{"title":"Steps forward in the treatment of IgA nephropathy","authors":"Rosanna Coppo","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00925-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00925-y","url":null,"abstract":"A turning point in the treatment of IgA nephropathy has been marked by several new publications that describe promising outcomes associated with the targeting of key pathogenic disease processes, including the production of galactose-deficient IgA1 and IgA-containing immune complexes, complement and endothelin system activation.","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dare to HOPE: a step closer to HIV+-to-HIV+ kidney transplantation as standard of care","authors":"Deirdre Sawinski, Marshall J. Glesby","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00920-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00920-3","url":null,"abstract":"New data demonstrate that in people with HIV infection, transplantation outcomes with HIV-positive donor kidneys are not inferior to those with HIV-negative donor kidneys and donor-derived HIV strains do not persist in the recipients. This approach should be standard of care for kidney transplantation in people living with HIV.","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-term lessons from EMPA-KIDNEY","authors":"Lauren Heath, Carol Pollock","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00921-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00921-2","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have revolutionized the management of chronic kidney disease. However, long-term data regarding their use are lacking. The post-trial follow-up study to EMPA-KIDNEY provides several insights into how the effects of these powerful medications might be optimized, but several key questions remain unanswered.","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction has a central role in diabetic kidney disease","authors":"Shen Li, Katalin Susztak","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00919-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00919-w","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the most common cause of chronic kidney disease, is primarily caused by metabolic dysfunction, likely due to mitochondrial abnormalities. In 2024, several studies made important strides towards defining the molecular mechanisms that underlie the development of DKD.","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colin Reily, Tyler J. Stewart, Matthew B. Renfrow, Jan Novak
{"title":"Publisher Correction: Glycosylation in health and disease","authors":"Colin Reily, Tyler J. Stewart, Matthew B. Renfrow, Jan Novak","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00923-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00923-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Correction to: <i>Nature Reviews Nephrology</i> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-019-0129-4, published online 11 March 2019.</p>","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New insights into kidney crosstalk with distant organs","authors":"Myung-Gyu Kim, Sang Kyung Jo","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00915-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00915-0","url":null,"abstract":"Inter-organ interactions are critical for homeostasis and proper organ functioning. Several studies published in 2024 have provided insights into the mechanisms underlying reciprocal interactions of the kidney with the brain, gut and liver.","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iain L. C. Chapple, Josefine Hirschfeld, Paul Cockwell, Thomas Dietrich, Praveen Sharma
{"title":"Interplay between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease","authors":"Iain L. C. Chapple, Josefine Hirschfeld, Paul Cockwell, Thomas Dietrich, Praveen Sharma","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00910-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00910-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Periodontitis is a ubiquitous chronic inflammatory disease affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth and is a major cause of multiple tooth loss. Despite being preventable, periodontitis and dental caries are responsible for more years lost to disability than any other human condition. The most severe form of periodontitis affects 1 billion individuals, and its prevalence is increasing globally. Periodontitis arises from a dysregulated and hyperactive inflammatory response to dysbiosis in the periodontal microbiome. This response has systemic effects associated with premature mortality and elevated risk of several systemic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including atheromatous cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This risk association between periodontitis and NCDs is independent of their shared common risk factors, suggesting that periodontitis is a non-traditional risk factor for NCDs such as CKD. As periodontitis progresses, the immune cells and mediators underpinning its pathophysiology leak into the systemic circulation through the ulcerated oral mucosal lining, inducing in a systemic inflammatory profile that closely mirrors that observed in patients with CKD. The relationship between periodontitis and CKD seems to be bi-directional, but large-scale intervention studies are required to clarify causality and could lead to new care pathways for managing each condition as an exposure for the other.</p>","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crosstalk between glomeruli and tubules","authors":"Agnes B. Fogo, Raymond C. Harris","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00907-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00907-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Models of kidney injury have classically concentrated on glomeruli as the primary site of injury leading to glomerulosclerosis or on tubules as the primary site of injury leading to tubulointerstitial fibrosis. However, current evidence on the mechanisms of progression of chronic kidney disease indicates that a complex interplay between glomeruli and tubules underlies progressive kidney injury. Primary glomerular injury can clearly lead to subsequent tubule injury. For example, damage to the glomerular filtration barrier can expose tubular cells to serum proteins, including complement and cytokines, that would not be present in physiological conditions and can promote the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis and progressive decline in kidney function. In addition, although less well-studied, increasing evidence suggests that tubule injury, whether primary or secondary, can also promote glomerular damage. This feedback from the tubule to the glomerulus might be mediated by changes in the reabsorptive capacity of the tubule, which can affect the glomerular filtration rate, or by mediators released by injured proximal tubular cells that can induce damage in both podocytes and parietal epithelial cells. Examining the crosstalk between the various compartments of the kidney is important for understanding the mechanisms underlying kidney pathology and identifying potential therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrins in the kidney — beyond the matrix","authors":"Fabian Bock, Shensen Li, Ambra Pozzi, Roy Zent","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00906-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00906-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development and proper functioning of the kidney is dependent on the interaction of kidney cells with the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). These interactions are mediated by heterodimeric membrane-bound receptors called integrins, which bind to the ECM via their extracellular domain and via their cytoplasmic tail to intracellular adaptor proteins, to assemble large macromolecular adhesion complexes. These interactions enable integrins to control cellular functions such as intracellular signalling and organization of the actin cytoskeleton and are therefore crucial to organ function. The different nephron segments and the collecting duct system have unique morphologies, functions and ECM environments and are thus equipped with unique sets of integrins with distinct specificities for the ECM with which they interact. These cell-type-specific functions are facilitated by specific intracellular integrin binding proteins, which are critical in determining the integrin activation status, ligand-binding affinity and the type of ECM signals that are relayed to the intracellular structures. The spatiotemporal expression of integrins and their specific interactions with binding partners underlie the proper development, function and repair processes of the kidney. This Review summarizes our current understanding of how integrins, their binding partners and the actin cytoskeleton regulate kidney development, physiology and pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. David Smeijer, Donald E. Kohan, Neeraj Dhaun, Irene L. Noronha, Adrian Liew, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink
{"title":"Endothelin receptor antagonists in chronic kidney disease","authors":"J. David Smeijer, Donald E. Kohan, Neeraj Dhaun, Irene L. Noronha, Adrian Liew, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink","doi":"10.1038/s41581-024-00908-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-024-00908-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Endothelin-1 is a potent vasoconstrictor that has diverse physiological functions in the kidney, including in the regulation of blood flow and glomerular filtration, electrolyte homeostasis and endothelial function. Overexpression of endothelin-1 contributes to the pathophysiology of both diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD). Selective endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) that target the endothelin A (ET<sub>A</sub>) receptor have demonstrated benefits in animal models of kidney disease and in clinical trials. In patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD, the selective ET<sub>A</sub> ERA, atrasentan, reduced albuminuria and kidney function decline. Concerns about the increased risks of fluid retention and heart failure with ERA use have led to the design of further trials to optimize dosing and patient selection. More recent studies have shown that the dual ET<sub>A</sub> receptor and angiotensin receptor blocker, sparsentan, preserved kidney function with minimal fluid retention in patients with IgA nephropathy. Moreover, combined administration of a low dose of the ET<sub>A</sub>-selective ERA, zibotentan, with the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, dapagliflozin, enhanced albuminuria reduction and mitigated fluid retention in patients with CKD. Notably, sparsentan and aprocitentan have received FDA approval for the treatment of IgA nephropathy and treatment-resistant hypertension, respectively. This Review describes our current understanding of the use of ERAs in patients with CKD to guide their optimal safe and effective use in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19059,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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