南方医科大学学报杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Electroacupuncture alleviates articular chondrocyte apoptosis in rats with knee osteoarthritis by regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway].","authors":"Chunning Li, Qiqi Yang, Zhenfeng Zhang, Liang Bao, Tianxin Jiang, Yu Zhang, Fei Li","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.16","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on chondrocyte apoptosis in rats with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and the underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, KOA model group, and EA group (<i>n</i>=9). Rat models of KOA were established by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate, and EA treatment was administered at the acupoints \"Neixiyan\", \"Dubi\", \"Xuehai\", and \"Yanglingquan\" (dense-sparse wave, 2/100 Hz, 0.5-1.0 mA, 20 min/day for 14 days). Knee function of the rats was assessed using Lequesne MG scale, and cartilage pathologies and ultrastructural changes were observed with HE staining and transmission electron microscopy. The protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65, COL2, COL10, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 and mRNA levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF‑κB p65 were detected using Western blotting and RT-qPCR; serum levels of IL-1β and TNF‑α were determined with ELISA. Another 15 rats were randomized into blank control, model, TLR4 inhibitor (TAK-242), EA, and sham-EA groups (<i>n</i>=3) for analysis of HMGB1 and key pathway protein expressions and NF‑κB p65 nuclear translocation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The KOA rats showed increased Lequesne MG scores, obvious chondrocyte injuries, upregulated TLR4, MyD88, NF‑κB p65, COL10, Bax, and caspase-3 expressions, increased serum IL-1β and TNF‑α levels with decreased COL2 and Bcl-2 expressions. EA significantly reduced Lequesne MG scores, improved cartilage pathologies and reversed the abnormal changes in protein expressions and inflammatory cytokines. The KOA rats showed increased HMGB1 expression and enhanced NF‑κB p65 nuclear translocation, and EA treatment effectively decreased HMGB1 expression, reduced nuclear NF‑κB p65, and increased cytoplasmic NF‑κB p65. The TLR4 inhibitor produced similar effects, while sham EA produced no significant effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EA alleviates cartilage injury in KOA rats possibly by inhibiting HMGB1-mediated activation of TLR4/MyD88/NF‑κB signaling and NF‑κB p65 nuclear translocation to regulate Bcl-2/Bax balance and suppress mitochondria-dependent chondrocyte apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1886-1895"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Paeoniflorin alleviates cancer-related fatigue during chemotherapy for breast cancer by targeting EZH2/CCNE1 to regulate cell cycle and inflammatory microenvironment].","authors":"Zhuang Li, Huan Shi, Jieting Chen, Yuqi Liang, Yingchao Wu, Qian Zuo, Qianjun Chen","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.11","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the molecular mechanisms and key pharmacodynamic basis of <i>Baishao</i> for alleviating cancer-related fatigue (CRF) during chemotherapy for breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bioinformatics analyses were used to explore the active ingredients and potential targets of <i>Baishao</i>, CRF-related targets, and the differentially expressed core genes between chemotherapy and non-chemotherapy groups. Four machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, SVM, XGBoost, and GLM) were used to screen the key feature genes to construct a diagnostic nomogram model with subsequent survival and immunohistochemical analyses using Kaplan-Meier Plotter and HPA databases. In an IL-17-induced Py230 breast cancer cell model of CRF, the regulatory effects of paeoniflorin (a major active ingredient of <i>Baishao</i>) on the core targets were validated using CCK-8 assay, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen active ingredients (including paeoniflorin, albiflorin, and kaempferol) and 475 drug targets of <i>Baishao</i> were identified, yielding 65 core intersection genes enriched in the MAPK signaling cascade, circadian rhythm, and cell cycle regulation and showing significant correlations with immune cells. The SVM model demonstrated the best diagnostic performance and identified PSMB8, EZH2, CCNE1, PSEN2, and CDK1 as the key feature genes. The SVM-based nomogram achieved a C-index of 0.911, showing excellent calibration and clinical net benefit. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding affinities between the core ingredients of <i>Baishao</i> and the key targets. Survival analysis linked high EZH2 and CCNE1 expressions to poor breast cancer prognosis. In IL-17-induced Py230 cells, chemotherapy resulted in significant upregulation of EZH2 and CCNE1 expressions, which were effectively reversed by paeoniflorin treatment with an efficacy comparable to specific positive inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Paeoniflorin alleviates chemotherapy-induced CRF in breast cancer by targeting and inhibiting abnormal expressions of EZH2 and CCNE1 to regulate cell cycle and inflammatory microenvironment, highlighting the therapeutic potential of <i>Baishao</i> for attenuating toxicity and enhancing efficacy of chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1835-1849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Motion parameter decoupling and motion constraint-driven optimization for correcting rigid motion artifacts in cone-beam computed tomography].","authors":"Haotao Jiang, Yongbo Wang, Zhaoying Bian","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.24","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To solve the problem of rigid motion artifacts caused by patient movement and gantry vibration during long-duration cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) using geometric parameter decoupling and motion-constrained optimization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a motion estimation framework based on 3D-2D rigid registration, the rigid motion parameters were categorized into out-of-plane and in-plane motions, and a stepwise optimization sequence was designed to decouple the mutual interference among the parameters. In response to dynamic evolution of artifact characteristics from multi-contour overlap to edge blurring during the iterative process, a progressive cost function was formulated to facilitate an adaptive transition of the optimization objective from projection data consistency constraints to structural detail recovery. To address the issue of multi-solution in 3D-2D registration and the potential spatial misalignment introduced during iteration, a motion estimation constraint mechanism was incorporated to eliminate global bias, thereby enhancing the algorithm's convergence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed algorithm accurately estimated rigid motion trajectories and restored the images via motion compensation. On head simulation data, this model achieved optimal quantitative metrics across 3 motion levels, improved PSNR by 2.1% and SSIM by 2.9%, and reduced RMSE by 6.5% compared to the suboptimal methods. Additional validation on knee simulation and real porcine data further demonstrated its efficacy and generalization capability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed rigid motion artifact correction algorithm demonstrates good performance in estimating motion trajectories and compensating for image artifacts, thus providing a viable and robust solution for suppressing rigid motion artifacts in clinical CBCT imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1967-1980"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[MiR-124 ameliorates MK-801-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice by promoting hippocampal neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation].","authors":"Dongkun Yu, Shijie Zhi, Yanbo Liu, Zhilun Yang, Juan Liu, Yu Shao","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.15","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the regulatory effect of miR-124 on MK-801-induced anxiety-like behavior in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, MK-801+Saline group, MK-801+Vehicle group, and MK-801+miR-124 group (<i>n</i>=15). Anxiety-like models were established in the latter 3 groups by intraperitoneal injection of MK-801, and stereotaxic brain injection of mmu-miR-124-3p mimics was performed for local miR-124 overexpression in the hippocampus, and successful miR-124 transfection was verified using RT-qPCR. Behavioral tests were conducted to assess the effect of miR-124 overexpression on anxiety-like behaviors of the mice. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to examine the effects of miR-124 overexpression on hippocampal neuronal protein expressions, neural stem cell number, number of new neurons, and neuronal differentiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mice in MK-801+miR-124 group showed significantly increased hippocampal miR-124 levels after the injection. The mice receiving miR-124 microinjection exhibited significant increases in both the total and central zone distance traveled in open field test and in percentages of time spent in the open arms in elevated plus maze test. Hippocampal Tuj1 protein expression and the numbers of hippocampal neural stem cells and newborn neurons, along with the fluorescence area ratio of newborn to mature neurons, increased significantly in the mice in MK-801+miR-124 group. <b>Conclusio</b>n miR-124 overexpression ameliorates MK-801-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice by promoting hippocampal neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation and increasing hippocampal neuron number, suggesting the value of miR-124 as a potential therapeutic target for anxiety disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1878-1885"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetrahydrocurcumin ameliorates depression-like behaviors in chronic restraint stress mice by modulating neuroinflammation and neurotrophic balance <i>via</i> the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway.","authors":"Tengteng Ma, Jianyu Yang, Yun Yuan, Haiyun Luo, Yubin Wei, Jingyuan Meng, Xingping Wang, Jianping Xie, Ying Guo","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.01","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate whether tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) ameliorates depression-like behaviors in mice by modulating neuroinflammation and neurotrophic balance <i>via</i> the SIRT1/NF‑κB pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mouse model of depression was established using chronic restraint stress (CRS). The mice were treated with THC (2.5, 5, or 10 mg/k) or sertraline (10 mg/kg) on a daily basis for 21 consecutive days. Anxiety- and depression-like behaviors of the mice were assessed using open field, elevated plus maze, tail suspension, and forced swimming tests. Serum levels and hippocampal expression levels of SIRT1, p-NF-κB/NF-κB, inflammatory factors (TNF-α and iNOS), and neurotrophic factors (BDNF, GDNF, and TGF-β1) were measured using ELISA, Western blotting, or immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of hippocampal CA3 microglial activation marker (Iba1) and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) were analyzed using immunofluorescence staining. In the <i>in vitro</i> experiment, BV2 microglial cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with THC with or without the SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 for validating the pathway mediating the effect of THC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>THC treatment significantly alleviated CRS-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and increased body weight gain of the mice. THC obviously reduced serum and hippocampal levels of TNF-α and iNOS, increased the expression levels of SIRT1, BDNF, GDNF, and TGF-β1, and inhibited NF‑κB activation in the hippocampus. The THC-treated mice showed significantly reduced Iba1 expression and Iba1⁺/SIRT1⁺ cells and increased SIRT1 expression in the hippocampal CA3 region. In cultured BV2 cells, THC effectively attenuated LPS-induced NF-κB activation, lowered expressions of TNF-α and iNOS, and promoted SIRT1, BDNF, GDNF, and TGF-β1 expressions; these effects were obviously blocked by treatment with EX-527, confirming SIRT1 dependence of the effect of THC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>THC produces significant antidepressant-like effects in CRS mice likely by activating SIRT1 to suppress NF‑κB-mediated neuroinflammation and restore neurotrophic factor expressions. These findings highlight the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway as a key mechanism mediating the therapeutic effect of THC against depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1719-1729"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[<i>Chaihu Shugan San</i> inhibits C3/C3aR-mediated microglial M1 polarization to improve hippocampal synaptic plasticity in mice with menopausal syndrome with liver <i>qi</i> stagnation].","authors":"Yao Zhong, Xiaoshi Cai, Xinyuan Li, Suying Wang, You Wu, Zhaoxi Chen, Yue Wang, Bingrong Shen, Lin Gong, Jianying Shen, Li Min, Wenna Liang","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.10","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of <i>Chaihu Shugan San</i> (CSS) for treatment of menopausal syndrome (MPS) with liver <i>qi</i> stagnation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-six female C57BL/6 mice were randomized into sham-operated group (<i>n</i>=13) and bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) groups (<i>n</i>=43), and the latter group was further randomized equally into menopausal group, menopausal liver <i>qi</i> stagnation (MPS+CUMS) group subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and CSS treatment group (with CSS gavage at daily dose of 6.47 g/kg for 28 days). MPS model establishment was validated by vaginal smears and behavior tests. The levels of sex hormones, neurotransmitters, and inflammatory cytokines in the serum and hippocampus were measured by ELISA. Hippocampal morphology was observed using HE and Golgi staining, and immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were used to detect the expressions of microglial markers, synaptic plasticity proteins and C3/C3aR pathway proteins in the hippocampal CA1 region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OVX mice showed disrupted estrous cycles. The MPS+CUMS mice exhibited obvious depression-like behaviors, abnormal sex hormones and neurotransmitters, elevated inflammatory factors, hippocampal CA1 neuronal loss with disordered arrangement and pyknosis, reduced dendritic spines, increased microglial markers, decreased synaptic plasticity proteins, and upregulated C3/C3aR pathway. All these changes were significantly improved or corrected after CSS treatment in MPS+CUMS mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CSS alleviates MPS with liver <i>qi</i> stagnation possibly by inhibiting C3/C3aR-mediated M1 microglial polarization and improving synaptic plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1823-1834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of exosomes derived from normoxic or hypoxic human umbilical vein endothelial cells on hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury and cardiac fibroblast activation <i>in vitro</i>].","authors":"Xiaoshuan Xiong, Tao Yang, Junyu Chen, Xiaoqing Yang, Shiyu Chen, Huanjun Ruan, Xiaoqing Wang, Weining Zhang, Fangzhou Cheng, Xiao Ke","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.18","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of exosomes derived from human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions (N-exo and H-exo, respectively) on hypoxia-induced injury of human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells and activation of rat cardiac fibroblasts (RCFs) <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>N-exo and H-exo were extracted from HUVECs by differential centrifugation and sucrose density gradient centrifugation and characterized. AC16 cells and RCFs in normoxic culture or hypoxic culture (1% O₂ for 24 h) were treated with N-exo or H-exo, and the changes in protein and mRNA levels were examined with Western blotting and RT-qPCR. Intracellular ROS levels and apoptosis in AC16 cells were assessed by DCFH-DA staining and TUNEL staining, and the changes in proliferation of RCFs were evaluated with EdU assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>N-exo and H-exo with densities of 1.5×10⁹ and 7.2×10⁸ mL^-1 were obtained, respectively, which showed abundant protein components and expressed the exosomal marker HSP70. In AC16 cells, hypoxic exposure significantly upregulated CK-MB mRNA and downregulated Cx43 and GPX4 mRNA levels, causing also enhanced expressions of ALP, IL-1β and cTnT proteins and increased intracellular ROS content and cell apoptosis. These changes were effectively alleviated by treatment with 10⁷ mL^-1 N-exo but worsened after treatment with H-exo. In RCFs, hypoxia significantly increased the expressions of collagen I, collagen III and α‑SMA and cell proliferation, which were suppressed by N-exo treatment but further enhanced by H-exo treatment. Hypoxia exposure increased HIF-1α and VEGF expression and phosphorylation level of AKT in both AC16 cells and RCFs; N-exo obviously inhibited while H-exo further enhanced these changes. Px-478, a specific HIF-1α inhibitor, significantly inhibited hypoxia-induced AC16 cell injury and RCF activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>N-exo derived from HUVECs inhibits while H-exo exacerbates hypoxia-induced AC16 cell injury and RCF activation possibly via the HIF-1α pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1905-1914"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A semi-supervised MRI image segmentation dual-network model for regions with ambiguous boundaries and heterogeneous regions].","authors":"Lingxiao Huang, Haizhe Xu, Lingyan Huang, Xinbo Yao, Kaiyuan Zhou, Yongzhan Gao","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.23","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To construct a high-value region-guided dual-network semi-supervised segmentation method (HVASS) under extremely low labeling rates for addressing the challenges of heterogeneity and blurred boundaries in MRI tumor subregions and improving the accuracy and reliability of complex boundary segmentation for the heart and glioma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HVASS employs a dual-network collaborative learning architecture that leverages prediction inconsistency to automatically identify two clinically significant high-risk regions: the high-confidence ambiguity zones, where predictions between the two networks diverge despite at least one network exhibiting high confidence; and the low-confidence stable zones, where predictions agree but with consistently low confidence across both networks. To refine pseudo-label quality, an adaptive dual-teacher mutual distillation mechanism was introduced for dynamically leveraging complementary knowledge from both networks. A high-value region-aware convolutional module was integrated to strengthen feature representation at the tumor margins and the heterogeneous areas, while a wavelet-based frequency-domain refinement module was incorporated to preserve the fine-grained edge details. The framework was evaluated on two publicly available datasets: BraTS2019 for brain glioma MRI and ACDC for cardiac MRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On the ACDC dataset, HVASS achieved a mean Dice score of 90.34% and a 95th percentile Hausdorff Distance (95HD) of 2.46 mm, representing a 3.24% improvement in Dice and a 2.68 mm reduction in 95HD compared to the state-of-the-art model. On BraTS2019, the model attained a Dice score of 85.07% and a 95HD of 7.68 mm, with a 3.8% increase in Dice for enhancing tumor sub-region and a substantial reduction of boundary localization error.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HVASS demonstrates superior segmentation performance under minimal annotation settings and allows effective capture of fuzzy boundaries and heterogeneous tumor regions in MRI. The method shows particular strength in segmenting small lesions and ill-defined edges and thus lessens the annotation burden of the radiologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1956-1966"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[<i>Escherichia coli</i> outer membrane vesicles inhibit rat glioma proliferation through cell endocytosis].","authors":"Chenxi Hu, Xi Gu, Pengcheng Niu, Yiting Wang, Liaoqiong Fang, Zhibiao Wang, Jin Bai","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.02","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the inhibitory effect of <i>Escherichia coli</i> outer membrane vesicles (<i>E. coli</i>-OMVs) on glioma proliferation and the underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CCK-8 assay and EdU incorporation assay were used to determine the optimal concentrations of <i>E. coli</i>-OMVs and chlorpromazine (CPZ) for cell treatment. C6 glioma cells treated with 10 μg/mL <i>E. coli</i>-OMVs and 10 μmol/L CPZ were examined for PCNA and Ki67 expressions and cell cycle distribution using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. The expressions of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc proteins in C6 cells were detected following treatment with OMVs in the presence or absence of CHIR99021. In a SD rat model bearing orthotopic glioma, the effects of intranasal PBS or OMVs (0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg/kg) administration on tumor growth and PCNA and Ki67 expressions were observed using fluorescence imaging and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>E. coli</i>-OMVs within the concentrations of 2.5-10 μg/mL dose-dependently inhibited C6 cell viability, and such inhibitory effect was attenuated by 2.5, 5, and 10 μmol/L CPZ, which was the most effective at 10 μmol/L. The OMVs at 10 μg/mL significantly reduced EdU-positive cells, downregulated mRNA and protein expressions of PCNA and Ki67, and increased G0/G1-phase and decreased S-phase cell populations. These alterations were largely reversed by 10 μmol/L CPZ. Treatment with OMVs downregulated cellular expressions of β‑catenin, Cyclin D1, and c-Myc, which were partially restored by application of CHIR99021. In the tumor-bearing mice, intranasal OMVs administration dose-dependently decreased the relative fluorescence signals, slowed tumor growth, and reduced PCNA and Ki67 expressions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>E. coli</i>-OMVs inhibit glioma cell proliferation and delay orthotopic tumor growth in rats likely via endocytic uptake of the OMVs to cause suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and cell cycle arrest.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1730-1742"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[<i>Songjie</i> Formula alleviates rheumatoid arthritis in rats with wind-cold-dampness syndrome by regulating Th17/Treg immune balance].","authors":"Xiaoli Mei, Silan Wu, Jinping Luo, Wentao Huang, Jianbin Sun, Chonggang Huang","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.17","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2026.08.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of <i>Songjie</i> Formula (SJF) for alleviating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome (WCDA) from the perspective of Th17/Treg immune balance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty male SD rat models of RA with WCDA were randomized into two equal groups for daily gavage with saline (model group) or SJF for 14 consecutive days, with 10 normal rats serving as the normal control group. The changes in body weight, general condition, and plantar swelling of the rats were monitored. Serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-17, IL-21, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured using ELISA, and Th17 and Treg cell percentages in peripheral blood and splenic T cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) in the ankle joint synovial tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the rats models of RA with WCDA, SJF gavage significantly improved the general condition, reduced foot swelling, downregulated serum levels of IL-17, IL-21, and TNF-α, upregulated IL-10 level, and obviously increased Treg cell percentage while decreasing Th17 cell percentage. SJF treatment also significantly suppressed the expressions of RORγt mRNA and protein, promoted Foxp3 mRNA and protein expressions, and alleviated synovial inflammatory cell infiltration in the rat models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SJF regulates inflammatory cytokine levels, Th17/Treg ratio, and RORγt/Foxp3 expressions in RA rat model with WCDA, suggesting that its therapeutic efficacy for RA is mediated primarily by ameliorating joint inflammation and pathologies via modulating the Th17/Treg balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"46 8","pages":"1896-1904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}