R. Beal, D. Kusnierkiewicz, J. MacArthur, F. Monaldo, S. F. Oden
{"title":"A lightweight Spectrasat concept for global ocean wave monitoring","authors":"R. Beal, D. Kusnierkiewicz, J. MacArthur, F. Monaldo, S. F. Oden","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516595","url":null,"abstract":"For more than two decades, spaceborne SAR has been advocated as a practical means of monitoring directional ocean wave spectra. Seasat, ERS-1 and -2, JERS-1, Almaz, the Shuttle Imaging Radars A, B, and C, and most recently Radarsat have all carried SARs that have been or are being used to monitor the spatial evolution of wind-driven waves, with the hope (or promise) of improving storm prognosis. Yet it has been well known for more than a decade that all the higher altitude platforms (Seasat, ERS-1 and -2, JERS-1, and Radarsat) suffer serious imaging problems caused by the moving ocean scatterers, which effectively act to filter along-track waves shorter than about 300 m wavelength. Nevertheless, substantial effort has been expended toward the problem of understanding the SAR transfer function, and toward optimally assimilating the SAR wave estimates into operational wave forecast models. Unfortunately, these efforts at assimilation are unlikely to yield their intended results (i.e., improved wave forecasts) without a much lower altitude operational SAR platform. The authors present the details of a possible small, low-altitude satellite remote sensing system.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125001809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating correlations between radar data and mangrove forests characteristics","authors":"C. Proisy, E. Mougin, F. Fromard","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516458","url":null,"abstract":"Presents a statistical analysis of multifrequency and multipolarisation SAR data acquired over mangrove forests of French Guyana. A large SAR data set, acquired by both spaceborne (ERS-1, JERS-1, SIR-C) and airborne (NASA/JPL AIRSAR) systems has been collected. Different test sites were selected in French Guyana, in order to picture the successional stages of mangrove dynamics, characterized by their specific floristic, structural and functioning parameters. Intensive field measurements were performed over these sites. Standing biomass values are then derived. This data set is used to assess the capability of SAR systems to retrieve structural parameters of mangrove forests. Statistical relationships between AIRSAR multipolarisation data and mangrove parameters are shown.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126141560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Registration of SAR images using the chirp scaling algorithm","authors":"D. Fernandes, G. Waller, J. Moreira","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516479","url":null,"abstract":"Provides a procedure to process and register simultaneously SAR data from spaceborne sensors. The procedure is based on the extended chirp scaling algorithm described in correlated papers. The performance of the developed processor has been tested with simulated and real SAR data.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123693644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparison of three neural network classifiers for remote sensing classification","authors":"S. Gopal, M. Fischer","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516475","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the use of neural network classifiers for the pattern classification problem in remote sensing. The performance of multi-layer perceptron (MLP), radial basis function, and fuzzy ARTMAP networks is evaluated using a Landsat-5 TM scene of the northern section of the city of Vienna, Austria. Classification accuracies obtained from the neural network classifiers are compared with a benchmark, the maximum likelihood classifier. In addition to the evaluation of classification accuracy, the neural networks are analyzed for their generalization capability and stability of results. Best overall results (in terms of accuracy and convergence time) are obtained using fuzzy ARTMAP followed by MLP (with weight elimination). Their classification error on the training data set are zero and 7.87% respectively; classification error on the testing data set are 10.24% and less than 2 percent. Simulation results serve to illustrate the properties of the various classifiers in general, as well as the stability of the result with respect to various critical control parameters, initial parameter conditions, training time, and different training and testing data sets.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125429068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Le Toan, F. Ribbes, T. Hahn, N. Floury, U. R. Wasrin
{"title":"Use of ERS-1 SAR data for forest monitoring in South Sumatra","authors":"T. Le Toan, F. Ribbes, T. Hahn, N. Floury, U. R. Wasrin","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516495","url":null,"abstract":"In the frame of the joint ESA-CEC TREES project, the capacity of ERS-1 SAR data for mapping tropical forest, has been evaluated. The authors investigate new methods of discriminating forests from deforested areas using ERS-1 data over South Sumatra. The method developed is based on the temporal variation of the radar backscatter assessed by the ratio between two images, which permit to reduce the effect of terrain topography. The results show that using multitemporal data, with optimal acquisition periods, good forest/non forest discrimination could be achieved with the ratio based classifier. The investigation of 5 multitemporal ERS-1 images permitted to build a forest/non forest map of the South of Sumatra (60 000 km/sup 2/).","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125511614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping field crop evapotranspiration using airborne multispectral imagery","authors":"R. H. Ahmed, C. Neale","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516989","url":null,"abstract":"Multispectral video images were collected over a wheat field in Smithfield, Utah. The data included digital images in the green, red, near-infrared and thermal-infrared portion of the spectrum. The images were registered to each other. Three layers of reflectance and a surface temperature layer were computed from the images. Spatially distributed net radiation, soil heat flux and sensible heat were estimated using the layers along with meteorological data from the USU drainage farm weather station. The estimated fluxes were compared to independent measurement from a Bowen ratio energy balance system setup in the field.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125542123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Land surface temperature retrieval from AVHRR: influence of surface emissivity and atmospheric water vapor","authors":"M.L. Steyn-Ross, D.A. Steny-Ross","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516900","url":null,"abstract":"The retrieval of land surface temperatures (LSTs) from satellite infrared radiometry is a more challenging problem than the corresponding surface temperature retrieval over sea. This because of problems associated with defining the surface, large spatial variability exhibited by LSTs, unknown surface emissivity, and variable atmospheric water vapor column. The authors present a method which retrieves LSTs from AVHRR radiances sensed through atmospheres with large and strongly varying water vapor content. The method recognizes that the emissivities are unknown, but likely to lie within a narrow range which is close to, but less than, unity. They have applied this method to the satellite and in-situ data obtained from the 1989 FIFE (First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Field Experiment) in Kansas. Results show their method outperforms standard fixed coefficient algorithms which over-simplify atmospheric effects.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114892915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"C- and L-band multi-temporal polarimetric signatures of crops","authors":"Henning Skrive, F. Nielsen, Anton Thomsed","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516794","url":null,"abstract":"Polarimetric SAR-data of agricultural fields have been acquired by the Danish polarimetric SAR (EMISAR) during a number of missions at the Danish test site Foulum during 1994 and 1995. EMISAR has operated in a fully polarimetric mode at C-band since the fall of 1993 and at L-band since the beginning of 1995. The SAR system is installed on a Danish Air Force Gulfstream aircraft, and a significant amount of polarimetric SAR data have been acquired on various missions. Polarimetric parameters for a number of different agricultural crops are shown, and the advantage of having polarimetric, multi-frequency, and multi-temporal data for crop discrimination is clearly seen.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115252552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feasibility study of a compact low cost correlation LIDAR using a pseudo noise modulated diode laser and an APD in the current mode","authors":"B.O. Bundschuh, D. Schneider, M. Grindel","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516547","url":null,"abstract":"LIDAR, a well known tool for remote sensing of the atmosphere, has not yet migrated into a large commercial market. Currently it is not affordable for most potential users such as small companies and environmental authorities. The simulation study was performed in order to check the feasibility of a low cost system that overcomes hindrances of the wide spread use of this environmental sensing technology. The new system should be able to measure profiles of aerosols and molecules within a few seconds to several minutes depending on the required spatial resolution and the background light conditions.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122302921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification of multi-source data using predictive ability measure","authors":"C. Chong, J. Jia","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516284","url":null,"abstract":"The predictive ability of an evidence source for an uncertain event is referred to the ability of the evidence source to predict the probability of the event concerned. A new algorithm which incorporates the predictive ability of the multi-source data into the classification process is presented. The algorithm was developed based on the concept of second-order probability. Experimental results obtained show that the new algorithm outperformed the conventional multivariate Gaussian maximum likelihood classifier when applied to untrained test data. It is also shown to be more consistent in performance.","PeriodicalId":190696,"journal":{"name":"IGARSS '96. 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122325994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}