南方医科大学学报杂志最新文献

{"title":"[<i>Ziwuliuzhu</i> acupuncture modulates Glu/GABA‑Gln metabolic loop abnormalities in insomniac rats].","authors":"Jiarong Xu, Ao Huang, Zhikai Ding, Yu Bao, Canghuan Zhao, Wenzhi Cai","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.06","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the therapeutic effect of <i>Ziwuliuzhu</i> acupuncture in a rat model of insomnia and its regulatory effect on the glutamic acid (Glu)/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutamine (Gln) metabolic loop.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty male SD rats were randomly assigned to control group, model group, <i>Najia</i> group and <i>Nazi</i> group (<i>n</i>=10). In the latter 3 groups, rat models of insomnia were established by intraperitoneal injections of p-chlorophenylalanine and verified using a sodium pentobarbital-induced sleep test. After modeling, the rats in <i>Najia</i> and <i>Nazi</i> groups received acupuncture for 7 days at specifically chosen sets of acupoints based on the <i>Ziwuliuzhu</i> rationale in traditional Chinese medicine. Pathological changes in the hypothalamic tissue of the rats were examined with HE staining, and the levels of Glu and GABA in the hypothalamus were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of GABAA receptors (GABAARs) in the hypothalamus, and the expression levels of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65/67) and glutamine synthetase (GS) were determined with Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the model group, the rats in <i>Najia</i> and <i>Nazi</i> groups exhibited decreased Glu levels and GABAA receptor expression and increased GABA levels with a decreased Glu/GABA ratio in the hypothalamus. <i>Ziwuliuzhu</i> acupuncture significantly increased the protein expressions of GAD65 and GAD67 and lowered the expression of GS in the hypothalamus in the rat models of insomnia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>Ziwuliuzhu</i> acupuncture produces sedative and hypnotic effects in rat models of insomnia possibly by regulating Glu and GABA-Gln metabolism to restore the excitatory/inhibitory balance between Glu and GABA.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1616-1624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Electroacupuncture improves myocardial injury in rats with acute myocardial ischemia by inhibiting HPA axis hyperactivity <i>via</i> modulating hippocampal glutamatergic system].","authors":"Kun Wang, Haiyan Zuo, Jiaojiao Zhang, Xin Wu, Wenhui Wang, Shengbing Wu, Meiqi Zhou","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.04","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To clarify the role of hippocampal glutamate system in regulating HPA axis in mediating the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at the heart meridian for improving myocardial injury in rats with acute myocardial ischemia (AMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male SD rats were randomized into sham-operated group, AMI group, EA group, and L-glutamic acid+EA group (<i>n</i>=9). Rat models of AMI were established by left descending coronary artery ligation, and EA was applied at the \"Shenmen-Tongli\" segment; the rats in L-glutamic acid+EA group were subjected to microinjection of L-glutamic acid into the bilateral hippocampus prior to AMI modeling and EA treatment. Cardiac functions of the rats were evaluated using echocardiography, and ECG and heart rate variation (HRV) were analyzed using PowerLab and LabChart. Pathological changes in the myocardial tissue was examined using HE staining, and serum levels of myocardial enzymes were detected with ELISA. Myocardial expressions of TH and GAP43 were detected with immunohistochemistry, and colocalization of VGLUT1, VGLUT2 and c-fos were observed using immunofluorescence staining; the expressions of VGLUT1, VGLUT2, NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B were detected using Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rat models of AMI showed significantly decreased LVEF and LVFS and increased serum levels of myocardial enzymes in positive correlation with the HPA axis. Numerous TH- and GAP43-positive cells were observed in the hippocampus, where the expressions of NE and E, neurons colabeled with VGLUT1, VGLUT2 and c-fos, and expressions of VGLUT1, VGLUT2, NMDAR1, NMDAR2B and Glu increased significantly. All these changes were significantly improved by interventions with EA as compared with those in AMI and L-Glutamate+EA groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In rats with AMI, EA at the heart meridian can regulate excessive glutamate release in the hippocampus, thereby inhibiting HPA axis hyperactivity and reducing sympathetic nerve activity to protect the myocardial tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1599-1607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Circ_0000437 promotes proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells by targeting the let-7b-5p/CTPS1 axis].","authors":"Siyuan Ma, Bochao Zhang, Chun Pu","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.13","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the role of circular RNA circ_0000437 in regulating biological behaviors of breast cancer cells and the molecular mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with sh-circ_0000437, mimics, inhibitor, si-CTPS1, or their respective negative controls. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels of circ_0000437, let-7b-5p, CTPS1, Notch1, Hes1, and Numb in breast cancer cell lines and tissues. RNase R digestion was used to confirm the circular structure of circ_0000437 and its subcellular localization in the breast cancer cells was determined by cellular distribution analysis. The changes in proliferation, invasion and migration of the transfected cells were assessed using CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay and scratch assay. Dual-luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were employed to validate binding interactions among circ_0000437, let-7b-5p, and CTPS1. The cellular expressions of CTPS1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin proteins were detected with Western blotting. A tumor-bearing mouse model was used to verify the oncogenic mechanism of circ_0000437 and CTPS1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Circ_0000437 and CTPS1 were upregulated while let-7b-5p was downregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Circ_0000437 or CTPS1 knockdown obviously suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Overexpression of let-7b-5p produced similar inhibitory effects, whereas inhibition of let-7b-5p significantly enhanced malignant behaviors of the cells. In the tumor-bearing mouse models, circ_0000437 knockdown significantly suppressed tumor growth, but co-transfection of the cells with pcDNA-CTPS1 accelerated tumor growth. Binding sites were identified between circ_0000437 and let-7b-5p and between let-7b-5p and CTPS1, and circ_0000437, let-7b-5p, and CTPS1 showed functional interactions in breast cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Circ_0000437 is upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cells, and its high expression promotes proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT of breast cancer cells through the let-7b-5p/CTPS1 axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1682-1696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A risk prediction model for prognosis and immunotherapy response in prostate cancer patients based on immunosuppressive neutrophil Neu_2 subsets].","authors":"Zixian Chen, Jiawei Zhou, Lei Tan, Zhipeng Huang, Kangyi Xue, Mingkun Chen","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.09","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify immunosuppressive neutrophil subsets in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and construct a risk prediction model for prognosis and immunotherapy response of the patients based on these neutrophil subsets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-cell and transcriptome data from PCa patients were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Neutrophil subsets in PCa were identified through unsupervised clustering, and their biological functions and effects on immune regulation were analyzed by functional enrichment, cell interaction, and pseudo-time series analyses. Lasso-Cox regression was utilized to construct a prognostic risk model based on the immunosuppressive neutrophil subsets, and survival analysis and ROC curve analysis were used to compare the prognosis of PCa patients with high and low risks stratified using this model. The relationship of the prognostic risk model with PCa immune infiltration and immune response was evaluated using CIBERSORT and TIDE scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCa tissues showed a significantly greater proportion of infiltrating neutrophils than the adjacent normal tissues (<i>P</i><0.05). PCa-associated neutrophils could be clustered into two independent cell subsets: Neu_1 and Neu_2. Neu_2 cells exhibited highly enriched immunoregulatory functions and were highly differentiated and mature, with upregulated immunosuppressive cytokines such as TGFB1, ITGB2, and LGALS3. Based on the genetic characteristics of Neu_2 cell subsets, the prognostic risk model was constructed. The patients in the high-risk group identified by the model had a shorter biochemical recurrence time (<i>P</i><0.05) and a higher proportion of Tregs and M2-TAMs cell infiltration (<i>P</i><0.05) with a higher risk of immune rejection and poorer immune response scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PCa-associated neutrophils are highly heterogeneous. The prognostic risk model constructed based on the immunosuppressive neutrophil Neu_2 subset can effectively predict both the survival outcomes and immune response of PCa patients<b>.</b></p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1643-1653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Avitinib suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ameliorates septic shock in mice].","authors":"Feifei Shang, Xiaoke Shi, Yao Zeng, Xunqian Tao, Tianzhen Li, Yan Liang, Yanqin Yang, Chuanwang Song","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.14","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of avitinib for suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and alleviating septic shock and explore the underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from healthy volunteers were pre-treated with avitinib, followed by activation of the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome using agonists including nigericin, monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, or adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome activation was induced <i>via</i> intracellular transfection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Western blotting was used to detect the secretory protein markers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and assess pyroptosis, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in cell culture supernatant were determined with ELISA. In a mouse model of LPS-induced septic shock, the effect of avitinib treatment on the levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum and peritoneal lavage fluid were examined with ELISA, and survival curves of the mice were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Avitinib significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in multiple cell types, and dose-dependently reduced IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 cleavage while suppressing GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis without obviously affecting IL-6 or TNF-α levels. In the mouse models of LPS-induced septic shock, avitinib significantly lowered IL-1β levels in serum and peritoneal fluid and extended survival time of the mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Avitinib suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and alleviates septic shock in mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1697-1705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Racial differences in treatment and prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma: analysis based on SEER and TCGA databases].","authors":"Shangping Fang, Jiameng Liu, Xingchen Yue, Huan Li, Wanning Li, Xiaoyu Tang, Pengju Bao","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.15","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the differences in the prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) among different races using the US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the data of patients with gastric SRCC from the SEER database from 2000 to 2020, and divided the patients into cohorts of whites, blacks, Asians or Pacific Islanders, American Indians/Alaska Natives according to their race. The prognosis and treatment of the cohorts were evaluated using baseline demographic analysis, Kamplan-Meier survival curve, and nomogram analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed the data of a total of 2058 patients, including 8.6% blacks, 72.4% whites, 16.6% Asians or Pacific Islanders, 1.0% American Indians/Alaska Natives, and 1.4% other races. The tumor grade varied among different races, and the prevalence and survival rates of patients differed significantly across races. The differences in the white cohort were the most prominent, and all the differences were statistically significant (<i>P</i><0.05). Racial differences were also noted in patient management and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are racial differences in tumor grades and prognosis of gastric SRCC, and these differences provide evidence for optimizing clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for this malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1706-1717"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Elevated advanced glycation endproducts is a risk factor for stenosis after primary arteriovenous fistula surgery].","authors":"Tianhong Li, Xinfang Qin, Lili Wei, Huixin Bi","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.11","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of serum advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) on stenosis after first autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with ESRD undergoing standard native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for the first time in the Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University from February to June 2022 were prospectively enrolled. The preoperative general data, clinical examination results and ultrasound data of the operated limbs were collected. The patients with and without stenosis within 2 months after the operation were compared for preoperative serum AGEs levels detected using ELISA and the clinical parameters. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors of AVF stenosis, and the sensitivity and specificity of AGEs for predicting postoperative stenosis were analyzed using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 94 patients enrolled, 34 had postoperative arteriovenous stenosis and 60 had no stenosis. The number of diabetic patients differed significantly between stenosis group and non-stenosis group (<i>P</i><0.001). Serum AGEs levels, which were negatively correlated with serum phosphorus level (<i>P</i><0.05), were significantly higher in stenosis group than in non-stenosis group (<i>Z</i>=-2.837, <i>P</i>=0.005). Serum AGE level was an independent risk factor for postoperative stenosis after AVF (OR=1.251, 95% <i>CI</i>:1.096-1.423, <i>P</i><0.001). For predicting AVF stenosis, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of AGEs was 0.677 (<i>P</i>=0.007, 95% <i>CI</i>: 0.572-0.770), with a specificity of 90.00% and a sensitivity of 52.94% at the optimal cut-off value of 8.43 µg/mL; AGEs combined with fibrinogen had an AUC of 0.763 (<i>P</i><0.001, 95% <i>CI</i>: 0.664-0.844), with a specificity of 73.33% and a sensitivity of 70.59% at the optimal cut-off value of 0.30.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated serum AGEs level is an independent risk factor for postoperative AVF stenosis, and its combination with fibrinogen has a better efficacy for predicting postoperative AVF stenosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1663-1671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[<i>Tianma Gouteng</i> Granule improves motor deficits in mouse models of Parkinson's disease by regulating the necroptosis pathway].","authors":"Dandan Chen, Qianqian Ren, Menglin Lü, Baowen Zhang, Xingran Liu, Meng Zhang, Yang Wang, Xianjuan Kou","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.01","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of formulated granules of <i>Tianma Gouteng Yin</i> (TGY) on motor deficits in a mouse model of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced subacute Parkinson's disease (PD) and explore the possible molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety C57BL/6 mice were randomized equally into 6 groups, including a control group, a PD model group, a NEC-1 (6.5 mg/kg) treatment group, two TGY treatment groups at 5 and 2.5 g/kg, and a Madopar (76 mg/kg) treatment (positive control) group. Mouse models of PD were established by intraperitoneal injection of MPTP (30 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days with the corresponding treatments for 15 days. The mice were randomly selected for motor function tests. Western blotting was used to detect the changes in expressions of TH, α-syn, RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL in the striatum of the mice. Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking studies were performed to explore TGY-mediated regulation of the necroptosis pathway for PD treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with those in the control group, the PD model mice exhibited obvious motor deficits with significantly increased α-syn protein expression and lowered TH protein expression in the striatum. Treatment with NEC-1 obviously improved motor deficits, inhibited the necroptosis pathway, and alleviated the changes in TH and α‑syn proteins in PD mice. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses suggested that the therapeutic effect of TGY in PD was associated with the modulation of RIPK1, a key protein in the necroptosis pathway. In PD mouse models, TGY treatment at the two doses significantly improved motor deficits of the mice, increased TH expression, and decreased the expressions of α-syn and necroptosis-related proteins in the striatum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TGY can effectively inhibit the necroptosis pathway, increase TH expression and decrease α-syn expression in the striatum to improve motor deficits in PD mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1571-1580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[An lightweight algorithm for multi-dimensional optimization of intelligent detection of dental abnormalities on panoramic oral X-ray images].","authors":"Taotao Zhao, Ming Ni, Shunxing Xia, Yuehao Jiao, Yating He","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.23","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We propose a YOLOv11-TDSP model for improving the accuracy of dental abnormality detection on panoramic oral X-ray images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SHSA single-head attention mechanism was integrated with C2PSA in the backbone layer to construct a new C2PSA_SHSA attention mechanism. The computational redundancy was reduced by applying single-head attention to some input channels to enhance the efficiency and detection accuracy of the model. A small object detection layer was then introduced into the head layer to correct the easily missed and false detections of small objects. Two rounds of structured pruning were implemented to reduce the number of model parameters, avoid overfitting, and improve the average precision. Before training, data augmentation techniques such as brightness enhancement and gamma contrast adjustment were employed to enhance the generalization ability of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experiment results showed that the optimized YOLOv11-TDSP model achieved an accuracy of 94.5%, a recall rate of 92.3%, and an average precision of 95.8% for detecting dental abnormalities. Compared with the baseline model YOLOv11n, these metrics were improved by 6.9%, 7.4%, and 5.6%, respectively. The number of parameters and computational cost of the YOLOv11-TDSP model were only 12% and 13% of those of the high-precision YOLOv11x model, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lightweight YOLOv11-TDSP model is capable of highly accurate identification of various dental diseases on panoramic oral X-ray images.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1791-1799"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A coupled diffusion-based model of interaction between tumor metastasis and myeloid-derived suppressive cells].","authors":"Yating Huang, Zhenyou Wang","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.21","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.08.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the key role of myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) in pre-metastatic niche (PMN) and analyze their interrelationships with the main components in the microenvironment using a mathematical model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mathematical descriptions were used to systematically analyze the functions of MDSCs in tumor metastasis and elucidate their association with the major components (vascular endothelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, and cancer-associated macrophages) contributing to the formation of the pre-metastatic microenvironment. Based on the formation principle of the pre-metastatic microenvironment of tumors, the key biological processes were assumed to construct a coupled partial differential diffusion equation model. The existence and uniqueness of the model solutions were investigated using approximation methods, the qualitative theory of partial differential equations and Banach's immovable point theorem, and numerical simulations were carried out by differential numerical methods to verify the reliability and accuracy of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The existence and uniqueness of the local and overall solutions of the model were proved using the approximation method, the qualitative theory of partial differential equations and Banach's immovable point theorem in combination with the regularity estimation of the local solutions and the embedding inequality. Numerical simulation results further validated the reliability of the model and demonstrated the important role of MDSCs in the pre-metastatic microenvironment of tumors, especially in angiogenesis and immunosuppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals the important functions of MDSCs in the pre-metastatic microenvironment of tumors through mathematical modeling and numerical simulation, which provides an important theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of tumor metastasis and devising cancer treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 8","pages":"1768-1776"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}