W. Sasaki, K. Kurosawa, P. Herman, K. Yoshida, Y. Kato
{"title":"Intense Coherent Radiation in the VUV and XUV Region with Electron Beam Pumped Rare Gas Excimer Lasers","authors":"W. Sasaki, K. Kurosawa, P. Herman, K. Yoshida, Y. Kato","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos184","url":null,"abstract":"Rare gas excimer lasers are attractive sources for applications in laser spectroscopy, plasma diagnostics and photolytic pumping of other lasers. Since 1981, we have developed high-power rare-gas excimer lasers pumped by a pulsed electron beam and studied their performance using tunable cavities [1,2].","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122896381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time-resolved study of surface recombination at Si(111) surfaces","authors":"N. Halas, J. Bokor","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.soa392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.soa392","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the technologically important phenomenon of nonradiative surface recombination at semiconductor surfaces and interfaces is very poorly understood. Since the phenomenon was initially described by Shockley, Bardeen, and others over 30 years ago, knowledge of the basic physics has progressed surprisingly little. We have endeavored to obtain a complete microscopic understanding of surface recombination at a semiconductor surface, including knowledge of the surface-state electronic structure and the detailed kinetics of the bulk-surface transfer of charge carriers. The Si(111) cleaved surface is an excellent model system for this study since the surface electronic structure is extremely well known experimentally and theoretically. There is a single intrinsic mid-gap state at 0.45 eV above the bulk valence band maximum (vbm) which is labelled π*. Previously, infrared radiation was used[1] to selectively excite the π* state without exciting the bulk and the details of its decay kinetics were measured. We have now directly observed the role played by this state in surface recombination of bulk electrons and holes.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"319 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115835894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Soft X-Ray Lasing of Li-like Ions in Laser-Produced Plasmas*","authors":"Y. T. Lee, W. M. Howard","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos135","url":null,"abstract":"Several demonstrations of lasing in the extreme–ultraviolet (XUV) wavelength region have been successfully achieved using either collision or recombination pumping. The first successful demonstration was reported for the 3p–3s transitions in Ne–like selenium ions. Laser transitions at shorter wavelengths have also been achieved by using the 4d–4p transitions in Ni–like ions. These schemes are based on collisional excitation pumping, while in other successful schemes the upper lasing levels are populated directly by recombination processes.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130766434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Symmetries and Asymmetries in Above-Threshold Ionization","authors":"P. Bucksbaum, M. Bashkansky, D. Schumacher","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.hilim258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.hilim258","url":null,"abstract":"Angular distributions of atomic electrons photoionized above threshold by intense elliptically polarized light contain strong asymmetries with respect to reflection about either principal polarization axis.1 These observations, which contradict Keldysh-Faisal-Reiss theory predictions,2,3,4 point to the significant role of the long range electrostatic potential of the ion in shaping the wave function of the outgoing electron. The experimental evidence for this phenomenon is reviewed for helium, krypton, and xenon photoelectron spectra, as a function of laser intensity, polarization, and electron energy.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134509591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Nishimura, H. Shiraga, H. Daido, T. Tachi, P. Herman, E. Miura, H. Takabe, M. Yamanaka, Y. Kato, G. Tallents, M. Key
{"title":"Time Development of Amplification in Na XI Hα-Line at 54.19 Å","authors":"H. Nishimura, H. Shiraga, H. Daido, T. Tachi, P. Herman, E. Miura, H. Takabe, M. Yamanaka, Y. Kato, G. Tallents, M. Key","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos137","url":null,"abstract":"Temporal behavior of the Na XI Balmer-α (Hα) transition in a laser-produced. NaF plasma is experimentally investigated. The time variation of the gain value was derived from the ratio of the Hα intensities along and transverse to the x-ray laser axis. The Na XI Hα line is amplified during 100-500 psec after laser irradiation with the maximum gain of 2-4 cm−1. The experimental result is in close agreement with a model calculation using a 2-dimensional hydrodynamic code.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124162487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrahigh Peak Power Pulses Produced by Chirped Pulse Amplification","authors":"P. Maine, D. Strickland, B. Bado, G. Mourou","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos165","url":null,"abstract":"Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA)1 allows the amplification of short laser pulses in amplifying media with good storage properties (low transition cross section) like Nd:glass1,2 or Alexandrite.3-4 In these media, straight amplification cannot be performed well, because of the large input flux necessary to reach efficient energy extraction. This condition leads to unacceptable peak powers. To minimize the intensity effects, the pulse is stretched, amplified, and recompressed. This technique allows an efficient energy extraction while maintaining a good beam quality. The intensity is kept below the onset level of small-scale focusing, occurring when values of the B integral are larger than three. We recall that the B integral is given by the expression.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121961742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum-Mechanical Interference in Four-Wave Mixing","authors":"P. B. Chappie, K. Baldwin, H. Bachor","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos125","url":null,"abstract":"Interference between two different quantum-mechanical pathways for 4 wave mixing in sodium vapor has been observed. The 4 wave mixing was enhanced by 2-photon resonance with the 5s state, for one pathway, and the 4d state, for the other. The phase of the interference could be varied continuously by varying laser frequencies, and constructive and destructive interference effects were studied. A model based on third-order perturbation theory gives a good description of the features observed.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129870359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"All short pulse multiphoton ionization is resonant ionization","authors":"W. Cooke, R. Freeman, T. Mcilrath","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.soa422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.soa422","url":null,"abstract":"Energy resolved photoelectron spectra of multiphoton ionization taken with a 300 fs laser pulse at 616 nm shows that the ionization probability is highly structured as a function of laser intensity. The spectrum is consistent with all of the ionization occurring at intensity resonances.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128177857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Prospects for Free-Electron Lasers in the Extreme Ultraviolet*","authors":"B. Newnam","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos200","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, free-electron laser (FEL) oscillators and amplifiers have produced coherent radiation over a broad spectral range extending from 463 nm in the visible to millimeter wavelengths as summarized graphically in Fig. 1. These successful demonstrations have encouraged a number of research centers to boldly consider extension of this electron-accelerator-based technology to the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) below 100 nm where no powerful, tunable, coherent-radiation source presently exists. Here, the peak- and average-power output of FEL oscillators and amplifiers should surpass the capabilities of any existing, continuously tunable photon sources by many orders of magnitude.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133007757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CO2 Laser-Heated Plasmas for Electron-Collisionally Pumped XUV Laser Studies","authors":"G. Enright, N. Burnett","doi":"10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/swcr.1988.swlos84","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a series of experiments to characterize plasmas produced by moderate intensity (≈ 2x1013 W/cm2), nanosecond pulse, CO2 laser irradiation of planar targets using both line (150 μm x 7 mm) and spherical (1mm diam.) focussing optics. X-ray line and continuum diagnostics have been used to infer a heat front penetration of about 20 μgm/cm2 at temperatures of approximately 300 eV. We observe only minor differences between targets whose mass is small compared to the hot electron range and much more massive ones, indicating a poor efficiency for hot electron reflexing in thin targets. In the case of Cu targets, observations of L shell x-ray transitions from neon and fluorine-like ions show a similar ionization distribution to 1 μm laser produced plasmas in which gain has recently been demonstrated. The Ne-like Cu XX 3p-3s emission lines have been observed. A comparison of on-axis to off-axis spectra provides evidence for gain on these lines.","PeriodicalId":190758,"journal":{"name":"Short Wavelength Coherent Radiation: Generation and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123309438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}