based sample of US Medicare beneficiaries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We created a case-control dataset by frequency matching 4:1 (control:case) by age group, sex, and month/year of the date of AD diagnosis or control selection date. We identified 52,628 newly diagnosed AD cases and 210,512 population-based controls ≥67 years of age using comprehensive Medicare claims data from 2016 to 2018. We classified infections using ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes. We used logistic regression to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the association between AD and each infection separately. We lagged exposures up to 18 months and examined hospitalization or comorbid sepsis as a proxy for infection severity. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, and health care utilization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AD was positively associated with meningitis in individuals hospitalized without superimposed sepsis with a 6-month lag (OR = 2.713, 95% CI: 1.277-5.764), and UTIs without superimposed sepsis with an 18-month lag (OR = 1.231, 95% CI: 1.101-1.376), and with superimposed sepsis with an 18-month lag (OR = 1.388, 95% CI: 1.050-1.835). There was no association between AD and pneumonia in individuals hospitalized with or without superimposed sepsis. When examining infections that occurred in the outpatient setting, the association between AD and UTI remained positive yet attenuated at all time points, however, the association became inverse between AD and pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More severe infections, particularly meningitis, may be associated with a higher risk of AD, due to either unmasking of prodromal AD or acceleration of AD pathogenesis in susceptible individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Biofluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Mari Aksnes","doi":"10.1159/000545717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, affects twice as many women as men. Moreover, sex is increasingly recognised as an important factor for AD, influencing symptom presentation, progression, disease biology, and treatment responses. In parallel, AD biomarkers are becoming more accessible with the discovery of specific and accurate blood-based biomarkers and their incorporation in AD diagnostic frameworks. This narrative review aimed to summarise sex differences in the concentration and interpretation of biofluid biomarkers for AD.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Biological sex may influence both the concentration and interpretation of biofluid biomarkers for AD pathology such as amyloid-β aggregation, tau neurofibrillary tangles, neurodegeneration, or neuroinflammation. While some biofluid biomarkers display consistent sex differences in absolute levels, most biomarker levels have not been found to differ consistently by sex. Nonetheless, even biomarkers that do not differ in absolute levels display sex-specific associations with clinically relevant variables such as brain atrophy, cognitive impairment, and disease progression.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>Sex may influence the interpretation of AD biomarkers depending on their context of use, and more research is required to develop sex-specific guidelines. Future research should aim to study sex differences and sex-specific associations with variables of interest, as well as the underlying factors driving sex differences in AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genetic architecture of Parkinson's disease in Morocco: highlighting a predominance of Mendelian genes.","authors":"Ahmed Bouhouche, Houyam Tibar, Wafa Regragui","doi":"10.1159/000546424","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD), although widely heterogeneous and manifesting with numerous motor and non-motor symptoms, presents clinically as a single entity worldwide. Its genetic causes are also heterogeneous and include highly penetrant variants in a single gene representing rare monogenic forms, and rare or common variants conferring a relative disease risk representing more frequent multigenic forms. Most of these variants have been discovered in patients of European ancestry. Since the genetic basis of PD can vary significantly between populations due to differences in allele frequencies, little is known about the genetics of PD in other populations, particularly from Africa. Morocco, located in a region of North Africa, constitutes a subcontinent known for a weak external genetic influence and for a local genetic continuity for millennia, which makes it a region of interest to study the genetic causes of PD.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review aims to summarize published research data on the genetic profile of PD patients from the Moroccan population to describe its genetic architecture. Unlike in Western countries, Parkinson's disease in Morocco is predominantly a Mendelian disease reaching up to 50%, due to the high prevalence of the LRRK2 G2019S dominant variant and to relatively less frequent PRKN and PINK1 recessive variants due to the high rate of consanguinity. Additionally, rare high-risk variants in LRRK2, VPS13C, MAPT, and POLG, in oligo- or polygenic ways, may contribute to increasing the genetic risk of the disease.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>We therefore show that the genetic architecture of PD in Morocco, a country in the subcontinent of North Africa, was different from that of sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world. This will help improve diagnostic accuracy, subdivide the clinical variability of the disease into groups of common genetic and biological causes for a better therapeutic management strategy, and test molecules from ongoing clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12178584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Neuromuscular Ultrasound in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.","authors":"Jieying Wu, Hongsong Song, Mukadas Arkin, Shuo Zhang, Xiao Huang, Dongsheng Fan, Yingsheng Xu","doi":"10.1159/000546425","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neuromuscular ultrasound has been increasingly used in the detection and diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly characterized by peripheral nerve atrophy, degeneration, and muscle fasciculations. The aim of this study was to assess the ultrasound characteristics of ALS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 67 consecutive patients with sporadic ALS and 19 with ALS mimics (63.16% peripheral neuropathy) were recruited. Ultrasound and electrophysiological examinations were performed; the peripheral nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) and fasciculation grades were compared between the groups, and correlations between ultrasound and electrophysiological data in ALS patients were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ALS patients had smaller proximal median and ulnar nerve CSAs than those of ALS mimics, who exhibited asymmetric changes. Fasciculation differences in the trapezius, triceps brachii, extensor digitorum communis, thenar, and first dorsal interosseous muscles were observed. In ALS patients, the CSA and fasciculation relative scores were correlated with electrophysiological indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound is a valuable tool for monitoring peripheral nerve CSA and muscle fasciculations, both of which correlate with electrophysiological indices, in ALS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Glymphatic System in Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics: Clinical Implications, Its Evaluation, and Application to Therapeutics.","authors":"Masahiro Ohara, Takaaki Hattori","doi":"10.1159/000546286","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The glymphatic system is a waste clearance system that facilitates the efficient removal of interstitial solutes, including neurotoxic substances such as β-amyloid, from the central nervous system. Numerous studies have highlighted its pivotal role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disorders. A comprehensive understanding and accurate evaluation of the glymphatic system are of significant clinical importance. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that modulating glymphatic activity holds therapeutic potential, including enhancing drug delivery across the brain.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review consolidates current insights into the glymphatic system, addressing areas of consensus as well as ongoing controversies. The relationship between glymphatic dysfunction and CSF disorders is discussed, alongside advancements in evaluation methodologies. Additionally, therapeutic applications of glymphatic modulation are summarized, particularly its role in optimizing drug distribution within the brain.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the glymphatic system and highlights imaging techniques used to assess human glymphatic function, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast agents, diffusion tensor imaging, and emerging techniques such as MRI with 17O-labeled water. Furthermore, the therapeutic implications of glymphatic modulation are discussed, and directions for future research are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19115,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12158400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}