2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)最新文献_第3页

Advanced synchronizing systems improve reliability and flexibility of offshore power systems 先进的同步系统提高了海上电力系统的可靠性和灵活性

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435117

M. Thompson, Allen Li, Roy Luo, Michael C. Tu, Iris Urdaneta

引用次数: 5

Impact of light on safety in industrial environments 光对工业环境安全的影响

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435087

Asiri Jayawardena, David Duffy, J. Manahan

{"title":"Impact of light on safety in industrial environments","authors":"Asiri Jayawardena, David Duffy, J. Manahan","doi":"10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435087","url":null,"abstract":"Lighting impacts human performance, therefore, safety in industrial environments. Recent developments in light emitting diode (LED) lighting technology offer an opportunity for a scientific evaluation of the quality of light in industrial space. The possibility of reducing the risk of key causes of occupational hazards through effective application of lighting was evaluated. Vision science research was reviewed to identify mechanisms that could improve object detection, supra threshold visual performance, and response time. Metrics to quantify these mechanisms - small target visibility (STV), relative visual performance (RVP), mesopic luminance, and lighting system application efficacy (LSAE) - were reviewed and applied in the context of industrial lighting installations. Results indicate the potential to harness new lighting technology to enhance visual task performance, and thereby improve safety and productivity. Lighting can also contribute towards fatigue of industrial workers. Lighting could influence fatigue by degrading sleep quality of night shift workers, causing visual discomfort, and creating negative perception of the environment. Review of research, simulations, and calculations led the authors to develop a framework that links occupational injury incidents to lighting quality metrics for industrial environments. This framework needs to be validated using field studies that are designed based on this research. In this period of technology transition facility managers can use this study to benchmark technologies and installations for safety. This study presents value propositions that a versatile and controllable source such as LEDs could offer to industries.","PeriodicalId":191070,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114277255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Electrification of alkylation process with high speed motor drive system in a refinery 某炼油厂烷基化过程高速电机驱动系统的电气化

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435129

S. Dixon, S. Singhal, Troy Salazar

{"title":"Electrification of alkylation process with high speed motor drive system in a refinery","authors":"S. Dixon, S. Singhal, Troy Salazar","doi":"10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435129","url":null,"abstract":"Directly coupled, variable frequency driven electric motors are replacing turbines driving process compressors due to advances in increased efficiency, precise process control and quick return on investment. In the oil and gas industry, high speed motors directly coupled to centrifugal compressors are also filling the need for more megawatts at higher speeds. In applications with demanding structure and space limitations, the smaller motors are the driver of choice when compared to turbines or conventional two pole motors with speed increasing gears. Motor manufacturers have developed specifically designed motors for these and other demanding applications instead of using higher-speed 2 pole or 4 pole standard motors. For the discussed application reliable and optimized motor designs, especially the motor frame, rotor-bearing, enclosure, bearing shields and cooling, are designed to meet stringent vibration and noise requirements, which are defined in specifications such as API, IEC and ISO. This paper discusses design and testing of 3750 kW induction motor with oil film bearings at a speed range of 3880–5300 rpm to replace an existing steam turbine in an United States refinery.","PeriodicalId":191070,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124668166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Power systems analysis for unmanned offshore platform fed via a very long 13.8 kV submarine cable 通过超长13.8千伏海底电缆供电的无人海上平台电力系统分析

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435103

Joe Letef, Saud Al-Shammari, G. Fotiou, Don E. Martin

{"title":"Power systems analysis for unmanned offshore platform fed via a very long 13.8 kV submarine cable","authors":"Joe Letef, Saud Al-Shammari, G. Fotiou, Don E. Martin","doi":"10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435103","url":null,"abstract":"One of Saudi Aramco's gas exploration expansion plans consists of powering an unmanned offshore platform via a 13.8 kV submarine cable. The closest available source substation (SS) is located onshore; approximately 107 km from the platform. Power systems analyses were conducted under various loading conditions. Upon starting the 11500 HP motor, at the onshore SS, severe system voltage drops were observed. This led to a problematic voltage fluctuation at the offshore platform. The installation of a 13.8 kV shunt capacitor bank (SCB) and shunt reactor bank (SRB) at the offshore platform were initially introduced to remedy voltage control. During transient analysis, under faulty conditions adjacent to the SCB, the 13.8 kV circuit breaker (CB) will be exposed to an excessive transient recovery voltage (TRV) exceeding the limit of the 13.8 kV CB. The harmonic analysis indicated high values on the 5th, 7th and 11th harmonic voltage distortion. As a mitigation measures, the segregation of motor loads and non-motor loads at the SS eliminated the severe voltage drop. The installation of a static synchronous shunt compensator (STATCOM) at the offshore platform was also retained as it will eliminate the need for an SCB and SRB with the high TRVs and resolve the harmonic problems.","PeriodicalId":191070,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)","volume":"1901 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128001560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Converting to electric motors and adjustable speed drives: A case study of a 20,000HP gas turbine driven compressor 转换为电动机和可调速驱动器:一个20,000马力燃气轮机驱动压缩机的案例研究

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435109

Manish Verma, D. Parker, I. Grinbaum, J. Nanney

{"title":"Converting to electric motors and adjustable speed drives: A case study of a 20,000HP gas turbine driven compressor","authors":"Manish Verma, D. Parker, I. Grinbaum, J. Nanney","doi":"10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435109","url":null,"abstract":"Compressors of all forms, types and sizes are the workhorses of the oil & gas industry. Historically, the petrochemical industry has been dominated by mechanical prime movers like gas turbines, steam turbines, and diesel engines for multi-megawatt rotating machinery. Some installations date back almost 40-50 years. In recent times, the prime movers have become difficult and expensive to service and maintain. They often have lower efficiencies than new equipment and availability of spare parts can be difficult. As Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) permits expire and strict emission compliance is mandatory, many end users face the challenging task of decommissioning their entire compressor train and procuring a new one. However, a workable and cost-effective solution is to retrofit existing prime movers while retaining the functioning gas compressor. This paper will present a large pipeline company's experience in replacing an existing gas turbine driven axial compressor with an engineered electric motor driver and adjustable speed drive system (ASD). Issues such as power delivery, application, motor and drive voltage selection, harmonic distortion mitigation, ASD and motor cooling selection, and its effects on Motor & ASD design, and overall strategy for selection and procurement of the equipment will be discussed. The paper outlines a general guideline of how existing mechanical prime movers can be replaced with electric solutions, hence lowering operating cost and increasing efficiency, safety, environmental compliance and overall reliability of the entire compressor train from the utility down to the compressor shaft.","PeriodicalId":191070,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128014210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

ARC flash mitigation for 1500 substations: A corporate approach 1500个变电站的电弧闪速缓解:一种公司方法

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435133

Rakan Mahayni, Jamal Bugshan, R. Pragale

{"title":"ARC flash mitigation for 1500 substations: A corporate approach","authors":"Rakan Mahayni, Jamal Bugshan, R. Pragale","doi":"10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435133","url":null,"abstract":"Locations with excessive arc flash incident energy are discovered after conducting arc flash hazard assessment studies for equipment rated 38 kV and below for very large Oil & Gas company. After conducting many studies of power distribution systems for various plants (e.g. refineries, gas plants, gas oil separation plants, natural gas liquid plants, etc.), it was realized that dangerous locations (greater than 40 calories per square centimeter-cal/cm2) are somewhat consistent among various plant types. Consequently, planning and budgeting for implementing arc flash mitigation becomes predictable from a corporate perspective. Furthermore, specific arc flash mitigation techniques can be imbedded in the specifications of new projects as well as company material standards to avoid unnecessary retrofit activities after installation. More importantly, maintenance personnel can be effectively trained on arc flash mitigation and safe work practices when not too many solutions are utilized. This paper demonstrates a systematic approach to address dangerous arc flash locations for corporate planning purposes and provides practical mitigation solutions that can be applied at many company facilities.","PeriodicalId":191070,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121510145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Design and build electrical safety into construction projects 在建筑项目中设计和构建电气安全

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435094

D. Crow, D. Liggett, J. Mitchem, Frank Work

{"title":"Design and build electrical safety into construction projects","authors":"D. Crow, D. Liggett, J. Mitchem, Frank Work","doi":"10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435094","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, electrical safety is managed within a construction project when the project has introduced electrical current to the site rather than in the design phase. Project management may have discussed electrical safety in the design phase. Without including construction management, some key issues of electrical safety may have been overlooked and can cause safety concerns during the actual building process. Construction projects should include electrical safety with prevention through design as a core design principle. Electrical Safety should begin upstream in the design process and follow through the entire lifecycle of the project. The paper proposes including construction management of electrical safety throughout the entire project. It will also cover three broad areas of concern: 1) Management of temporary and permanent electrical power during all phases of construction. 2) Electrical safety when moving from de-energized equipment to energized equipment, and safety during commissioning. 3) How the equipment and the relevant safe guards under the control of construction transfers to the control of commissioning and operations. Each of these areas should be planned, designed, and decided before construction begins. Through involvement of the contractor in the planning and design phases many incidents and safety concerns can be avoided. Also time and money can be saved through planning of equipment delivery, placement, and energizing.","PeriodicalId":191070,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134538537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

API 541 variable speed medium voltage motors applied in a Class I, Div. 1 hazardous location — A case study 应用于I类，Div. 1危险场所的变速中压电动机-案例研究

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435089

Merwyn D'Souza, I. Malek, T. Rahill

{"title":"API 541 variable speed medium voltage motors applied in a Class I, Div. 1 hazardous location — A case study","authors":"Merwyn D'Souza, I. Malek, T. Rahill","doi":"10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435089","url":null,"abstract":"When a petrochemical installation requires the use of Class I, Division 1 electric motors for hazardous areas, end users in North America must find motors certified to the applicable national standards for such equipment. In North America, NFPA 70 (National Electric Code or NEC) and Canadian Electric Code Electric motors with explosion-proof certification are not unusual for low voltage installations, but are uncommon when larger power, medium voltage applications are required. Medium voltage motors with Class I, Division 2 suitability are common, but are hard to find with an explosion-proof certification. Petrochemical applications for medium voltage motors also commonly require use of the American Petrochemical Institute Standard 541. Further, some applications additionally require use of an Adjustable Speed Drive to vary the speed of the driven equipment to fit operational considerations. In one recent instance, when an end user attempted to specify a 1500 kW motor with the combination of explosion-proof certification, adjustable speed suitability and API 541 features/testing, no manufacturer in the world had such a motor available. While other solutions were considered, the end user preferred the straight forward approach that a Class I, Division 1 motor offered and decided to work with a manufacturer of motors meeting International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) flameproof standards to satisfy the combination of all application requirements for this installation. There are many differences between the NEC [5] and IEC systems governing hazardous areas and motor certifications are not interchangeable. The end user's engineers had to learn and understand the differences between these systems and this case study addresses many of the technical requirements, issues, and effort required to successfully deliver this motor to the project.","PeriodicalId":191070,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122621294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medium voltage autotransformer failures: Explaining the unexplained — Continuation of the story 中压自耦故障:解释无法解释的原因-故事的继续

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/pcicon.2015.7435125

L.B. Farr, D. Shipp, Arthur J. Smith, Paul P. Goodman, Steven Johnston

引用次数: 4

Product standards requirements for explosionproof and flameproof tapered threaded connections 防爆和隔爆锥形螺纹连接的产品标准要求

2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC) Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435113

G. Steinman, Steve Blais

{"title":"Product standards requirements for explosionproof and flameproof tapered threaded connections","authors":"G. Steinman, Steve Blais","doi":"10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PCICON.2015.7435113","url":null,"abstract":"Recent hazardous locations electrical product standards revisions have impacted the thread designs used for the explosion flame path in explosionproof equipment. These revisions are a result of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards requirements impacting the product standards used in North America. The mating of threads in a hazardous location is a critical component to ensure both the integrity of the mechanical strength and ingress protection of the enclosure as well as the flame extinguishing performance of the male and female thread mating area. Newer hazardous locations product thread designs can appear to be much longer in thread availability. Inter-changeability of new design threads with older design threads can have a visual appearance of fewer threads of engagement as the longer thread length can result in the same amount of threads engaged as the older design with fewer available threads. However, not all threads are engaged into the female entry. This paper provides an overview of the industry standards revisions, the product design impacts, and the inter-mating of new thread designs compared with old thread designs. Graphic illustrations and photographs of these designs provide readers the guidance for applying hazardous locations electrical products into Class I environments. An overview of the design implications while maintaining National Electrical Code minimum thread engagement criteria is provided.","PeriodicalId":191070,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115262741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0