Nature Sustainability最新文献_第2页

Sensitive tree species remain at risk despite improved air quality benefits to US forests 尽管空气质量的改善对美国森林有利，但敏感树种仍处于危险之中

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01203-8

Justin G. Coughlin, Christopher M. Clark, Linda H. Pardo, Robert D. Sabo, Jeremy D. Ash

{"title":"Sensitive tree species remain at risk despite improved air quality benefits to US forests","authors":"Justin G. Coughlin, Christopher M. Clark, Linda H. Pardo, Robert D. Sabo, Jeremy D. Ash","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01203-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01203-8","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition can significantly affect forest biodiversity and production by altering the growth and survival of trees. Three decades of air quality regulations in the United States have led to large reductions in oxides of N (44–81%) and S (50–99%) emissions and associated deposition. Here we evaluated the magnitude and extent of effects over 20 years from atmospheric N and S deposition on the growth and survival of 94 tree species—representing 96.4 billion trees and an average of 88% of forest basal area across the contiguous United States (CONUS). Overall, species’ growth and survival rates have responded positively to declining deposition, but we find that decreases of at least 2.5 kg ha−1 yr−1 N are needed across 19.8% (growth) and 59.5% (survival) of the CONUS to prevent detrimental effects to sensitive species. Reduced forms of N (NHx = NH3 + NH4+) are now the dominant form of N deposition in 45.4% of the CONUS—notably in agricultural regions—and exclusively need to be reduced by ≥5.0 kg ha−1 yr−1 N in some areas. Further S deposition decreases of ≥1.0 kg ha−1 yr−1 S are needed in 50.4% (growth) and 56.2% (survival) of the CONUS to protect sensitive species and, notably, evergreen trees. Total basal area is increasing in much of the country (85.2%) because of N fertilizing effects, but these growth increases could result in biodiversity loss. Our findings can be used to evaluate past successes of air quality policies and the future benefits of air pollution reductions to terrestrial ecosystems. Reductions in air pollution in the United States over the past two decades have led to positive results for forest growth and survival. However, further measures are needed to protect sensitive tree species and bolster forest biodiversity","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 12","pages":"1607-1619"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42986800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current US air pollution levels still harm sensitive tree species 目前美国的空气污染水平仍然危害着敏感的树种

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01204-7

引用次数: 0

Reversal of the levee effect towards sustainable floodplain management 逆转堤防效应，迈向可持续的洪泛平原管理

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01202-9

Meng Ding, Peirong Lin, Shang Gao, Jida Wang, Zhenzhong Zeng, Kaihao Zheng, Xudong Zhou, Dai Yamazaki, Yige Gao, Yu Liu

{"title":"Reversal of the levee effect towards sustainable floodplain management","authors":"Meng Ding, Peirong Lin, Shang Gao, Jida Wang, Zhenzhong Zeng, Kaihao Zheng, Xudong Zhou, Dai Yamazaki, Yige Gao, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01202-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01202-9","url":null,"abstract":"Levees constrain roaring floodwater but are blamed for reducing people’s perception of flood risks and promoting floodplain human settlements unprepared for high-consequence flood events. Yet the interplay between levee construction and floodplain development remains poorly quantified, obscuring an objective assessment of human–water relations. Here, to quantitatively assess how floodplain urban expansion is linked to levee construction, we develop a multiscale composite analysis framework leveraging a national levee database and decades of annual land-cover maps. We find that in the contiguous United States, levee construction is associated with a 62% acceleration in floodplain urban expansion, outpacing that of the county (29%), highlighting a clear change in risk perception after levees are built. Regions historically lacking strong momentum for population growth while experiencing frequent floods tend to rely more strongly on levees and we suggest these areas to develop a more diversified portfolio to cope with floods. Temporally, the positive levee effect is found to have weakened and then reversed since the late 1970s, reflecting the role of legislative regulations to suppress floodplain urban expansion. Our quantitative framework sheds light on how structural and non-structural measures jointly influence floodplain urban growth patterns. It also provides a viable framework to objectively assess the floodplain management strategies currently in place, which may provide useful guidance for managing flood risks towards sustainable development goals. Levees can obscure the public perception of flood risk, reflected in accelerated rates of development in floodplains relative to surrounding areas. Effective regulation and legislative measures can reverse this effect for more sustainable management.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 12","pages":"1578-1586"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46505503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photocatalytically reactive surfaces for simultaneous water harvesting and treatment 用于同时集水和处理的光催化反应表面

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01159-9

Ritwick Ghosh, Adrien Baut, Giorgio Belleri, Michael Kappl, Hans-Jürgen Butt, Thomas M. Schutzius

{"title":"Photocatalytically reactive surfaces for simultaneous water harvesting and treatment","authors":"Ritwick Ghosh, Adrien Baut, Giorgio Belleri, Michael Kappl, Hans-Jürgen Butt, Thomas M. Schutzius","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01159-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01159-9","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric water harvesting provides decentralized and sustainable supplies of fresh water in areas away from natural water resources. However, an important challenge is that water sources such as fog are subject to contamination from airborne pollutants, especially near population centres. Here we demonstrate a rationally designed system that can capture fog at high efficiency while simultaneously degrading organic pollutants. At the heart of our design is a wire mesh coated with anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles embedded in a polymer matrix. Once activated by sunlight, the photoactive titanium dioxide layer decomposes organic molecules such as diesel, even in the absence of sunlight; moreover, the wettability of the mesh surface is engineered to enhance water extraction. In outdoor tests, the device can maintain a good fog harvesting performance as well as a water treatment efficiency of >85%. The continuous production of water with passive purification demonstrated in our study provides an energy-free solution to address water scarcity. Atmospheric water harvesting is challenging due to the presence of airborne pollutants. The authors show a device design that enables fog capture with simultaneous pollutant decomposition powered by sunlight.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 12","pages":"1663-1672"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-023-01159-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43425668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Artificial intelligence for reducing the carbon emissions of 5G networks in China 人工智能减少中国 5G 网络的碳排放

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01208-3

引用次数: 0

Capture fog for clean water 捕获雾以获得清洁水

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01209-2

Shouwei Gao, Zuankai Wang

引用次数: 0

Carbon emissions of 5G mobile networks in China 中国5G移动网络的碳排放

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01206-5

Tong Li, Li Yu, Yibo Ma, Tong Duan, Wenzhen Huang, Yan Zhou, Depeng Jin, Yong Li, Tao Jiang

{"title":"Carbon emissions of 5G mobile networks in China","authors":"Tong Li, Li Yu, Yibo Ma, Tong Duan, Wenzhen Huang, Yan Zhou, Depeng Jin, Yong Li, Tao Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01206-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01206-5","url":null,"abstract":"Telecommunication using 5G plays a vital role in our daily lives and the global economy. However, the energy consumption and carbon emissions of 5G mobile networks are concerning. Here we develop a large-scale data-driven framework to quantitatively assess the carbon emissions of 5G mobile networks in China, where over 60% of the global 5G base stations are implemented. We reveal a carbon efficiency trap of 5G mobile networks leading to additional carbon emissions of 23.82 ± 1.07 Mt in China, caused by the spatiotemporal misalignment between cellular traffic and energy consumption in mobile networks. To address this problem, we propose an energy-saving method, called DeepEnergy, leveraging collaborative deep reinforcement learning and graph neural networks, to make it possible to effectively coordinate the working state of 5G cells, which could help over 71% of Chinese provinces avoid carbon efficiency traps. The application of DeepEnergy can potentially reduce carbon emissions by 20.90 ± 0.98 Mt at the national level in 2023. Furthermore, the mobile network in China could accomplish more than 50% of its net-zero goal by integrating DeepEnergy with solar energy systems. Our study deepens the insights into carbon emission mitigation in 5G networks, paving the way towards sustainable and energy-efficient telecommunication infrastructures. Our daily lives and economic activities increasingly rely on 5G mobile networks, but their carbon emissions are concerning. Here the authors quantify the carbon emissions of 5G mobile networks in China and propose a strategy to reduce them, paving the way to sustainable mobile communication infrastructures.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 12","pages":"1620-1631"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46860689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unexpected growth of an illegal water market 非法水市场的意外增长

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01177-7

Christian Klassert, Jim Yoon, Katja Sigel, Bernd Klauer, Samer Talozi, Thibaut Lachaut, Philip Selby, Stephen Knox, Nicolas Avisse, Amaury Tilmant, Julien J. Harou, Daanish Mustafa, Josué Medellín-Azuara, Bushra Bataineh, Hua Zhang, Erik Gawel, Steven M. Gorelick

{"title":"Unexpected growth of an illegal water market","authors":"Christian Klassert, Jim Yoon, Katja Sigel, Bernd Klauer, Samer Talozi, Thibaut Lachaut, Philip Selby, Stephen Knox, Nicolas Avisse, Amaury Tilmant, Julien J. Harou, Daanish Mustafa, Josué Medellín-Azuara, Bushra Bataineh, Hua Zhang, Erik Gawel, Steven M. Gorelick","doi":"10.1038/s41893-023-01177-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-023-01177-7","url":null,"abstract":"Scarce and unreliable urban water supply in many countries has caused municipal users to rely on transfers from rural wells via unregulated markets. Assessments of this pervasive water re-allocation institution and its impacts on aquifers, consumer equity and affordability are lacking. We present a rigorous coupled human–natural system analysis of rural-to-urban tanker water market supply and demand in Jordan, a quintessential example of a nation relying heavily on such markets, fed by predominantly illegal water abstractions. Employing a shadow-economic approach validated using multiple data types, we estimate that unregulated water sales exceed government licences 10.7-fold, equalling 27% of the groundwater abstracted above sustainable yields. These markets supply 15% of all drinking water at high prices, account for 52% of all urban water revenue and constrain the public supply system’s ability to recover costs. We project that household reliance on tanker water will grow 2.6-fold by 2050 under population growth and climate change. Our analysis suggests that improving the efficiency and equity of public water supply is needed to ensure water security while avoiding uncontrolled groundwater depletion by growing tanker markets. As the availability of affordable freshwater in urban settings becomes ever more urgent around the world, this study looks at how an unregulated, informal market meets demands at the expense of groundwater resources.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"6 11","pages":"1406-1417"},"PeriodicalIF":27.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-023-01177-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45672348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The importance of capturing management in forest restoration targets 捕获管理在森林恢复目标中的重要性

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01192-8

Martin Jung, Myroslava Lesiv, Eleanor Warren-Thomas, Dmitry Shchepashchenko, Linda See, Steffen Fritz

引用次数: 0

Informal and formal markets in meeting water needs 满足用水需求的非正式和正式市场

IF 27.6 1区环境科学与生态学

Nature Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41893-023-01178-6

Sarah Ann Wheeler

引用次数: 0