{"title":"Insights into IVDD pathogenesis in 2024","authors":"Daisuke Sakai","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01207-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-024-01207-4","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging research in intervertebral disc degeneration in 2024 highlights microbial, immune and inflammatory mechanisms that drive chronic low back pain. These insights pave the way for potential transformative therapies that address the root causes of intervertebral disc degeneration and could improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antigen-specific immunotherapies for autoimmune disease","authors":"Jane H. Buckner","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01201-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-024-01201-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antigen-specific therapies have a long history in the treatment of allergy but have not been successful in autoimmunity. However, in the past 20 years, advances in the definition of the self-antigens that promote autoimmunity and the growing understanding of the mechanisms that maintain tolerance in health but fail in autoimmunity have led to antigen-specific approaches being considered for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The core goal of each antigen-specific treatment approach is to remove the immune response that promotes autoimmunity whilst sparing protective responses. Approaches to antigen-specific therapy range from targeted deletion of autoreactive lymphocytes to tolerization of autoreactive T cells and active inhibition of autoimmune responses. Technologies such as vaccines, nanoparticles, cell-based therapies and gene editing are being harnessed to achieve these goals. Remaining challenges include the selection of the best antigen to target, modality and timing of administration of these therapies and the disease in which the therapies are used; overcoming these challenges will be vital to move antigen-specific therapies forward. Once established, antigen-specific therapy has the potential to be applied broadly in the area of autoimmunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inebilizumab shows promise for IgG4-RD","authors":"Sarah Onuora","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01206-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-024-01206-5","url":null,"abstract":"In a phase III trial, the CD19-targeting antibody inebilizumab was effective for the treatment of IgG4-related disease over 52 weeks.","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Appraising the evolving landscape of protease inhibition in osteoarthritis","authors":"Muhammad Farooq Rai","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01198-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-024-01198-2","url":null,"abstract":"The role of proteases in cartilage degradation and the development of osteoarthritis is undeniable. Despite over two decades of research on protease inhibitors, however, the transition from preclinical promise to clinical success remains elusive, underscoring the urgent need to critically appraise the challenges and limitations inherent in preclinical studies.","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia T. Schnell, Raquel Laza Briviesca, Taehyeung Kim, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Lauren A. Henderson, Femke van Wijk, Peter A. Nigrovic
{"title":"The ‘Treg paradox’ in inflammatory arthritis","authors":"Julia T. Schnell, Raquel Laza Briviesca, Taehyeung Kim, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Lauren A. Henderson, Femke van Wijk, Peter A. Nigrovic","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01190-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41584-024-01190-w","url":null,"abstract":"Classic regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing CD4 and the hallmark transcription factor FOXP3 are integral to the prevention of multi-system autoimmunity. However, immune-mediated arthritis is often associated with increased numbers of Treg cells in the inflamed joints. To understand these seemingly conflicting observations, which we collectively describe as ‘the Treg paradox’, we provide an overview of Treg cell biology with a focus on Treg cell heterogeneity, function and dysfunction in arthritis. We discuss how the inflamed environment constrains the immunosuppressive activity of Treg cells while also promoting the differentiation of TH17-like Treg cell, exTreg cell (effector T cells that were formerly Treg cells), and osteoclastogenic Treg cell subsets that mediate tissue injury. We present a new framework to understand Treg cells in joint inflammation and define potential strategies for Treg cell-directed interventions in human inflammatory arthritis. In this Review, Nigrovic and colleagues examine potential mechanisms underlying the paradoxical continuation of inflammation in arthritis, despite the increased numbers of regulatory T cells in inflamed joints, and discuss the implications for regulatory T cell-targeted therapeutic interventions in inflammatory arthritis.","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"21 1","pages":"9-21"},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A lung–joint axis in smokers with RA?","authors":"Maria Papatriantafyllou","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01200-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41584-024-01200-x","url":null,"abstract":"Shared T cell clones identified in the lungs and joints of smokers with early RA.","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"21 1","pages":"2-2"},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impaired adipocyte-mediated regulation of fibroblasts in inflammatory arthritis","authors":"Holly Webster","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01202-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41584-024-01202-9","url":null,"abstract":"A study reports that adipocytes can regulate the metabolism of fibroblasts in the healthy synovium via cortisol, but in inflammatory arthritis adiposity is lost and fibroblasts become pathogenic.","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"21 1","pages":"2-2"},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wnt-induced IGF1 drives OA","authors":"Sarah Onuora","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01199-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41584-024-01199-1","url":null,"abstract":"New research suggests that insulin-like growth factor 1 is an important contributor to Wnt-induced joint damage, and that its suppression could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis.","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A subset of ITGA5+ synovial fibroblasts alter the inflammatory niche in RA","authors":"Holly Webster","doi":"10.1038/s41584-024-01197-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41584-024-01197-3","url":null,"abstract":"The release of TGFβ by a subset of ITGA5+ synovial fibroblasts can promote the differentiation of pathogenic PD-1hiCXCL13+ T cells in RA, altering the inflammatory niche.","PeriodicalId":18810,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}