Multiple sclerosis and related disorders最新文献

{"title":"Ocrelizumab for pediatric relapsing multiple sclerosis","authors":"Raed Alroughani ,&nbsp;Malak AlMojel ,&nbsp;Jasem Al-Hashel ,&nbsp;Samar Farouk Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Ocrelizumab treatment for Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS)</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>POMS patients tend to have a higher rate of relapses and progression to secondary progressive course at earlier age compared to adult-onset MS. Although Ocrelizumab, a recombinant humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal IgG1, approved by FDA and EMA for adult patients with multiple sclerosis (AOMS), limited data in the literature is found in regards to its efficacy and safety in POMS subsets.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A retrospective study was conducted on POMS patients who had Ocrelizumab treatment initiated at an age younger than 18 years old with at least one year of follow-up were included. The primary end-point was the proportion of relapse-free patients at the end of observational period. The secondary end-points were the change of annualized relapse rate (ARR), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, and proportion of patients with no MRI activity (new/enlarging T2 lesions and gadolinium (Gd) enhancing lesions).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 24 POMS patients enrolled in the study, 58.3 % were females with a mean age of 16.33 years. Prior to the administration of Ocrelizumab, all patients had clinical and radiological activities, of whom 23 were naïve and one had prior therapy. The median duration of follow-up under Ocrelizumab was 15 months. At the end of follow-up visits, 91.7 % of patients were relapse-free, with a decrease in the mean ARR from 1.08 to 0.08; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001. Nonetheless, only one patient (4.2 %) had MRI activity during the treatment course. Mean EDSS was stabilized in 75 % of patient and improved in 16.7 % patients. None of the patients had serious side effects</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ocrelizumab can be considered a safe and effective treatment for POMS with RRMS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain bright spotty lesions and leukodystrophy-like patterns in NMOSD relapse","authors":"Alessandro Cruciani ,&nbsp;Alessandro Stasolla ,&nbsp;Shalom Haggiag ,&nbsp;Serena Ruggieri ,&nbsp;Luca Prosperini ,&nbsp;Claudio Gasperini ,&nbsp;Carla Tortorella","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare disease that primarily affects the optic nerve and the spinal cord but less frequently can also involve the brain. We present the case of a woman who experienced an atypical NMOSD relapse characterized by MRI white matter brain lesions with a leukodystrophy-like pattern. Additionally, lesions in the middle cerebellum peduncles exhibited a distinctive T2w hyperintense/FLAIR hypointense signal resembling the brain's bright spotty lesions (BSLs) previously described in the spinal cord. This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical MRI patterns in NMOSD to facilitate diagnosis and appropriate timely treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics and blood markers for short-term prognosis prediction in severe Guillain-Barré syndrome: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Li Chen ,&nbsp;Hui Yang ,&nbsp;Change Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Zilong Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhihong Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the clinical, electrophysiological characteristics and blood inflammatory markers in severe Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and their correlation with short-term prognosis. Data from 95 patients with severe GBS were classified into two groups based on the Hughes functional grading scale (HFGS) on day 28: those with poor prognosis (&gt;3) and those with prognosis (≤3). Clinical characteristics, nerve conduction studies and blood parameters were compared at admission between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis identified predictive factors for GBS, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy. A nomogram model combining these predictive factors was constructed and evaluated using ROC and calibration curves and Hosmer⁃Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. The poor prognosis group exhibited bulbar paralysis and an elevated modified Erasmus GBS Outcome Score (mEGOS) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Nerve conduction studies revealed increased numbers of inexcitable motor nerves (IMN) in the poor prognosis group. Blood analysis showed significantly elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) during acute disease stage (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) compared with the good prognosis group. ROC curve analysis indicated that mEGOS, NLR value, IMN number, and their combination had area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.818, 0.757, 0.870, and 0.947, with sensitivities of 78.4 %, 76.5 %, 75.0 %, and 92.2 %, and specificities of 77.3 %, 77.3 %, 61.3 %, and 86.4 % respectively, for short-term prognosis prediction. The nomogram model demonstrated an area under the ROC curve of 0.990, reflecting good potential clinical effect. The calibration curve showed good agreement between actual observations and nomogram predictions. The findings indicate that early assessment of the occurrence of bulbar palsy, mEGOS, IMN numbers, and NLR value can predict poor prognosis, with their combination providing improved accuracy for short-term prognosis in patients with severe GBS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head-and-neck cooling has a greater effect on motor performance in unpredictable tasks than in constant and predictable ones for men with multiple sclerosis: A randomized crossover study","authors":"Gintare Dauksaite ,&nbsp;Nerijus Eimantas ,&nbsp;Rima Solianik ,&nbsp;Laura Daniuseviciute-Brazaite ,&nbsp;Lina Malciene ,&nbsp;Marius Brazaitis","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the effects of different motor tasks (constant vs. predictable vs. unpredictable), as well as head-and-neck cooling, on central and peripheral fatigability, physiological-thermal stress, and motor system function in men with multiple sclerosis (MS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighteen male MS volunteers (aged 34.9 ± 8.1 years) were allocated to one of two groups: the head-and-neck cooling group (COLD) or the control group (CON), which received no thermal intervention. Each group participated in three exercise trials, each structured with variations in simulated contraction intensity (constant, predictable, and unpredictable), with at least one week between trials. The trials involved 100 intermittent isometric contraction tasks, targeting knee extensions at a 60° flexion angle. Fatiguing motor tasks involved 5-second contractions followed by 20-second rest periods. Key variables were assessed before, during, and after a 1-hour recovery period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Head-and-neck cooling reduced central fatigability, improved perceived exertion, and elevated electromyography amplitude across all motor task strategies (p &lt; 0.05). When combined with head-and-neck cooling, the unpredictable motor task induced greater modulation of central and peripheral motor performance variables than the constant and predictable ones. Additionally, predictable and unpredictable motor tasks caused greater peripheral fatigability than constant tasks in both the COLD and CON groups (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>An unpredictable motor task combined with head-and-neck cooling enhances central activation of exercising muscles, leading to lower central fatigability and improved perceived exertion, while also inducing greater peripheral fatigability, as evidenced by reduced force generation and greater motor errors compared to constant and predictable ones in men with MS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The written symbol digit modalities test in multiple sclerosis is sensitive to cognitive and motor disability","authors":"Matthew A Greenwald ,&nbsp;Héctor G. Cancel Asencio ,&nbsp;Kevin Hu ,&nbsp;Karan Kawatra ,&nbsp;Jenifer Dwyer ,&nbsp;Gary Cutter ,&nbsp;Irene Cortese ,&nbsp;Daniel S Reich ,&nbsp;María I. Gaitán","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The symbol digit modalities test is a commonly used cognitive assessment for which the written (wSDMT) version remains poorly studied in multiple sclerosis (MS).</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To establish performance benchmarks, assess learning effects, and explore the utility of the wSDMT as a joint indicator of cognitive and motor disability progression in MS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis of wSDMT scores, collected over a decade in conjunction with common clinical measures, was carried out using reliable change indices and linear mixed-effects modeling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 866 participants (753 MS, 113 healthy) took 3618 wSDMTs. 544 (64 %) were females, who outperformed males (mean: 48.4 vs mean: 46.3, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). wSDMT scores declined with age (-0.34 points/year, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and displayed evidence of learning effects (2.18 points per test). Changes in 9-Hole Peg Test times predicted wSDMT score changes (-0.27 points/second, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), and the wSDMT was moderately sensitive to declines in both upper extremity motor (30 %) and cognitive function (44 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The wSDMT is sensitive to both cognitive and motor disability progression but exhibits heterogeneous aging and learning effects, potentially skewing interpretations of reliable change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glymphatic dysfunction in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and its association with brain structural damage and cognitive impairment","authors":"Zhuo Wang ,&nbsp;Xia Xu ,&nbsp;Fei Jia ,&nbsp;Wenjing Ren ,&nbsp;Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Jingqi Jiang ,&nbsp;Liang Zhou ,&nbsp;Kai Ai ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the glymphatic dysfunction in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and its potential associations with brain structural damage, clinical disability, and cognitive impairment (Co-I).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study involved 70 patients with RRMS and 44 healthy controls. Neurological and MRI assessments were performed, and cognitive performance was assessed via the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRB-N). To assess the glymphatic function, we calculated the choroid plexus volume (CPV) and diffusion tensor imaging along perivascular spaces (DTI-ALPS) index. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to examine correlations between glymphatic dysfunction and MRI-derived brain damage metrics. Additionally, we utilised random forest analysis to identify predictors of Co-I and assessed the mediating role of DTI-ALPS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with RRMS, particularly those with Co-I, exhibited a low DTI-ALPS index and large CPV. A lower DTI-ALPS index was associated with longer disease duration, greater disability, larger lesion volume (LV), mean diffusivity (MD), and CPV, as well as lower fractional anisotropy (FA) (all FDR-<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, DTI-ALPS mediated 27.21 % and 43.75 % of CPV effects on information processing speed and visuospatial memory, respectively. Random forest analysis indicated that lower education (relative importance [RI] = 100 %), higher CPV (RI = 95.8 %), lower DTI-ALPS index (RI = 80.7 %), higher MD (RI = 61.3 %), lower FA (RI = 60.5 %), older age (RI = 54.6 %), and higher EDSS score (RI = 45.4 %) are predictors of Co-I.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study implied that glymphatic dysfunction may contribute to brain structural damage, clinical disability, and cognitive impairment in RRMS, indicating that glymphatic dysfunction may play a key role in the pathogenesis of RRMS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining AI and AlphaFold to design better therapies for autoimmune encephalitis","authors":"Jagannadha Avasarala","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106530","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of early progression independent of relapse activity significantly impacts on disability accumulation in patients with multiple sclerosis","authors":"María Agustina Zárate ,&nbsp;Mariano Marrodan ,&nbsp;María Agustina Piedrabuena ,&nbsp;Marcela Paula Fiol ,&nbsp;María Célica Ysrraelit ,&nbsp;Jorge Correale","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Disability accumulation in multiple sclerosis (MS) is driven by relapse-associated worsening (RAW) and progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA). Early PIRA (EP), occurring within five years of disease onset, has been proposed as a critical marker of poor prognosis. However, risk factors for EP remain poorly defined.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify clinical and demographic factors associated with EP and assess its impact on long-term disability accumulation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included 143 relapsing-remitting MS patients with disability progression (EDSS 4, 6, or 8) primarily due to PIRA. Patients were categorized as EP (PIRA within five years of onset) or late PIRA (LP, after five years). Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses assessed risk factors and disability progression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EP was identified in 39/77 (51 %) of PIRA patients. EP patients were older at diagnosis (38.6 vs. 34 years, <em>p</em> = 0.01), predominantly female (<em>p</em> = 0.02), and more likely to have spinal cord onset symptoms (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). EP patients reached EDSS 4, 6, and 8 significantly faster than LP patients (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). In multivariate analysis, spinal cord onset was the strongest predictor of EP (HR=2.1, 95 %CI=1.05–4.44, <em>p</em> = 0.03).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>EP occurs in half of PIRA patients and is associated with spinal cord onset and older age at diagnosis. These findings highlight the need for early identification and aggressive treatment to mitigate long-term disability. Further research is required to refine predictive models and optimize therapeutic strategies for high-risk patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a clinical score to estimate the probability of neuromyelitis optica in patients presenting with optic neuritis","authors":"Sara Terrim ,&nbsp;Guilherme Diogo Silva ,&nbsp;Fernando Cavalcanti de Sá e Benevides Falcão ,&nbsp;Paula Baleeiro Rodrigues Silva ,&nbsp;Graziella Aguiar Santos Faria ,&nbsp;Flavio Vieira Marques Filho ,&nbsp;Ana Claudia Piccolo ,&nbsp;Luiz Roberto Comerlatti ,&nbsp;Mateus Boaventura de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Tarso Adoni ,&nbsp;Douglas Kazutoshi Sato ,&nbsp;Samira Luisa Apóstolos-Pereira ,&nbsp;Dagoberto Callegaro","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) represents a significant etiology of optic neuritis (ON), primarily due to its severity and risk of sequelae. Early diagnosis is crucial to establish prompt treatment and avoid disability. However, its recognition in acute-phase ON can pose challenges. We aimed to develop a prognostic model for early suspicion of neuromyelitis optica (NMOSD) in patients presenting with ON.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients admitted to our emergency department between 2015 and 2020 with diagnosis of ON were enrolled in our study. We performed univariable analysis in our sample to identify variables associated with a final diagnosis of NMOSD. Based on our findings and previous literature, we selected four variables to develop a prognostic model to predict the risk of a diagnosis of NMOSD independent of anti-AQP4 status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We enrolled 63 participants with optic neuritis (45 women [71 %]; median age 34 years [interquartile range 29–47 years]), of which 18 were diagnosed with NMOSD (12 anti-AQP4 positive and 6 anti-AQP4 negative) and 45 with other demyelinating disease. Our final prognostic model included female gender, bilateral ON, absence of pain, and chiasmal involvement detected in orbit MRI into an NMO<img>ON risk score. This score aims to stratify patients into low, intermediate, and high-risk categories for NMOSD among those presenting with ON symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>An easily accessible score with clinical and radiological information may early predict the risk of NMOSD to help in diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body mass index is unrelated to the response to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in persons with multiple sclerosis","authors":"Danae García-Vélez ,&nbsp;Mónica Daniela Salgado-Cabrera ,&nbsp;Michelle Lavoignet-Cisneros ,&nbsp;Moisés Manuel Gallardo-Pérez ,&nbsp;Gloria Erendy Cruz-Pérez ,&nbsp;Miguel Angel Viveros-Lugo ,&nbsp;Sofía Chávez-Martínez ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Olivares-Gazca ,&nbsp;Guillermo José Ruiz-Delgado ,&nbsp;Guillermo José Ruiz-Argüelles","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that compromises the central nervous system; it is characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neuronal degeneration. Its complex etiology involves genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, with emerging research highlighting the importance of nutritional status, particularly the body mass index (BMI), in disease progression. While BMI has been linked to other neurodegenerative conditions, its specific impact on MS remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to analyze the association between patient BMI and the response to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) and disease progression, as reflected by changes in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 12 months post-transplant. The goal is to determine whether BMI influences treatment response and determine potential predictors of outcomes in MS patients undergoing autologous HSCT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective study of 457 patients with MS who underwent autologous HSCT between May 2015 and June 2023. Patients were classified into BMI categories: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. Response to HSCT was assessed by changes in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), 3- and 12-months post-transplant. A positive response was defined as EDSS stabilization or improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cohort included 16 underweight, 227 normal weight, 138 overweight, and 76 obese patients. Overall, 77 % of patients responded positively to HSCT: the median EDSS score decreased from 5.5 (IQR 3.5–6.5) to 5.0 (IQR 2.5–6.5) (<em>p</em> = 0.0049). Positive responses were observed in 100 % underweight, 75 % normal-weight, and 75 % overweight patients, with no significant differences in response rates across BMI categories.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>BMI was not associated with the clinical response to autologous HSCT in MS patients. These findings suggest that the efficacy of aHSCT is independent of BMI, although further studies are needed to explore the broader implications of BMI on treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 106524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}