Nature Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Virtual reality sports to tackle pediatric obesity","authors":"Sol Vidal-Almela, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Francisco B. Ortega","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03757-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03757-w","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual reality sports offer a novel and effective strategy to reduce fat mass and holistically promote metabolic, physical, psychological and cognitive health in adolescents with excess body weight, yielding similar, and at times superior, benefits compared with conventional real-world sports.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An adaptive AI-based virtual reality sports system for adolescents with excess body weight: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jihong Wang, Yiming Qin, Qian Wu, Dian Zeng, Xiaojing Gao, Qinyi Wang, Zhen Li, Yueqiong Ni, Haoxuan Li, Ping Zhang, Jingyi Guo, Weizhi Ma, Mamatkasim Maitusun, Xufeng Jin, Minghong Chen, Liping Zhu, Qin Lu, Qiandi Chen, Yuna Wu, Chengxiang Lin, Rui Han, Di Cheng, Jiacheng Ni, Xiaochun Wang, Fangshu Yao, Jie Zhuang, Jun Xia, Dan Liu, Yuwei Lu, Piao Kang, Shujie Yu, Anran Chen, Ying Zhang, Qian Li, Wenli Ge, Xiaoxue Long, Zehua Jiang, Zhouyu Guan, Zihao Jin, Pengfei Jin, Tingyao Li, Jia Shu, Jiale Yang, Jinyang Wang, Nan Jiang, Jing Qian, Younhyun Jung, Han Zhang, Qing Yang, Lifei Ma, Xiaomeng Wu, Xiaojun Huang, Dongyang Si, Jie Ren, Hui Qiao, Yuchen Guo, Zhifeng Huang, Wenxiao Wang, Weihong Deng, Lei Bi, Danyue Zhao, Yuehua Li, Rynson W. H. Lau, Yih-Chung Tham, Xindong Ma, Jing Ma, Dinggang Shen, Songhai Zhang, Haibing Guan, Weiwen Zou, Minyi Guo, Xinping Guan, Xiaokang Yang, Aimin Xu, Jiarui Wu, Gianni Panagiotou, Michael Andrew Tse, Jinman Kim, Enhua Wu, Daniel Thalmann, Nadia Magnenat Thalmann, Felipe Fregni, Tien Yin Wong, Weiping Jia, Rong Zeng, Chwee Teck Lim, Bin Sheng, Huating Li","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03724-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03724-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adolescents with obesity face numerous health risks and encounter barriers that lead to physical inactivity. We developed a virtual reality sports system, named REVERIE (Real-World Exercise and VR-Based Exercise Research in Education), which used deep reinforcement learning to train transformer-based virtual coaching agents, offering immersive and effective sports guidance, with biomechanical performance comparable to real-world physical sports. We integrated REVERIE into a randomized controlled trial involving an 8-week intervention in adolescents with excess body weight (<i>n</i> = 227). Participants were randomized (1:1:1:1:1) to physical table tennis, physical soccer, REVERIE table tennis, REVERIE soccer or control. REVERIE sports intervention was effective in reducing primary outcome fat mass (mean −4.28 kg (95% confidence interval (CI) −6.35 to −2.22), relative to control), with no significant difference compared with physical sports (mean −5.06 kg (95% CI −7.13 to −2.98), relative to control). For secondary outcomes, decreases in liver enzymes and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found in physical and REVERIE sports groups compared to control. Physical and REVERIE sports showed improvements in physical fitness, psychological well-being and sports willingness after an 8-week intervention, which remained at the 6-month follow-up in the REVERIE sports group. REVERIE sports demonstrated superior cognitive enhancements compared to physical sports in exploratory analyses, as evidenced by olfactory tests (total score: mean 2.84 (95% CI 1.15 to 4.53)) and working memory paradigm (2-back accuracy: mean 10.88% (95% CI 1.19% to 20.56%)). Functional magnetic resonance imaging exhibited that REVERIE sports enhanced neural efficiency and neuroplasticity. Multi-omics analyses revealed distinct changes induced by REVERIE sports that were closely associated with cognitive improvement. Minimal injury rates were 7.69% for REVERIE and 13.48% for physical sports, with no serious adverse events. Collectively, this study demonstrates that the virtual reality sports therapy could provide an empathetic approach to addressing adolescent obesity, offering comprehensive improvements in physical, psychological and cognitive health beyond mere weight loss. Clinical Trial registration: ChiCTR2300068786.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher Correction: Genomic reanalysis of a pan-European rare-disease resource yields new diagnoses","authors":"Steven Laurie, Wouter Steyaert, Elke de Boer, Kiran Polavarapu, Nika Schuermans, Anna K. Sommer, German Demidov, Kornelia Ellwanger, Ida Paramonov, Coline Thomas, Stefan Aretz, Jonathan Baets, Elisa Benetti, Gemma Bullich, Patrick F. Chinnery, Jill Clayton-Smith, Enzo Cohen, Daniel Danis, Jean-Madeleine de Sainte Agathe, Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Jordi Diaz-Manera, Stephanie Efthymiou, Laurence Faivre, Marcos Fernandez-Callejo, Mallory Freeberg, José Garcia-Pelaez, Lena Guillot-Noel, Tobias B. Haack, Mike Hanna, Holger Hengel, Rita Horvath, Henry Houlden, Adam Jackson, Lennart Johansson, Mridul Johari, Erik-Jan Kamsteeg, Melanie Kellner, Tjitske Kleefstra, Didier Lacombe, Hanns Lochmüller, Estrella López-Martín, Alfons Macaya, Anna Marcé-Grau, Aleš Maver, Heba Morsy, Francesco Muntoni, Francesco Musacchia, Isabelle Nelson, Vincenzo Nigro, Catarina Olimpio, Carla Oliveira, Jaroslava Paulasová Schwabová, Martje G. Pauly, Borut Peterlin, Sophia Peters, Rolph Pfundt, Giulio Piluso, Davide Piscia, Manuel Posada, Selina Reich, Alessandra Renieri, Lukas Ryba, Karolis Šablauskas, Marco Savarese, Ludger Schöls, Leon Schütz, Verena Steinke-Lange, Giovanni Stevanin, Volker Straub, Marc Sturm, Morris A. Swertz, Marco Tartaglia, Iris B. A. W. te Paske, Rachel Thompson, Annalaura Torella, Christina Trainor, Bjarne Udd, Liedewei Van de Vondel, Bart van de Warrenburg, Jeroen van Reeuwijk, Jana Vandrovcova, Antonio Vitobello, Janet Vos, Emílie Vyhnálková, Robin Wijngaard, Carlo Wilke, Doreen William, Jishu Xu, Burcu Yaldiz, Luca Zalatnai, Birte Zurek, Anthony J. Brookes, Teresinha Evangelista, Christian Gilissen, Holm Graessner, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Stephan Ossowski, Olaf Riess, Rebecca Schüle, Matthis Synofzik, Alain Verloes, Leslie Matalonga, Han G. Brunner, Katja Lohmann, Richarda M. de Voer, Ana Töpf, Lisenka E.L.M. Vissers, Sergi Beltran, Alexander Hoischen","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03754-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03754-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Correction to: <i>Nature Medicine</i> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03420-w, published online 17 January 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal mental health is declining in the USA","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/d41591-025-00039-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41591-025-00039-3","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of national survey data reveals large declines in self-reported mental well-being among female parents, which suggests that maternal mental health should be a focal point of public health efforts.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the implementation gap in non-communicable diseases","authors":"Bente Mikkelsen, Pavel Ursu, Claire Chaumont, Jennifer L. Sargent, Melanie Y. Bertram, Leanne M. Riley, Taskeen Khan, Jennifer Horton, Amanda Shriwise","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03652-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03652-4","url":null,"abstract":"A focus on implementation for non-communicable diseases could help to deliver a 50% reduction in the probability of premature mortality worldwide by 2050.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of geopolitical flux on antimicrobial resistance","authors":"Scott J. C. Pallett, Alex Tasker, Danny Chambers, Michael Corley, Matthew K. O’Shea, Sally Davies, Luke S. P. Moore","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03758-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03758-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Changing international relationships and increasing geopolitical tensions can present very real hazards to health and healthcare, particularly in relation to communicable diseases¹. Conflicts in Ukraine, Gaza and Syria have resulted in mass population displacements, and disruptions to sanitation, hygiene, health infrastructures and key public health initiatives challenge efforts to curb the spread of infectious and vaccine-preventable diseases (https://www.iom.int/crisis-ukraine; https://www.iom.int/crisis-syrian-arab-republic).</p><p>Political stability and health are closely interlinked, underlining how investments in global health can have profound impacts on humanitarian issues. Put simply, global disease surveillance and prevention are parts of a complex geopolitical tapestry, and we ignore these multiple threads at our peril. The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a sobering illustration of such complexity and one of the greatest global health threats of our time². In Ukraine, we have seen how AMR continues to extend hospital stays and morbidity while presenting a serious threat to health services across Europe³. International collaboration in health surveillance, therapeutic development and intelligence-sharing therefore is fundamental to limiting the spread of drug-resistant infections⁴.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"178 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Alzheimer’s disease, dimers do the damage","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03770-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03770-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In our 2008 paper (Shankar, G. M. et al. <i>Nat. Med.</i> <b>14</b>, 837–842; 2008), we moved beyond cellular and animal models to isolate pathogenic forms of amyloid-β directly from human brains and apply them to reproduce key features of AD: synaptic dysfunction, loss of dendritic spines, and impaired memory per se. We identified stable dimers of amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s cerebral cortex and their dose-dependent impairment of synaptic plasticity. Separating dimers from other amyloid-β assemblies in AD brain extracts enabled us to attribute synaptic deficits directly to these smallest building blocks of oligomers and fibrils.</p><p>Perhaps most relevant to the human condition, we found that microinjection of dimer-rich isolates from the brains of deceased patients into the cerebral ventricles of healthy adult rats decreased the animals’ ability to remember a learned behavior (a passive avoidance task). The timing of this amyloid-β-induced failure of recall mirrored the known temporal pattern of transcriptional regulation of synapse remodeling that accompanies such learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144296171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inclusion of medical students in the next generation of clinician scientist training programs","authors":"Deniz Buyukkaplan, Yaren Canpolat, Andrea Cuschieri, Devin Inan, Deniz Koc, Benedikt Pelzer","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03760-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03760-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We appreciate the insights provided by Melk et al. in their Comment¹ in <i>Nature Medicine</i>. The authors effectively highlight the importance of structured programs in preparing clinician scientists to bridge the gap between clinical practice and research. However, we would like to emphasize the critical role of medical students in this ecosystem and the need for greater accessibility and support at the undergraduate level.</p><p>We agree with Melk et al. that career counseling, mentoring and protected research time are fundamental elements of successful clinician scientist programs. However, these opportunities are largely inaccessible to medical students, who are at the very beginning of their professional journeys. Therefore, we suggest extending these structured programs to the undergraduate level, providing early exposure to research and the necessary support systems to cultivate future clinician scientists.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for shortening tuberculosis therapy","authors":"Véronique A. Dartois, Valerie Mizrahi, Radojka M. Savic, Jared A. Silverman, David Hermann, Clifton E. Barry","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03742-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03742-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the absence of effective patient-stratification approaches, tuberculosis (TB) treatment relies on overtreating most patients to ensure high cure rates. Shortening treatment duration without compromising efficacy is therefore high on the agenda of the global TB community. While new and better drugs are certainly needed, we argue that innovative but rational treatment strategies, using both new and existing therapies, will help achieve this goal. There is growing recognition that patient stratification, based on host and pathogen factors, is key to delivering the right drug regimen for the right duration. In this Perspective, we review the current knowledge on the heterogeneity of TB disease and propose approaches to optimize treatment duration in distinct patient groups, taking into consideration the realities of TB control globally. We emphasize key insights that improve the understanding of bacterial vulnerabilities in patients with easy-to-treat and hard-to-treat TB, helping to reduce diagnostic uncertainties. We explore how the TB research community can integrate disease biology, pathology and symptoms, to rethink therapeutic strategies and reduce TB treatment duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How AI can deliver the Human Exposome Project","authors":"Thomas Hartung","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03749-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03749-w","url":null,"abstract":"An ambitious Human Exposome Project aims to reveal how our environment shapes our health.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}