{"title":"Multiphoton Ionization for the Production of X-Ray Laser Plasmas","authors":"P. Corkum, N. Burnett","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.hilim225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.hilim225","url":null,"abstract":"In the long wavelength (or high intensity) limit, above threshold ionization (ATI) is primarily the result of the interaction of a newly freed electron with the laser field. A classical model of ATI predicts that the energy of a newly released electron can be controlled by varying the laser wavelength and polarization. Similar predictions are made by Keldysh-style theories. Measurements, performed using both linearly and circularly polarized picosecond 10 μm pulses, confirm these conclusions.\u0000 Cold, high-Z plasmas for recombination XUV lasers can be produced by multiphoton ionization with linearly polarized visible or UV radiation. Hot electrons, potentially suitable for electron-pumping of ionization-phase XUV lasers can be produced using longer wavelength or circularly polarized light.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122562132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Barletta, M. Attac, D. Cline, J. Kolonko, X. Wang, A. Bhowmik, B. Bobbs, R. Cover, F. Dixon, G. Rakowsky, J. Gallardo, C. Pellegrini, G. Westenskow
{"title":"Compact X-Ray Free-Electron Laser","authors":"W. Barletta, M. Attac, D. Cline, J. Kolonko, X. Wang, A. Bhowmik, B. Bobbs, R. Cover, F. Dixon, G. Rakowsky, J. Gallardo, C. Pellegrini, G. Westenskow","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos202","url":null,"abstract":"We present a design concept and simulation of the performance of a compact x-ray, free electron laser driven by ultra-high gradient rf-linacs. The accelerator design is based on recent advances in high gradient technology by a LLNL/SLAC/LBL collaboration† and on the development of bright, high current electron sources by BNL and LANL. The GeV electron beams generated with such accelerators can be converted to soft x-rays in the range from 2-10 nm by passage through short period, high field strength wigglers as are being designed at Rocketdyne. Linear light sources of this type can produce trains of picosecond (or shorter) pulses of extremely high spectral brilliance suitable for flash holography of biological specimens in vivo and for studies of fast chemical reactions.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125727306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junhua Yu, S. Sun, Yongkang Cheng, Chen Tang, Z. Ma
{"title":"Transversely Optically Pumped Ultraviolet Laser in the Range of 330-390 nm","authors":"Junhua Yu, S. Sun, Yongkang Cheng, Chen Tang, Z. Ma","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos129","url":null,"abstract":"A series of six laser lines at 330-390 nm on the \u0000B3∑x−→X3∑y− transition in sulfur dimer vapor transversely-pumped by a XeCl laser at 308.1nm was first observed and the corresponding absorption coefficient and snail signal gain coefficient were measured. The mean gain is about 0.30 cm-1.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"503 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134005258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Stark Effect in Atoms at Extremely High Intensities: Ponderomotive Potentials and All That","authors":"R. Freeman","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.hilim214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.hilim214","url":null,"abstract":"Recent measurements of the kinetic energies of photoelectrons produced in multiphoton ionization of the rare gases for ultra-short (≤ 250 femtosec), high intensity (≈1014W/cm2) light near 616 nm reveals a complex spectra, rich in structure with some features so narrow in energy that they are limited by the spectrometer resolution. In this paper I show that this thoroughly unanticipated result is a signature of a general phenomena, one that is present (but often hidden) in all multiphoton experiments regardless of the pulse length employed in the particular experiment. Further, I argue this phenomena is directly related to the ponderomotive potential associated with the \"wiggle\" motion that an electron executes under the influence of an intense optical field.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133914003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Advances and Prospects of Bragg-Fresnel Optics","authors":"V. Aristov","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.od318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.od318","url":null,"abstract":"Diffraction optics, i.e. Fresnel zone plates, holograms and diffraction gratings, has a limited application in the optical wavelength range. A decrease in wavelength to 100 nm and less changes conventional relationships between different types of optical elements owing to the change in the radiation-substance interaction since absorption starts to play a more important role as compared to refraction. Therefore at 1 nm≲λ≲100nm focusing elements may be fabricated only from thin membranes di stinguished by an abrupt change of either absorption (amplitude zone plates) or transmitted wave phase (phase zone plates).","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128675647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Haddad, D. Cullen, J. C. Solemt, K. Boyer, C. Rhodes
{"title":"X-Ray Fourier-Transform Holographic Microscope","authors":"W. Haddad, D. Cullen, J. C. Solemt, K. Boyer, C. Rhodes","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.mh284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.mh284","url":null,"abstract":"The properties of an x-ray Fourier-transform holographic instrument suitable for imaging hydrated biological samples are described.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"360 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122782359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of Metal-Coated Diffraction Gratings at Grazing and Near Normal Incidence as Harmonic Scrubbers","authors":"P. Wantuck, Q. Appert, K. Tong, D. Pistoresi","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.od329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.od329","url":null,"abstract":"High power free electron lasers (PEL) can produce significant amounts of harmonic radiation. These harmonic components represent a substantial damage threat to the optical elements comprising the laser resonator. In this paper we discuss the merits of using blind gratings in both the paraboloid and grazing incidence hyperboloid mirrors of a 1.06-micron FEL under construction by the Boeing Aerospace Company. Grating designs developed for use at grazing incidence are not very efficient for dispersing the harmonics. However, blind gratings positioned in the paraboloid exhibit better filtering capability.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126258964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Gibson, R. Rosman, T. S. Luk, I. Mcintyre, A. Mcpherson, G. Wendin, K. Boyer, C. Rhodes
{"title":"Characteristics of a Non-Equilibrium Picosecond Laser Plasma","authors":"G. Gibson, R. Rosman, T. S. Luk, I. Mcintyre, A. Mcpherson, G. Wendin, K. Boyer, C. Rhodes","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.hilim246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.hilim246","url":null,"abstract":"VUV spectra of a highly ionized argon plasma produced by a high-power subpicosecond laser are analyzed to determine the electron temperature. The calculated electron temperature is too low to support the highest observed charge state, showing the plasma charge state distribution to be out of Saha equilibrium.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126603178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Amplification and Gain Measurement of Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation (42.4Å, 45Å and 46Å) in He-like Al Laser Plasma","authors":"K. Muroo, Y. Tanaka, H. Kuroda","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos65","url":null,"abstract":"Concerning the extreme ultraviolet lasing in the laser-produced plasma, He -like Al scheme is atractive because the wavewlength of He-like 3-2 transitions are shorter than any other transition ever done, and very close to the water window. This scheme is expected to give a large population inversion caused by the rapid decaying of the n=2 level, and the great feed to the n=3 levels by the cascade radiative transitions and two electron transitions through the autoionized states.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133123805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observation of Extreme Ultraviolet Amplification in 3-2 (42~46Å)/ 4-3(130.5Å) and 5-4(305Å) Transitions in Laser Produced He-like Al Plasma","authors":"H. Kuroda, K. Muroo, K. Naito, Y. Tanaka","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos11","url":null,"abstract":"To demonstrate the XUV stimulated emission process in plasma produced by 100ps glass-laser pulse, close to the water window region, XUV and X-ray spectroscopic measurements are done by adopting He-like Al 3-2, 4-3 or 5-4 transition scheme. This scheme is simple and predictable by the spectroscopic analysis, and suitable to demonstrate the induced emission of the shorter wavelength than any other transition ever attained.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128537408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}