Molecular Cytogenetics最新文献

{"title":"Application of non-invasive prenatal testing to 91,280 spontaneous pregnancies and 3477 pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization.","authors":"Rong Wei, Jingran Li, Yuanyuan Xia, Chaohong Wang, Xinran Lu, Yuqin Fang, Jiansheng Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00656-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13039-023-00656-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many clinical studies based on spontaneous pregnancies (SPs) have demonstrated the superiority of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), and the question of whether this technology is suitable for offspring conceived by assisted reproductive technology has attracted attention. This study aimed to evaluate the application value of NIPT in screening for trisomy (T)21, T18, T13 and sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA) in pregnant women who conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, there were 804 high-risk cases [0.88% (804/91280), singleton = 795, twin = 9] in the SP group. Among the 558 invasive prenatal diagnosis (IPD) cases (singleton = 556, twin = 2), 343 (singleton = 342, twin = 1) were true positive, including 213 cases of T21, 28 of T18, 5 of T13 and 97 (singleton = 96, twin = 1) of SCA. The positive predictive values (PPVs) of T21, T18, T13, SCA and T21/T18/T13 combined in singleton pregnancy were 89.12% (213/239), 51.85% (28/54), 21.74% (5/23), 40.00% (96/240), and 77.85% (246/316), respectively, and the PPV of SCA in twin pregnancy was 100.00%. In the IVF group, IPD was performed in 19 (singleton = 16, twin = 3) of the 27 high-risk cases [0.78% (27/3477), singleton = 16, twin = 3], of which 9 (singleton = 8, twin = 1) were true positive, including 5 cases (singleton = 4, twin = 1) of T21 and 4 of SCA. The PPVs of singleton T21, SCA and T21/T18/T13 combined were 66.67% (4/6), 50.00% (4/8) and 57.14% (4/7), respectively, and the PPV of twin T21 was 100.00% (1/1). There were no significant differences in PPV among T21, SCA and T21/T18/T13 combined in singletons between the groups (89.12% vs. 66.67%, p = 0.09; 40.00% vs. 50.00%, p = 0.57; 77.85% vs. 57.14%, p = 0.20). The sensitivity and specificity were higher for singleton and twin pregnancies in the two groups. Based on follow-up results, 1 case of false negative T21 was found in the singleton SP group. Additionally, the mean foetal fraction (FF) of the IVF group was lower than that of the SP group (11.23% vs. 10.51%, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NIPT has high sensitivity and specificity in screening chromosomal aneuploidies in both IVF pregnancy and spontaneous pregnancy, so it is an ideal screening method for IVF pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10507956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41145782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytogenetic profile of 1791 adult acute myeloid leukemia in India.","authors":"Vivi M Srivastava, Sukesh Chandran Nair, Marimuthu Sappani, Marie-Therese Manipadam, Uday P Kulkarni, Anup J Devasia, N A Fouzia, Anu Korula, Kavitha M Lakshmi, Aby Abraham, Alok Srivastava","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00653-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13039-023-00653-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cytogenetic analysis continues to have an important role in the management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) because it is essential for prognostication. It is also necessary to diagnose specific categories of AML and to determine the most effective form of treatment. Reports from South Asia are few because the availability of cytogenetic services is relatively limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective analysis of the cytogenetic findings in adults with AML seen consecutively in a single centre in India. The results were categorised according to the 2022 World Health Organisation (WHO), International Consensus Classification (ICC) and European LeukemiaNet (ELN) classifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 1791 patients aged 18-85 years (median age 42, 1086 males). Normal karyotypes were seen in 646 (36%) patients. The 1145 (64%) abnormal karyotypes comprised 585 (32.7%) with recurrent genetic abnormalities (RGA), 403 (22.5%) with myelodysplasia-related cytogenetic abnormalities (MRC), and 157 (8.8%) with other abnormalities. There were 567 (31.7%) patients with solitary abnormalities and 299 (16.7%) with two abnormalities. Among the 279 (15.6%) patients with ≥ 3 abnormalities, 200 (11.2%) had complex karyotypes (CK) as per the WHO/ICC and 184 (10.3%), as per the ELN definition. There were 158 (8.8%) monosomal karyotypes (MK). Patients with normal karyotypes had a higher median age (45 years) than those with abnormal karyotypes (40 years, p < 0.001), and those with ≥ 3 abnormalities (43 years), than those with fewer abnormalities (39 years, p = 0.005). Patients with CK (WHO/ICC) and monosomal karyotypes had a median age of 48 years. Those with RGA had a lower median age (35 years, p < 0.001) than MRC (46 years) or other abnormalities (44 years). The t(15;17) was the most common abnormality (16.7%),followed by trisomy 8 (11.6%), monosomy 7/del 7q (9.3%), t(8;21) (7.2%), monosomy 5/del 5q (6.7%) and monosomy 17/del 17p (5.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings confirm the lower age profile of AML in India and show similarities and differences with respect to the frequencies of individual abnormalities compared to the literature. The frequencies of the t(15;17), trisomy 8 and the high-risk abnormalities monosomy 7 and monosomy 5/del 5q were higher, and that of the inv(16), lower than in most reports.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10504794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10670959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and cytogenetic analysis of small supernumerary marker chromosomes in prenatal diagnosis.","authors":"Yang Yang, Wang Hao","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00655-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13039-023-00655-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) is a structurally abnormal chromosome of unknown origin by conventional cytogenetics. The understanding of clinical significance of sSMC is still limited in prenatal diagnosis. The presence of sSMC poses a challenge for genetic counselling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained the clinical information of 25 cases with sSMC. The fetal samples were subjected to multiple molecular and cytogenetic approaches including karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis, bacterial artificial chromosomes-on-beads assay, and fluorescence in situ hybridization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven sSMCs were found to be r(X), and five of the cases terminated the pregnancy. Three markers were idic(15), and one of the cases was normal at birth. Two markers were i(12p), and both cases terminated the pregnancy. Other markers were r(Y) (outcome: normal at birth), i(18p) (outcome: stillbirth), der(15) (outcome: terminated), del(9) (outcome: terminated), dup(13) (outcome: follow-up loss), and derived from chromosome 21 (outcome: stillbirth). Seven markers were of unknown origin because not all methods were applied to them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Applying multiple molecular and cytogenetic approaches could identify the origin and genetic content of sSMC to assist the genetic counselling in prenatal diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10476427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10159700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal diagnosis and early childhood outcome of fetuses with extremely large nuchal translucency.","authors":"Hang Zhou, Xin Yang, CuiXing Yi, Huizhu Zhong, Simin Yuan, Min Pan, Dongzhi Li, Can Liao","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00650-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13039-023-00650-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the prenatal and perinatal outcome of fetuses with extremely large nuchal translucency (eNT) thickness (≥ 6.5 mm).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>193 (0.61%) singleton fetuses with eNT were retrospectively included. Anomaly scan, echocardiography, and chromosomal and genetic test were included in our antenatal investigation. Postnatal follow-up was offered to all newborns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Major congenital anomalies included congenital heart defect (32.6%, 63/193), hydrops fetalis (13.5%, 26/193), omphalocele (9.3%, 18/193), and skeletal dysplasia (7.8%, 15/193) et al. Abnormal karyotype was identified in 81/115 (70.4%) cases including Turner syndrome (n = 47), Trisomy 18 (n = 17), Trisomy 21 (n = 9), and Trisomy 13 (n = 3). Chromosomal microarray analysis provided informative results with 3.6% (1/28) incremental diagnostic yield over conventional karyotyping. The diagnostic yield of exome sequencing is 10.0% (2/20). There was no significant increase [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.974; 95% confidence interval 0.863-4.516; P = 0.104] in the incidence of chromosomal defects despite the presence of other structural anomalies. Only 13 fetuses were successfully followed up and survived at term, no one was found with developmental delay or mental retardation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Extremely large NT has a high risk of chromosomal abnormality. CMA and ES improve chromosomal genomic and genetic diagnosis of fetal increased NT. When cytogenetic analysis and morphology assessment are both normal, the outcome is good.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10475177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10504977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A de novo mutation of ADAMTS8 in a patient with Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome.","authors":"Sifeng Wang, Shuyuan Yan, Jingjun Xiao, Ying Chen, Anji Chen, Aimin Deng, Tuanmei Wang, Jun He, Xiangwen Peng","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00654-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13039-023-00654-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the KMT2A gene and is usually characterized by hairy elbows, short stature, developmental delay, intellectual disability and obvious facial dysmorphism.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here, we report a 5-year-old girl with clinical features similar to WDSTS, including postnatal growth delay, retarded intellectual development, and ocular hypertelorism. Through whole-exome sequencing (WES), a frameshift variant of KMT2A was found in the patient but not in her parents' genomic DNA. By bioinformatics analysis, the KMT2A variant was demonstrated to be the top candidate pathogenic variant for the clinical phenotype consistent with WDSTS. Moreover, a duplication of exon 1 in ADAMTS8 (belonging to the zinc metalloproteinase family) was found in the genomic DNA of this patient, which may be responsible for the characteristics that are different from those of WDSTS, including early teething, rapid tooth replacement, and dysplastic enamel.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From the above results, we propose that in our patient, the frameshift variant in KMT2A is the main reason for the WDSTS phenotype, and the unreported mutation in ADAMTS8 may be the candidate reason for other characteristics that are different from those of WDSTS. Therefore, this study not only provides a new KMT2A variant associated with WDSTS but is also a reminder that combined mutations may be present in a case with more characteristics than those seen in WDSTS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10469774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10139630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal diagnosis of paternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 2 in two fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction.","authors":"Xuemei Tan, Bailing Liu, Tizhen Yan, Xiaobao Wei, Yanfeng Qin, Dingyuan Zeng, Dejian Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00647-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13039-023-00647-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uniparental disomy (UPD) is when all or part of the homologous chromosomes are inherited from only one of the two parents. Currently, UPD has been reported to occur for almost all chromosomes. In this study, we report two cases of UPD for chromosome 2 (UPD2) encountered during prenatal diagnosis. The ultrasound findings of the fetuses from two unrelated families showed intrauterine growth restriction. The karyotype analyses were normal. The two fetuses both had complete paternal chromosome 2 uniparental disomy detected by whole-exome sequencing, but their clinical outcomes were significantly different, with fetal arrest in case 1 and birth in case 2. In this report, we analyzed and discussed the phenotypes of the fetuses in these two cases and reviewed the literature on UPD2.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10464012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10118206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel approach for direct detection of the IGH::CRLF2 gene fusion by fluorescent in situ hybridization.","authors":"Rosa María González-Arreola, Adriana García-Romero, María Teresa Magaña-Torres, Juan Ramón González-García","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00652-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13039-023-00652-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High expression of the Cytokine Receptor-Like Factor 2 (CRLF2) gene has been observed in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia BCR-ABL1-like subtype. Currently, there is no commercial system available for the direct detection of the IGH::CRLF2 fusion by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), as there are for many other leukemia-related gene fusions. In an effort to verify the IGH::CRLF2 fusion, some researchers prepare home-grown FISH probes from bacterial artificial chromosome clones flanking the IGH and CRLF2 genes, which is the best alternative to confirm the fusion, however difficult to reproduce in most cytogenetic laboratories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the direct observation of the IGH::CRLF2 gene fusion we designed a methodological approach requiring the two commercially available IGH and CRLF2 break-apart probes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our methodological approach allows direct visualization of the IGH::CRLF2 gene fusion and has the potential to be used for identification of other gene fusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9995275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a novel isolated 4q35.2 microdeletion in a Chinese pediatric patient using chromosomal microarray analysis: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Jianlong Zhuang,&nbsp;Shufen Liu,&nbsp;Xinying Chen,&nbsp;Yuying Jiang,&nbsp;Chunnuan Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00651-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-023-00651-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isolated terminal 4q35.2 microdeletion is an extremely rare copy number variant affecting people all over the world. To date, researchers still have controversial opinions and results on its pathogenicity. Here, we aim to present a Chinese pediatric patient with terminal 4q35.2 microdeletion and use this case to clarify the underlying genotype-phenotype correlation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 17-year-old boy from Quanzhou, South China, was recruited as the main subject in this study. Karyotype and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based microarray analysis were carried out to detect chromosomal abnormalities and copy number variants in this family. Trio whole exome sequencing (Trio-WES) was performed to investigate the potential pathogenic variant in this family.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During observation, we identified abnormal clinical phenotypes including upper eyelid ptosis, motor developmental delay, abnormal posturing, abnormality of coordination, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and involuntary movements in the patient. SNP array analysis results confirmed a case of 2.0 Mb 4q35.2 microdeletion and parental SNP array verification results indicated that the terminal 4q35.2 microdeletion was inherited from his mother. No copy number variants were detected in his father. In addition, the trio-WES results demonstrated none of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study brings a novel analysis of a case of 2.0 Mb terminal 4q35.2 microdeletion affecting a Chinese individual. In addition, additional clinical symptoms such as upper eyelid ptosis and involuntary movements were first reported to affect a patient with terminal 4q35.2 microdeletion, which may broaden the phenotype spectrum of the condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10399047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10295114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating residual leukemic cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a practical approach using a streamlined interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization method on cerebrospinal fluid.","authors":"Knarik Karapetyan,&nbsp;Mane Gizhlaryan,&nbsp;Olga Kalinovskaia,&nbsp;Anna Hovhannisyan,&nbsp;Gohar Tadevosyan,&nbsp;Lilit Matinyan,&nbsp;Gevorg Tamamyan,&nbsp;Narine Ghazaryan","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00649-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-023-00649-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A precise diagnosis of central nervous system involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) requires comprehensive knowledge of morphological analysis, with a focus on the quantity and quality of cells being examined. Some research has utilized techniques such as immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytospin samples to detect any remaining leukemic cells in the CSF. To obtain reliable results using immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, it is essential to use freshly collected specimens within a limited timeframe. At the same time, PCR requires a sufficient number of cells for DNA extraction. On the other hand, the iFISH procedure on CSF cytospin samples can be challenging and requires practice. Therefore, there is a need for a fast, easy method that will be affordable and marketable in laboratories where the above methods are not available, or the sample is insufficient to use those methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The samples were prepared by centrifugation of 1 mL aliquots of CSF collected into EDTA tubes. The CSF sample was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 3 min, the supernatant was removed, and the pellet was placed in KCl hypotonic solution for 5 min at 37 °C. Other steps (fixation, hybridization, wash steps, and analysis) were the same as in the standard protocol for blood samples. The BCR-ABL1 rearrangements were performed and evaluated in 200 interphase cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>90% of Ph(+) cells were found in CSF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We propose a significantly streamlined iFISH method for detecting blast/residual leukemic cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia using CSF as a complementary test option.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10375734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9873817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two cases of placental trisomy 21 mosaicism causing false-negative NIPT results.","authors":"Qinfei Zhao,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Ling Ren,&nbsp;Huijuan Zhang,&nbsp;Dedong Liu,&nbsp;Xuxiang Xi,&nbsp;Xiangsheng Wu,&nbsp;Chunyun Fang,&nbsp;Ping Ye,&nbsp;Shaoying Zeng,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s13039-023-00643-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-023-00643-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) using cell-free DNA has been widely used for prenatal screening to detect the common fetal aneuploidies (such as trisomy 21, 18, and 13). NIPT has been shown to be highly sensitive and specific in previous studies, but false positives (FPs) and false negatives (FNs) occur. Although the prevalence of FN NIPT results for Down syndrome is rare, the impact on families and society is significant.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This article described two cases of foetuses that tested \"negative\" for trisomy 21 by NIPT technology using the semiconductor sequencing platform. However, the fetal karyotypes of amniotic fluid were 46,XY, + 21 der(21;21)(q10;q10) and 47,XY, + 21 karyotypes, respectively. Placental biopsies confirmed that, in the first case, the chromosome 21 placenta chimerism ratio ranged from 13 to 88% with the 46,XX, + 21,der(21;21)(q10;q10)[86]/46,XX[14] karyotype of placental chorionic cells (middle of fetal-side placental tissue). However, in the second case, of all the placental biopsies, percentage of total chimerism was less than 30%; and placental biopsies taken at the middle of maternal side and middle of fetal side, also had variable trisomy 2 mosaicism levels of 10% and 8%, respectively. Ultimately, the pregnancies were interrupted at 30 gestational age (GA) and 27GA, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, we present two cases of FN NIPT results that might have been caused by biological mechanisms, as opposed to poor quality, technical errors, or negligence. Clinical geneticists and their patients must understand that NIPT is a screening procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":19099,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","volume":"16 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10347865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9814539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}