Multiple sclerosis and related disorders最新文献

{"title":"Factors influencing oropharyngeal dysphagia in individuals with chronic neurological disorders presenting to the outpatient swallowing disorder clinic","authors":"Güleser Güney Yılmaz ,&nbsp;Müberra Tanrıverdi ,&nbsp;Remzi Doğan ,&nbsp;Orhan Özturan","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate neurogenic dysphagia in individuals with various neurological disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted adults with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), stroke, or Parkinson's Disease (PD) who presented with dysphagia. Assessments included the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) for dietary status, the Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) with Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) for swallowing function, and the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and Swallow Quality of Life Questionnaire (SWAL-QOL) for dysphagia severity and swallowing/eating-related quality of life (SRQoL), respectively. Statistical analyses included ANOVA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 105 participants with MS, stroke, and PD groups. SWAL-QOL scores were significantly higher in the MS and PD groups compared to the stroke group (<em>p</em> = 0.001). Stroke patients had the most severe overall swallowing difficulties, while MS patients experienced the highest rate of aspiration (37 %). Fatigue levels were significantly higher in the MS and PD groups (<em>p</em> = 0.001), and social function scores were lowest in the stroke group (<em>p</em> = 0.041). No significant differences were observed in eating desire, fear of eating, sleep quality, communication, or EAT-10 scores across the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the differential impact of neurogenic dysphagia on swallowing function and SRQoL. Although dysphagia is a known issue in acute neurological conditions such as strokes, individuals with progressive diagnoses such as MS should be referred to swallowing clinics at an early stage, keeping in mind that it can lead to serious consequences that can affect their quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of satralizumab in a real-world clinical setting in Japan: Interleukin-6 receptor inhibition in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A six-month interim analysis of a multicenter medical chart review","authors":"Kazuo Fujihara ,&nbsp;Noriko Isobe ,&nbsp;Katsuichi Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Masaaki Niino ,&nbsp;Jin Nakahara ,&nbsp;Satoshi Hattori ,&nbsp;Mamoru Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Izumi Kawachi ,&nbsp;Naoko Matsui ,&nbsp;Chiyoko Nohara ,&nbsp;Norito Kokubun ,&nbsp;Norio Chihara ,&nbsp;Tatsuro Misu ,&nbsp;Kazumasa Okada ,&nbsp;Katsuhisa Yamashita ,&nbsp;Tadashi Nagatsuka ,&nbsp;Hiroki Adachi ,&nbsp;Ichiro Nakashima","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Satralizumab is approved in Japan for relapse prevention of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G–seropositive (AQP4[+]) patients. However, clinical trial data for Japanese patients are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>SAkuraBeyond, an ongoing real-world observational study (UMIN000050027), evaluates NMOSD relapse over 2.5 years among satralizumab-treated patients with AQP4[+] NMOSD in Japan (25 sites). Herein, we present a 26-week interim effectiveness analysis. Patient data were derived from medical chart review and electronic case report forms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 125 enrolled patients who initiated satralizumab, 124 were included in the study (mean age, 51.1 years; female, 93.5 %; mean disease duration, 7.0 years). At week 26, 120 patients were relapse-free (12 withdrew from satralizumab). The annualized relapse rate [95 % confidence interval (CI)] was 0.069 [0.026–0.183] at week 26 after satralizumab initiation and 0.445 [0.342–0.580] within 52 weeks before satralizumab initiation. The relapse-free rate [95 % CI] at week 26 was 96.6 % [91.2–98.7]. Four patients had relapses, of whom 1 discontinued satralizumab. Three recorded a modified Rankin Scale of ≤3 (1 with unknown status). The mean oral glucocorticoid (GC) dose reduced from baseline to 26 weeks of satralizumab treatment; the GC dose was reduced in 71.3 % of patients treated with oral GC &gt;0 mg at baseline. Azathioprine and tacrolimus doses could be reduced to 0 mg/day in 35.3 % and 26.2 % of relapse-free patients, respectively, at week 26.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The 6-month relapse-free rate after satralizumab treatment was 96.6 %. Satralizumab use permitted dose reduction of concomitant oral GC and immunosuppressants over 26-weeks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 106384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First insights into the safety and effectiveness of additional courses with cladribine tablets under real-world conditions","authors":"Christoph Kleinschnitz ,&nbsp;Jelena Skuljec ,&nbsp;Markus C. Kowarik ,&nbsp;Michael Ernst ,&nbsp;Lara Woitschach ,&nbsp;Lukas Cepek ,&nbsp;Daniela Rau ,&nbsp;Benedicta Kühnler ,&nbsp;Sylke Schlemilch-Paschen ,&nbsp;Matthias Schwab ,&nbsp;Refik Pul","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral cladribine for relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) is administered in a cumulative dose of 3.5 mg/kg body weight over the first 2 years, followed by a 2-year drug-free interval. There is a lack of evidence on resuming cladribine therapy in year 5.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate safety and effectiveness of additional cladribine courses in patients with RMS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adult patients with highly active RMS who completed 5 years following cladribine initiation were included in this retrospective analysis if they received one or two additional cladribine courses or remained treatment-free through year 5 (control group). Outcome parameters included lymphocyte counts, adverse events, relapse rate and EDSS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 166 available patients, 48 and 13 patients received one and two additional cladribine courses, respectively, and 105 patients remained treatment-free. Administering a third and fourth course of cladribine did not trigger any serious adverse events attributable to the therapy. Elevated serum transaminase levels following additional cladribine courses did not exceed 2.5-fold the ULN. The lymphocyte profile following the third and fourth course was consistent with observations reported after the first and second course. Relapse activity remained low following redosing and in the control group. EDSS remained stable in redosed patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Administering additional cladribine courses is an effective option to maintain disease control and did not trigger any serious adverse events attributable to the therapy. Patients with elevated serum transaminase levels should be regularly monitored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal confocal microscopy as a tool for detecting axonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis and correlation with severity: A meta-analysis","authors":"Ali Al-Salahat ,&nbsp;Alexander Hall ,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Chen ,&nbsp;Ram Narayan ,&nbsp;Evanthia Bernitsas","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><div>This study explores the role of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) in detecting axonal degeneration in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and its correlation with severity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. Differences in corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), corneal nerve fiber branch density (CNBD), corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), between pwMS and healthy controls were quantified using risk ratio (RR) and estimated using random effects models due to high observed heterogeneity. Random-effects meta-regression was utilized to evaluate the relationship between severity and CNFD, CNFL and CNBD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 8 studies were included with 351 pwMS. CNFD and CNFL were lower in pwMS compared to controls (Hedge's G Effect Size = -1.53, 95 % CI:2.62, -0.44, <em>p</em> = .01). Meta-regression analysis showed that CNFD (Mean <em>b</em> = -1.93, 95 % CI (-3.32, -0.55), <em>p</em> = .01), CNBD (Mean <em>b</em> = -33.36, 95 % CI (-48.90, -17.82), <em>p</em> &lt; .01) and CNFL (Mean <em>b</em> = -2.31, 95 % CI (-2.94, -1.68) <em>p</em> &lt; .01) had significant associations with Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS) but not with Extended Disability Severity Score (EDSS).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>CCM can be a non-invasive imaging biomarker for axonal degeneration in pwMS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct clinical, imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid profiles in people with late-onset multiple sclerosis","authors":"Lukas Steinegger ,&nbsp;Veronika Kana ,&nbsp;Nathalie Nierobisch ,&nbsp;Adham Elshahabi ,&nbsp;Michael Weller ,&nbsp;Marina Herwerth ,&nbsp;Patrick Roth","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Late-onset multiple sclerosis (LOMS), defined as onset after age 50, poses unique diagnostic challenges due to clinical and radiological differences from early-onset multiple sclerosis (EOMS), which typically manifests in adults between 20 and 40 years of age. Limited research on these differences hampers accurate diagnosis of LOMS. This study aims to bridge this gap by comparing clinical presentation, imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in LOMS and EOMS patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed clinical, MRI, and CSF data from 148 LOMS patients treated in the neuroimmunology outpatient clinic of a Swiss tertiary referral center between 2013 and 2023. A control group of 148 EOMS patients, matched by year of diagnosis, was included for comparison.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LOMS patients, with a median onset age of 53 years (interquartile range (IQR) 51–58 years), more commonly presented with motor or multiple symptoms and a primary progressive multiple sclerosis subtype (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). They were also more likely than EOMS patients (median onset age 28 years, IQR 24–33 years) to report cognitive impairment and fatigue at disease onset (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). MRI analysis showed that LOMS patients had a significantly higher T2-lesion load (<em>p</em> = 0.026) but fewer Gadolinium-enhancing lesions at diagnosis (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The percentage of patients with CSF-specific oligoclonal bands was comparable between groups, whereas CSF pleocytosis was more common in EOMS patients (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Importantly, we noticed a significant delay in diagnosing multiple sclerosis in older adults likely due to misdiagnosis or difficulties in timely recognition.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>LOMS represents a subgroup of multiple sclerosis with unique clinical and radiological characteristics compared to EOMS. The higher T2-lesion burden and fewer Gadolinium-enhancing lesions in LOMS can pose diagnostic challenges. Recognizing these differences may enhance diagnostic accuracy and guide more effective management strategies for LOMS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of pregnancy in relapsing-remitting MS prognosis: A five-year study","authors":"Ergi Kaya ,&nbsp;Taha Aslan ,&nbsp;Yasemin Şimşek ,&nbsp;Sinem Ozcelik ,&nbsp;Serkan Ozakbas","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently affects women during their reproductive years, leading to growing interest in the interaction between pregnancy and MS progression. The relationship between pregnancy and MS prognosis has been widely studied, yet long-term outcomes remain controversial, with studies presenting conflicting results.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aims to assess the long-term impact of pregnancy on MS prognosis by examining relapse rates, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, and MRI activity over three and five years after delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A total of 111 women with MS (wwMS) who delivered either preterm or at full term after MS diagnosis were retrospectively studied. The participants were grouped into those who experienced no relapses during pregnancy (NRG) and those who did (RG). A control group of 85 non-pregnant wwMS (NPG) with matched demographic and clinical characteristics was included for comparative analysis. Clinical data such as relapse rates, EDSS scores, and MRI findings were collected and analyzed statistically to determine the potential impact of pregnancy on MS.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Of the women who delivered post-MS diagnosis, 11 experienced relapses during pregnancy. There were no significant differences between the three groups regarding prepregnancy annualized relapse rate, EDSS scores, age at diagnosis, age at pregnancy, oligoclonal band positivity, first symptom localization, or disease-modifying therapy use (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Both the NRG and RG groups experienced significantly more relapses compared to the NPG group during the first three and five years post-delivery (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the RG group had a higher relapse rate in the third year after delivery compared to the NRG group (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Having a delivery after an MS diagnosis is associated with increased relapse activity, particularly within the first three years postpartum. However, this heightened relapse activity does not appear to contribute to long-term disability accumulation and MRI activity in wwMS. These findings support the importance of individualized postpartum monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of online pilates training on cognitive functions and dual task performance in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled study","authors":"Kader Eldemir ,&nbsp;Sefa Eldemir ,&nbsp;Cagla Ozkul ,&nbsp;Ceyla Irkec ,&nbsp;Arzu Guclu-Gunduz","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive impairments in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) are common and aggravate dual-task (DT) performance. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of online Pilates training on cognitive functions and the DT performance of balance, walking, and functional mobility in PwMS.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this randomized controlled trial, forty-six PwMS were recruited and randomly allocated into two groups. The Online Pilates group (OPG) received Pilates training via videoconferences three days per week during six weeks at home. The control group (CG) was a waitlist with no Pilates treatment. Cognitive Functions were assessed with Montreal Cognitive Asssessment (MoCA), The Trail Making Test (TMT), and The Stroop Test (ST). DT performance was assessed with mental tracking and verbal fluency during postural stability (PS), walking, and functional mobility.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At the end of six weeks, the interaction effects (time × group) revealed significant differences for MoCA (<em>p</em> = 0.024), TMT-B (<em>p</em> = 0.012), ST (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.012), PS-with mental tracking (<em>p</em> = 0.004), PS-with verbal fluency (<em>p</em> = 0.003), cadence-with mental tracking (<em>p</em> = 0.048), and functional mobility-with mental tracking (<em>p</em> = 0.043) in favor of the OPG. Additionally, MoCA, TMT, ST, and DT performance during balance and functional mobility significantly improved in after six-week online Pilates training, but did not in CG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Pilates training via videoconference was effective in the improvement of cognitive functions and DT performance in PwMS. Online Pilates may be considered for improving cognitive impairments and DT performances in PwMS with barriers to accessing clinics.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06462339</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody positive patients -validation of current diagnostic criteria","authors":"Jodie M. Burton ,&nbsp;Napo Kasirye-Mbugua ,&nbsp;Fiona Costello ,&nbsp;Zarina Assis","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in the 2023 MOGAD International Panel diagnostic criteria help distinguish myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease (MOGAD) from mimics, particularly when MOG antibody titers are low. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of these MRI features in a large, previously diagnosed cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All MOG IgG cell-based assays performed by Mitogen Dx laboratory in Alberta from July 2017 to July 2023 were retrieved. All MOG positive with a MOGAD presentation and =&gt; one MRI study of brain, spine, or optic nerves were identified. MRIs were re-evaluated by two neuroradiologists and a neurologist for MOGAD-like features. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and positive and negative predictive value were calculated based on diagnosis in all patients and low antibody titer patients specifically.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 3831 tested patients, 158 had MOG antibodies, a MOGAD-consistent presentation, and MRI(s) of brain, spine or optic nerves. Of these 158 patients, 102 were diagnosed with MOGAD. Compared to patients with higher antibody titers, low titer patients with MOGAD MRI features had preserved specificity and improved negative predictive value for a MOGAD diagnosis. Only MOGAD patients had lesion resolution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>When applying MRI features from the 2023 MOGAD diagnostic criteria to an existing cohort, there was good sensitivity and specificity for MOGAD with improved specificity and negative predictive value in those with low antibody titers. The odds of a MOGAD diagnosis were high when lesions resolved on repeated imaging, particularly versus multiple sclerosis, suggesting this feature may merit more weight in future diagnostic criteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence pattern and associations of migraine headaches in multiple sclerosis: Insights from a large-scale cross-sectional study","authors":"Maryam Poursadeghfard ,&nbsp;Narjes Houshyar ,&nbsp;Mohammad Saied Salehi ,&nbsp;Etrat Hooshmandi ,&nbsp;Mahnaz Bayat","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Aim</h3><div>While the comorbidity of migraine and multiple sclerosis (MS) has been documented, large-scale studies examining migraine patterns in MS patients, particularly across diverse age ranges, are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of migraines in MS patients and compare them with known patterns in the general population from existing literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 706 MS patients (ages 14–73), spanning pediatric to late-onset MS cases. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationships between variables and identify factors influencing the risk of migraines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 706 patients, 185 (26.2%) were found to have migraines. Among these, 144 patients (77.8%) reported developing migraines after their MS diagnosis. Age and sex did not emerge as significant predictors of migraine prevalence. However, a notable association was observed between MS subtypes and migraine occurrence. Patients with the Relapsing-Remitting MS subtype had higher odds of experiencing migraines (odds ratio = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.89, <em>p</em> = 0.03), as did those with the Primary Progressive MS subtype (odds ratio = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.23 to 4.99, <em>p</em> = 0.01) compared to the Secondary Progressive subtype.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study highlights distinct patterns of migraine prevalence in MS patients, notably the lack of significant sex- or age-related differences, which contrasts with the established trends in the general population. Additionally, we observed a significant association between MS subtypes, particularly PPMS, and increased migraine risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical comorbidities in adults newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis and clinically isolated syndrome: An observational study exploring prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes","authors":"Sydney J. Pattison ,&nbsp;Erin G. Mistretta ,&nbsp;Dawn M. Ehde ,&nbsp;Anna L. Kratz ,&nbsp;Kevin N. Alschuler","doi":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msard.2025.106390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Comorbidity is common in people with MS (PwMS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), but research exploring factors associated with comorbidity and impacts on health outcomes in newly diagnosed PwMS and CIS is limited. This study aimed to (1) report the prevalence of medical comorbidities in newly diagnosed PwMS and CIS, (2) explore the relationship between comorbidity and demographic factors, (3) examine the relationship between comorbidities and outcomes one year following diagnosis, accounting for baseline outcomes to assess change over time, and (4) explore if these relationships differ with comorbidity treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Secondary analysis of data collected from a longitudinal, observational study of adults newly diagnosed with MS or CIS 1 month and 12 months after diagnosis (N = 230). Statistical methods included point biserial, Chi-squared, ANCOVA, and multivariate linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The most common comorbidities within the first year following diagnosis were mental health (32.9 %), vascular (32 %), neurological (22.5 %), and musculoskeletal (9.1 %). Age and race were associated with hypertension and heart trouble, respectively. After one year, mental health comorbidity was associated with higher fatigue scores, musculoskeletal and neurological comorbidity with higher pain interference, and neurological comorbidity with less exercise, after accounting baseline for fatigue, pain interference and exercise. Those with treated neurological conditions had worse pain interference compared to those with untreated conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mental health, neurological, and musculoskeletal comorbidities were common within the first year following diagnosis, and were associated with worse fatigue and pain, and decreased exercise. Future research should explore how early treatment of comorbidities may impact outcomes and disease progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18958,"journal":{"name":"Multiple sclerosis and related disorders","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 106390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}