Mycotoxin Research最新文献

{"title":"Aqueous Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract in drinking water mitigates aflatoxin B1 toxicity in broilers: effects on performance, biomarker analysis, and liver histology.","authors":"Olugbenga David Oloruntola, Fehintoluwa Stellamaris Oluwaniyi, Samuel Adebowale Adeyeye, Andrew Bamidele Falowo, Olatunji Abubakar Jimoh, Olumuyiwa Joseph Olarotimi, Deborah Adebukola Oloruntola, Clement Oluwafemi Osowe, Francis Ayodeji Gbore","doi":"10.1007/s12550-025-00583-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-025-00583-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated aqueous Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract in drinking water as a mitigation strategy against Aflatoxin B1-induced toxicity in broilers, focusing on performance, haematology, serum biochemistry, pro-inflammatory cytokines, cellular stress markers, and liver histology. Two hundred and forty (240) day-old chicks (mixed sex), of the Cobb 500 breed were divided into four groups: control (CONT), AFB1-exposed (AFLB1), and two treatment groups (VE1AF and VE2AF) receiving 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 and Vernonia amygdalina aqueous extract at 1 g/L and 2 g/L, respectively. At 42 days, VE1AF and VE2AF chickens showed higher (P < 0.05) final weights and weight gains than CONT and AFLB1 groups. The red blood cells, packed cell volume, haemoglobin, and white blood cell counts were higher (P < 0.05) in CONT, VE1AF, and VE2AF groups compared to AFLB1. Mean cell volume, and mean cell haemaoglobin were higher (P < 0.05) in AFLB1 and VE2AF. Serum analysis revealed lower (P < 0.05) total protein, globulin, and albumin in AFLB1, which were restored by the extract. The tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and interferon-γ, were elevated (P < 0.05) in AFLB1 but reduced in VE1AF and VE2AF. The heat shock protein 70, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and adiponectin levels were higher (P < 0.05) in AFLB1, but were normalized by the extract in VE1AF and VE2AF. Leptin and triiodothyronine levels were significantly (P < 0.05) better in VE1AF and VE2AF, compared to AFLB1. Liver histology showed reduced inflammation in VE1AF and VE2AF, with near-normal hepatic architecture. In conclusion, Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract effectively counteracts AFB1 toxicity, enhancing overall health and performance in broiler chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between anaemia and aflatoxin B₁ and fumonisin B₁ exposure in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women from Harare, Zimbabwe.","authors":"Tatenda Clive Murashiki, Arthur John Mazhandu, Rutendo B L Zinyama-Gutsire, Isaac Mutingwende, Lovemore Ronald Mazengera, Kerina Duri","doi":"10.1007/s12550-024-00571-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-024-00571-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) and fumonisin B₁ (FB₁) are poisons that contaminate poorly stored staple foods in resource-limited settings. Antenatal AFB₁ and FB₁ exposure may cause anaemia. We aimed to determine the associations of urinary aflatoxin M₁ (AFM₁) and FB₁, biomarkers of AFB₁ and FB₁ exposure, respectively, with erythrocyte parameters and anaemia. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 68 HIV-infected and 61 HIV-uninfected pregnant women ≥ 20 weeks gestational age in Harare, Zimbabwe. AFM₁ and FB₁ were measured in urine via competitive ELISA, and levels were grouped into tertiles. The erythrocyte parameters assessed were haemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell (RBC), haematocrit (HCT), and red blood cell distribution width. Associations of urinary AFM₁ and FB₁ with erythrocyte parameters, and anaemia were assessed in a multiple regression controlled for potential confounders. The presence of FB₁ in urine decreased Hb levels in all women (β= -0.98, 95% CI: -1.94, 0.02) and HIV-uninfected (β= -1.99, 95% CI: -3.71, -0.26). FB₁ tertile 3 decreased Hb levels (β= -0.88, 95% CI: -1.74, 0.01) and HCT levels (β= -2.65, 95% CI: -5.26, 0.03) in HIV-infected. AFM₁ tertile 2 decreased RBC levels in HIV-infected (β= -0.34, 95% CI: -0.71, -0.03). The presence of FB₁ in urine increased anaemia risk in HIV-uninfected (OR: 10.68 95% CI: 1.02, 112.34). AFM₁ tertile 2 increased macrocytic anaemia risk in HIV-infected (OR: 13.72, 95% CI: 0.92, 203.55). There is need to ensure food safety through monitoring and nutritional interventions to improve maternal-infant health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"147-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aflatoxins and fumonisins co-contamination effects on laying hens and use of mycotoxin detoxifiers as a mitigation strategy.","authors":"Phillis E Ochieng, David C Kemboi, Sheila Okoth, Siegrid De Baere, Etienne Cavalier, Erastus Kang'ethe, Barbara Doupovec, James Gathumbi, Marie-Louise Scippo, Gunther Antonissen, Johanna F Lindahl, Siska Croubels","doi":"10.1007/s12550-024-00566-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-024-00566-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the effects of fumonisins (FBs) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), alone or in combination, on the productivity and health of laying hens, as well as the transfer of aflatoxins (AFs) to chicken food products. The efficacy and safety of mycotoxin detoxifiers (bentonite and fumonisin esterase) to mitigate these effects were also assessed. Laying hens (400) were divided into 20 groups and fed a control, moderate (54.6 µg/kg feed) or high (546 µg/kg feed) AFB1 or FBs (7.9 mg/kg feed) added diets, either alone or in combination, with the mycotoxin detoxifiers added in selected diets. Productivity was evaluated by feed intake, egg weight, egg production, and feed conversion ratio whereas health was assessed by organ weights, blood biochemistry, and mortality. Aflatoxins residues in plasma, liver, muscle, and eggs were determined using UHPLC-MS/MS methods. A diet with AFB1 at a concentration of 546 µg/kg feed decreased egg production and various AFB1-contaminated diets increased serum uric acid levels and weights of liver, spleen, heart, and gizzard. Interactions between AFB1 and FBs significantly impacted spleen, heart, and gizzard weights as well as AFB1 residues in eggs. Maximum AFB1 residues of 0.64 µg/kg and aflatoxin M1 (below limits of quantification) were observed in liver, plasma, and eggs of layers fed diets with AFB1. The mycotoxin detoxifiers reduced effects of AFB1 and FBs on egg production, organ weights, blood biochemistry, and AFB1 residues in tissues. This study highlights the importance of mycotoxin detoxifiers as a mitigation strategy against mycotoxins in poultry production.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"63-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection, quantification, and characterization of airborne Aspergillus flavus within the corn canopy.","authors":"Mark A Weaver, Lilly C Park, Michael J Brewer, Michael J Grodowitz, Hamed K Abbas","doi":"10.1007/s12550-025-00581-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-025-00581-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aflatoxin contamination of corn can occur when developing kernels are infected by the plant pathogen Aspergillus flavus. One route of infection is from airborne conidia. We executed a series of experiments within the corn canopy during two growing seasons and in two states to document the abundance and dynamics of the airborne A. flavus population. We did not observe any significant diurnal changes in the conidial density (p = 0.171) or any effect of sampler height (p = 0.882) within the canopy. Significant changes (p < 0.001) were noted during the season, with a trend towards increased airborne populations with later stages of corn development and more than a 20-fold increase from July to August. The median aflatoxigenicity of airborne isolates from a corn canopy in Texas was about 50 times higher than the corresponding population in Mississippi. It was also noteworthy that highly aflatoxigenic, weakly sporulating S-morphotypes accounted for 14-30% of the airborne isolates in Mississippi at a site with historically rare abundance of S-morphotypes. The genetic diversity was high among the 140 analyzed airborne isolates, with 76 unique haplotypes identified and 55 haplotypes occurring only in 1 isolate. Even in the context of this highly diverse population, a haplotype matching that of a commercial biocontrol strain was found in 13 of the 70 isolates from Mississippi and 1 of the 70 isolates from Texas. The airborne A. flavus population is genetically diverse (Shannon's index = 1.4 to 1.6), similar to grain samples in other surveys, and much less aflatoxigenic in Mississippi than in Texas.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"267-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycotoxin exposure through the consumption of processed cereal food for children (< 5 years old) from rural households of Oshana, a region of Namibia.","authors":"Maria A Angula, Anthony Ishola, Muvari Tjiurutue, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Chibundu N Ezekiel, Jane Misihairabgwi","doi":"10.1007/s12550-024-00580-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-024-00580-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycotoxin exposure from contaminated food is a significant global health issue, particularly among vulnerable children. Given limited data on mycotoxin exposure among Namibian children, this study investigated mycotoxin types and levels in foods, evaluated dietary mycotoxin exposure from processed cereal foods in children under age five from rural households in Oshana region, Namibia. Mycotoxins in cereal-based food samples (n = 162) (mahangu flour (n = 35), sorghum flour (n = 13), mahangu thin/thick porridge (n = 54), oshikundu (n = 56), and omungome (n = 4)) were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁, 35.8%), zearalenone (27.2%), fumonisin B₁ (FB₁, 24.1%), citrinin (CIT, 12.4%) and deoxynivalenol (10.5%) were the major mycotoxins quantified. Food samples (35.8% (n = 58) and 6.2% (n = 10)) exceeded the 0.1 µg/kg AFB₁ and 200 µg/kg FB₁ EU limit for children's food, respectively. Several emerging mycotoxins including the neurotoxic 3-nitropropionic acid, moniliformin (MON), and tenuazonic acid were quantified in over 50% of all samples. Co-occurrence of AFB₁, CIT, and FB₁ detected in 4.9% (n = 8) samples, which could heighten food safety concerns. Regarding exposure assessment and risk characterization, average probable dietary intake for AFB₁ from all ready-to-eat-foods was 0.036 µg/kg bw/day, which resulted in margin of exposures (MOE) of 11 and 0.65 risk cancer cases/year/100,000 people, indicating a risk of chronic aflatoxicosis. High tolerable daily intake values for FB₁, and MOE for beauvericin and MON exceeded reference values. Consumption of a diversified diet and interventions including timely planting and harvesting, best grain storage, and other standard postharvest food handling practices are needed to mitigate mycotoxin exposure through contaminated cereal foods and to safeguard the health of the rural children in Namibia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"249-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ergot alkaloids: comparison of extraction efficiencies for their monitoring in several cereal-solvent combinations by UPLC-MS/MS.","authors":"Eleonora Rollo, Dante Catellani, Chiara Dall'Asta, Nicola Dreolin, Michele Suman","doi":"10.1007/s12550-024-00569-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-024-00569-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To date, there are more than 80 ergot alkaloids identified; their distribution depends on different factors (e.g. geographic regions, host plants). These toxins can cause acute and chronic toxic effects on human health and commonly infect cereal crops such as triticale and rye, wheat, barley and oats. Considering the growing consumption of plant-based foods, the European Food Safety Authority has highlighted the need to develop risk assessment strategies. This work focused on the optimization of extraction efficiency, to quantify the main ergot alkaloids and their epimers, that are available on the market without any legal restriction (ergosine, ergocristine, ergocriptyne, ergocornine, ergosinine, ergocristinine, ergocriptinine and ergocorninine). Considering the quantification of 8 out of 12 regulated compounds by EU (sum of -ine and -inine forms), this approach can be defined as a screening method for a reliable estimation of the risk, specifically devoted to industrial stakeholders that can then possibly outsource to authorized external labs only the samples suspected of significant positivity. The effectiveness of three different extraction conditions (acidic, alkaline and neutral) followed by a rapid clean-up using dispersive solid-phase extraction with C₁₈ sorbent was evaluated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), resulting in a short chromatographic run (16 min). The method was developed and validated in five different cereal production chains (rye, oat, wheat, wheat gluten and baby food). The applicability of the method was examined by analyzing a set of 54 samples, including also other cereals like spelt, tritordeum and triticale, and evaluating also some reference materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"127-146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-farm evaluation of aflatoxin binder inclusion in dairy feed as a strategy to reduce milk aflatoxin M1 contamination in the Rwandan context.","authors":"Kizito Nishimwe, Erin Bowers, Dirk E Maier","doi":"10.1007/s12550-024-00576-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-024-00576-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aflatoxins (AF), fungal metabolites, can contaminate feed in favorable environments, posing health risks to humans and animals. Dairy cows exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) excrete its metabolite, aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), in milk, compromising its safety. The current study examined the use of an AF binder in dairy feed concentrates on farms in Rwanda to mitigate AFM1 in milk. It was conducted in Nyagatare district, peri-urban areas of Kigali (Center), and Huye district (South) with 42 farmers randomly selected from a previous study evenly divided into control and intervention groups. The intervention group received an AF binder (Novasil™ Plus) and training on both the usage of the binder and AF prevention in dairy feed. Sociodemographic and dairy management data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires. Farmers in both the treatment and control groups were visited at regular intervals over a 3-month time period (five total visits per farmer) to collect samples of milk and feed for the quantification of AFM1 and AFB1, respectively, and to interview participants. The use of the AF binder evidenced a significant reduction in milk AFM1 contamination between the intervention (mean, 0.15 µg/l; median, 0.13 µg/l) and control groups (mean, 0.30 µg/l; median, 0.24 µg/l) (p < 0.05). AFB1 was detected in the feed concentrate at a mean concentration of 32.2 µg/kg (median, 36.2 µg/kg); however, mean AFM1 levels in both groups (i.e., control and intervention) did not exceed the Rwanda Standards Board (RSB) regulatory limit of 0.5 µg/kg AFM1. AF binders show potential as a low-cost strategy to reduce AFM1 contamination in the Rwandan context. However, there is a need for clear standards on the registration and use of binders before they are deployed in-country and to claim their mitigating effects on AFM1 in milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"207-214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The spinal consequences of HT-2 toxin and selenium deficiency during bone maturation in mice.","authors":"Shuichu Hao, Cong Yao, Peilin Meng, Yumen Jia, Liu Li, Chun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12550-024-00554-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-024-00554-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our investigation, we probed the ramifications of low selenium diets and HT-2 mycotoxin exposure on spinal development and structural fidelity in murine models. A cohort of 48 male mice was segregated into six groups: a control set, a singular low selenium diet group, two cohorts exposed to distinct concentrations of HT-2 toxin (1.6 and 3.2 mg/kg·bw·d), and two assemblies subjected to a confluence of low selenium intake and each designated HT-2 dosage. Across an 8-week investigative period, parameters such as body mass, markers of bone metabolism, and cellular vigor were assiduously monitored. Analytical techniques encompassed biomechanical assessments, X-ray scrutiny, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) evaluations. Our results unveiled a dose-dependent diminution in the body mass of mice exclusively exposed to HT-2 toxin, whereas concurrent exposure to both low selenium and HT-2 toxins elicited a synergistic effect. Pertinent shifts were observed in calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D concentrations, as well as in the operational dynamics of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, aligning with toxin dosage and combined exposure. Variations in biomechanical attributes were also discerned, mirroring the levels of toxin exposure. Micro-CT and X-ray examinations further corroborated the extensive detrimental impact on the cortical and trabecular architecture of the mice's spinal columns. This inquiry elucidates the complex synergistic interactions between low selenium and HT-2 mycotoxin on murine spinal development and integrity under co-exposure conditions. These findings accentuate the exigency of comprehensively understanding the solitary and joint effects of these toxins on osseous health, providing pivotal insights for future toxicological research and public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"77-91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of zearalenone in sugar beet products on zootechnical and reproductive performance and lesions of sows and piglets.","authors":"A Grümpel-Schlüter, S Kersten, J Kluess, S Lühken, J Saltzmann, A Schubbert, S Büngener-Schröder, S Dänicke","doi":"10.1007/s12550-024-00564-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-024-00564-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following the use of sugar beet pulp that was retrospectively found to be predominantly contaminated with zearalenone (ZEN) in diets of reproducing sows largely exceeding the EU-guidance value for critical ZEN concentration of 0.25 mg/kg, farmers did not report any changes in the reproductive performance of sows. Thus, the aim of the study was to verify this guidance value in a dose-response setup by using sugar beet pulp as a ZEN source hitherto not considered a risky feedstuff additionally characterized by comparatively low levels of deoxynivalenol. A total of 90 sows was equally allocated to one of the three feed groups during experimental lactation 1 and up to 40 days after insemination: CON with a minimal ZEN concentration, ZEN1 with a target concentration of 250 µg ZEN/kg feed, and ZEN2 with a target concentration of 500 µg ZEN/kg feed. Thereafter, all sows received the same feed without ZEN for the rest of gestation, and the following lactation for testing of putative carry-over effects resulting from previous ZEN exposure. Exposure of sows to ZEN with blood serum as an indicator was linearly related to dietary ZEN concentrations. Reproductive and zootechnical performances of sows were only affected by ZEN exposure at weaning weight. Clinical-chemical parameters indicated no clear effect of ZEN exposure. An influence of ZEN on the occurrence of tail and ear injuries (not necrosis) in piglets and lesions on the mammary complexes in sows is possible. The influence of a ZEN concentration above the EU guidance value on the study farm can therefore not be neglected.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"47-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of Morganella morganii strain YC12-C3 and Enterococcus faecalis strain YC12-C10 and elucidation of its deoxynivalenol-degrading potential.","authors":"Jiuchun An, Yefei Chen, Shihua Zhou, Yanping Gao, Changgui Yang, Jinqiang Zhang, Xiaohong Ou, Yanhong Wang, Weike Jiang, Tao Zhou, Qing-Song Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s12550-024-00568-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12550-024-00568-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deoxynivalenol ( DON) is one of the most harmful mycotoxins in food or feed or Traditional Chinese Medicine. An efficient and applicable method for the detoxification of DON is urgently developed. 1152 strains were isolated from the intestinal contents of crucian. Morganella morganii YC12-C3 and Enterococcus faecalis YC12-C10 were screened with the highest degradation rate of DON via HPLC methods. The optimal degradation condition of YC12-C3 and YC12-C10 is co-cultured 24 h and 36 h at 28 ℃ in LB medium with pH 7 and 1.0% inoculation dosage, respectively. LC-MS/MS and ¹H NMR results show that YC12-C10 and YC12-C3 can transform DON to 3-deoxy-6-demethanol-DON, a new metabolite biotransformed from DON, by deoxidization at C3 hydroxy and de-methanal reaction at methanol moiety of C6. In addition, the DON-degradation in agricultural material assay showed that YC12-C10 and YC12-C3 can degrade 150 μg·kg^-1 DON in Coix lacryma-jobi, with a degradation rate of 68.89% and 59.94%, respectively. This result shows that YC12-C10 and YC12-C3 have a sound efficiency in removing DON ability in Coix lacryma-jobi, providing a new strain resource and application technique for biological detoxification of DON in food or feed or TCM industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":19060,"journal":{"name":"Mycotoxin Research","volume":" ","pages":"113-126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}