Nature Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Can AI-powered brain–computer interfaces boost human intelligence?","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03641-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03641-7","url":null,"abstract":"The latest brain–computer interfaces in pre-clinical testing receive — and send — signals, training the brains of participants.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomized trials","authors":"Sally Hopewell, An-Wen Chan, Gary S. Collins, Asbjørn Hróbjartsson, David Moher, Kenneth F. Schulz, Ruth Tunn, Rakesh Aggarwal, Michael Berkwits, Jesse A. Berlin, Nita Bhandari, Nancy J. Butcher, Marion K. Campbell, Runcie C. W. Chidebe, Diana Elbourne, Andrew Farmer, Dean A. Fergusson, Robert M. Golub, Steven N. Goodman, Tammy C. Hoffmann, John P. A. Ioannidis, Brennan C. Kahan, Rachel L. Knowles, Sarah E. Lamb, Steff Lewis, Elizabeth Loder, Martin Offringa, Philippe Ravaud, Dawn P. Richards, Frank W. Rockhold, David L. Schriger, Nandi L. Siegfried, Sophie Staniszewska, Rod S. Taylor, Lehana Thabane, David Torgerson, Sunita Vohra, Ian R. White, Isabelle Boutron","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03635-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03635-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Well-designed and properly executed randomized trials are considered the most reliable evidence on the benefits of healthcare interventions. However, there is overwhelming evidence that the quality of reporting is not optimal. The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement was designed to improve the quality of reporting and provides a minimum set of items to be included in a report of a randomized trial. CONSORT was first published in 1996, then updated in 2001 and 2010. Here, we present the updated CONSORT 2025 statement, which aims to account for recent methodological advancements and feedback from end users. We conducted a scoping review of the literature and developed a project-specific database of empirical and theoretical evidence related to CONSORT, to generate a list of potential changes to the checklist. The list was enriched with recommendations provided by the lead authors of existing CONSORT extensions (Harms, Outcomes, Non-Pharmacological Treatment), other related reporting guidelines (TIDieR) and recommendations from other sources (such as personal communications). The list of potential changes to the checklist was assessed in a large, international, online, three-round Delphi survey involving 317 participants and discussed at a two-day online expert consensus meeting of 30 invited international experts. We have made substantive changes to the CONSORT checklist. We added seven new checklist items, revised three items, deleted one item, and integrated several items from key CONSORT extensions. We also restructured the CONSORT checklist, with a new section on open science. The CONSORT 2025 statement consists of a 30-item checklist of essential items that should be included when reporting the results of a randomized trial and a diagram for documenting the flow of participants through the trial. To facilitate implementation of CONSORT 2025, we have also developed an expanded version of the CONSORT 2025 checklist, with bullet points eliciting critical elements of each item. Authors, editors, reviewers, and other potential users should use CONSORT 2025 when writing and evaluating manuscripts of randomized trials to ensure that trial reports are clear and transparent.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme inequities in access to HIV treatment in Malawi","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03676-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03676-w","url":null,"abstract":"We identified major geographic inequities in the supply of, and need for, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) medications in Malawi. These inequities have generated ‘HIV treatment deserts’ — areas with low access to a healthcare facility that provides HIV treatment. Approximately one quarter of people living with HIV in Malawi reside in one of these treatment deserts.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reprogramming the tumor immune microenvironment to treat glioblastoma","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03636-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03636-4","url":null,"abstract":"Johanna Joyce describes how disrupting tumor-associated macrophages showed the importance of the tumor microenvironment in treating cancer.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene-edited pig liver successfully transplanted into human","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/d41591-025-00025-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41591-025-00025-9","url":null,"abstract":"The first pig liver to be transplanted into a human (in this case, a brain-dead recipient) showed sustained function without rejection — marking another step toward xenotransplantation as a viable approach to addressing the organ-shortage crisis.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical translation of microbiome research","authors":"Jack A. Gilbert, Meghan B. Azad, Fredrik Bäckhed, Martin J. Blaser, Mariana Byndloss, Charles Y. Chiu, Hiutung Chu, Lara R. Dugas, Eran Elinav, Sean M. Gibbons, Katharine E. Gilbert, Matthew R. Henn, Suzanne L. Ishaq, Ruth E. Ley, Susan V. Lynch, Eran Segal, Tim D. Spector, Philip Strandwitz, Jotham Suez, Carolina Tropini, Katrine Whiteson, Rob Knight","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03615-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03615-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The landscape of clinical microbiome research has dramatically evolved over the past decade. By leveraging in vivo and in vitro experimentation, multiomic approaches and computational biology, we have uncovered mechanisms of action and microbial metrics of association and identified effective ways to modify the microbiome in many diseases and treatment modalities. This Review explores recent advances in the clinical application of microbiome research over the past 5 years, while acknowledging existing barriers and highlighting opportunities. We focus on the translation of microbiome research into clinical practice, spearheaded by Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved microbiome therapies for recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infections and the emerging fields of microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics. We highlight key examples of studies demonstrating how microbiome mechanisms, metrics and modifiers can advance clinical practice. We also discuss forward-looking perspectives on key challenges and opportunities toward integrating microbiome data into routine clinical practice, precision medicine and personalized healthcare and nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the ONCOBIOME network in cancer microbiome research","authors":"Laurence Zitvogel, Lisa Derosa, Bertrand Routy, Sibylle Loibl, Lucie Heinzerling, I. Jolanda M. de Vries, Lars Engstrand, Nicola Segata, Guido Kroemer","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03608-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03608-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The European Union-sponsored ONCOBIOME network has spurred an international effort to identify and validate relevant gut microbiota-related biomarkers in oncology, generating a unique and publicly available microbiome resource. ONCOBIOME explores the effects of the microbiota on gut permeability and metabolism as well as on antimicrobial and antitumor immune responses. Methods for the diagnosis of gut dysbiosis have been developed based on oncomicrobiome signatures associated with the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment responses in patients with cancer. The mechanisms explaining how dysbiosis compromises natural or therapy-induced immunosurveillance have been explored. Through its integrative approach of leveraging multiple cohorts across populations, cancer types and stages, ONCOBIOME has laid the theoretical and practical foundations for the recognition of microbiota alterations as a hallmark of cancer. ONCOBIOME has launched microbiota-centered interventions and lobbies in favor of official guidelines for avoiding diet-induced or iatrogenic (for example, antibiotic- or proton pump inhibitor-induced) dysbiosis. Here, we review the key advances of the ONCOBIOME network and discuss the progress toward translating these into oncology clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cell atlas of human endometrium reveals key molecular and cellular alterations in PCOS","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03672-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03672-0","url":null,"abstract":"A human cellular and molecular atlas of the proliferative endometrium in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was generated via single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. This study reveals PCOS-specific alterations in cellular composition and gene expression, and identifies potential therapeutic targets. These findings could advance treatments for PCOS-related endometrial dysfunction and associated health challenges.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The WHO aims for financial stability despite US exit","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03649-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03649-z","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization’s inaugural Investment Round aims to instill stability in the face of global health headwinds and a US exit.","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author Correction: Risk of hematological malignancies from CT radiation exposure in children, adolescents and young adults","authors":"Magda Bosch de Basea, Isabelle Thierry-Chef, Richard Harbron, Michael Hauptmann, Graham Byrnes, Maria-Odile Bernier, Lucian Le Cornet, Jérémie Dabin, Gilles Ferro, Tore S. Istad, Andreas Jahnen, Choonsik Lee, Carlo Maccia, Françoise Malchair, Hilde Olerud, Steven L. Simon, Jordi Figuerola, Anna Peiro, Hilde Engels, Christoffer Johansen, Maria Blettner, Magnus Kaijser, Kristina Kjaerheim, Amy Berrington de Gonzalez, Neige Journy, Johanna M. Meulepas, Monika Moissonnier, Arvid Nordenskjold, Roman Pokora, Cecile Ronckers, Joachim Schüz, Ausrele Kesminiene, Elisabeth Cardis","doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-03689-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03689-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Correction to: <i>Nature Medicine</i> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02620-0, published online 9 November 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":19037,"journal":{"name":"Nature Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":82.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}