{"title":"Taking theory of mind research into much needed new terrain - a commentary on Kochanska et al. (2025).","authors":"Ross A Thompson","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contemporary research on developing theory of mind emphasizes its cognitive and neurobiological foundations, but studies of its relational origins have potential for opening new terrain in this expansive literature. The study by Kochanska and colleagues shows this in several ways. First, it offers a model for constructing theoretically guided causal models built on longitudinal research enlisting multiple predictors of developing theory of mind that can be examined in concert. Second, the findings invite deeper consideration of the processes by which theory of mind emerges by unpacking the relational predictors highlighted in this and other studies. In particular, examining the characteristics of early conversation focused on the child's experiences and mental states and studying the coordination of subjective states in parent-child interaction are each warranted avenues. Third, enlisting fathers and mothers into this inquiry broadens the range of relational partners contributing to young children's developing understanding of the mind.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bettina Moltrecht, João Villanova do Amaral, Giovanni Abrahão Salum, Euripedes Constantino Miguel, Luis Augusto Rohde, George B. Ploubidis, Eoin McElroy, Mauricio Scopel Hoffmann
{"title":"Social connection and its prospective association with adolescent internalising and externalising symptoms: an exploratory cross‐country study using retrospective harmonisation","authors":"Bettina Moltrecht, João Villanova do Amaral, Giovanni Abrahão Salum, Euripedes Constantino Miguel, Luis Augusto Rohde, George B. Ploubidis, Eoin McElroy, Mauricio Scopel Hoffmann","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14080","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundSocial connection factors play a key role for young people's mental health. It is important to understand how their influence may vary across contexts. We investigated structural (e.g. household size), functional (e.g. social support) and quality (e.g. feeling close) social connection factors in relation to adolescent internalising and externalising symptoms, comparing two countries Brazil and the United Kingdom (UK).MethodsWe pooled data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) and the Brazilian High Risk Cohort Study (BHRCS). We included 12 social connection variables, identified through retrospective harmonisation and lived experience expert involvement. We tested measurement invariance and conducted multiple regressions to analyse associations between the social connection factors (age 14) and later internalising and externalising difficulties (age 17.5) in both cohorts. We investigated country‐level interactions and used weights to account for attrition, survey design, population representativeness and sample size.ResultsWe found pooled main associations with later internalising symptoms for ‘living with half‐siblings’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001), ‘moving address’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .001), ‘mother marital status’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001–.003), ‘bullying’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .001), ‘being bullied’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001) and ‘difficulties keeping friends’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001). For externalising, we found main associations with ‘household size’ (<jats:italic>p =</jats:italic> .041), ‘moving address’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .041), ‘mother's marital status’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .001–.013), ‘bullying others’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001) and ‘being bullied’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001). Country‐level interactions suggested higher internalising symptoms were associated with ‘household size’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .001) in Brazil and ‘being bullied’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001) in MCS. Additionally, ‘half‐siblings in household’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .003), ‘poor mother–child relationship’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .018), ‘single mother’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .035), ‘bullying’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001) and ‘being bullied’ (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001) were more strongly linked to externalising difficulties in MCS.ConclusionsSocial connection factors, mostly structural, contributed to adolescent internalising and externalising difficulties in both countries. Factors relating to bullying and family composition seem to play a stronger role in each country. Cultural and socioeconomic factors might explain these differences. Future research should investigate cross‐regional differences to meaningfully inform global mental health efforts.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margreet E. de Looze, Alina Cosma, Frank J. Elgar, Karen Schrijvers, Jo Inchley, Sophie D. Walsh, Gonneke W. J. M. Stevens
{"title":"Exploring mechanisms behind the increasing gender gap in adolescent psychological symptoms, 2002–2022: the role of national‐level gender equality","authors":"Margreet E. de Looze, Alina Cosma, Frank J. Elgar, Karen Schrijvers, Jo Inchley, Sophie D. Walsh, Gonneke W. J. M. Stevens","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14081","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundInternalising problems have increased considerably among adolescents in the last decades, particularly among girls, resulting in widening gender gaps. This study examined whether the gender gap in psychological symptoms increased more in more gender‐equal countries in the period 2002–2022, and if so, to what extent this could be explained by changes over time in the experience of stressors (i.e. schoolwork pressure, body dissatisfaction, low classmate support) among boys and girls in these countries.MethodsNational data on gender inequality (UNDP Gender Inequality Index) were combined with aggregated individual‐level data from the Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children (HBSC) study (2002–2022) across 43 countries (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 1,268,220). Absolute and relative gender gaps in psychological symptoms were regressed on survey cycle, GII and their interaction. Next, interactions of survey cycle and either schoolwork pressure, body dissatisfaction or classmate support were added to the model.ResultsIncreases in the absolute and relative gender gap in psychological symptoms between 2002 and 2022 were stronger in more gender‐equal countries, mainly due to larger increases in psychological symptoms among girls in these countries. Also, less favourable time trends for schoolwork pressure and classmate support were found in more gender‐equal countries for boys and especially girls. The larger increase in schoolwork pressure among girls in more gender‐equal countries partly explained the increased absolute gender gap in psychological symptoms in these countries.ConclusionsWhile national‐level gender equality was positively associated with boys' and girls' mental health in the early 2000s, this association has become negative for girls in more recent years. The benefits of gender equality for girls' mental health may have become overshadowed by the increased experience of stressors, especially schoolwork pressure. Far from advocating that gender equality is a negative situation, these findings suggest that much work remains to achieve full gender equality, where men and women really share the burdens and stressors in everyday life.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contribution of childhood lead exposure to psychopathology in the US population over the past 75 years.","authors":"Michael J McFarland, Aaron Reuben, Matt Hauer","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>More than half of the current US population was exposed to adverse lead levels in childhood as a result of lead's past use in gasoline. The total contribution of childhood lead exposures to US-population mental health and personality has yet to be evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We combined serial, cross-sectional blood-lead level (BLL) data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) with historic leaded-gasoline data to estimate US childhood BLLs from 1940 to 2015 and calculate population mental-health symptom elevations from known lead-psychopathology associations. We utilized five outcomes: (1) General Psychopathology \"points\", reflecting an individual's liability to overall mental disorder, scaled to match IQ scores (M = 100, SD = 15); (2) Symptoms of Internalizing disorders (anxiety and depression) and Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD), both z-scored (M = 0, SD = 1); and (3) Differences in the personality traits of Neuroticism and Conscientiousness (M = 0, SD = 1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Assuming that published lead-psychopathology associations are causal and not purely correlational: We estimate that by 2015, the US population had gained 602-million General Psychopathology factor points because of exposure arising from leaded gasoline, reflecting a 0.13-standard-deviation increase in overall liability to mental illness in the population and an estimated 151 million excess mental disorders attributable to lead exposure. Investigation of specific disorder-domain symptoms identified a 0.64-standard-deviation increase in population-level Internalizing symptoms and a 0.42-standard-deviation increase in AD/HD symptoms. Population-level Neuroticism increased by 0.14 standard deviations and Conscientiousness decreased by 0.20 standard deviations. Lead-associated mental health and personality differences were most pronounced for cohorts born from 1966 through 1986 (Generation X).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant burden of mental illness symptomatology and disadvantageous personality differences can be attributed to US children's exposure to lead over the past 75 years. Lead's potential contribution to psychiatry, medicine, and children's health may be larger than previously assumed.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michelle Sader, Holly A. Harris, Gordon D. Waiter, Pauline W. Jansen, Justin H.G. Williams, Tonya White
{"title":"Neural correlates of children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder symptoms: large‐scale neuroanatomical analysis of a paediatric population","authors":"Michelle Sader, Holly A. Harris, Gordon D. Waiter, Pauline W. Jansen, Justin H.G. Williams, Tonya White","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14086","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundAvoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a recently recognised feeding and eating disorder and is characterised by a lack of interest and motivation to eat. Despite burgeoning research, few studies to date have explored the underlying neurobiology of ARFID. Research examining the neural underpinnings of ARFID can greatly assist in understanding different mechanisms that play disorder‐specific roles.MethodsWe studied a total of 1,977 10‐year‐old participants from the Generation R Study, a population‐based Dutch cohort, to cross‐sectionally examine neuroanatomical differences between those with versus without ARFID‐like symptoms. Children were classified with versus without ARFID symptoms using the ARFID Index, a validated evaluative tool comprised of parent‐reported and researcher‐assessed measurements of picky eating, energy intake, diet quality, growth and psychosocial impact to characterise ARFID symptoms in the paediatric population. Global and regional values of surface area, cortical thickness, and volume from T<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>‐weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in those with ARFID symptoms were compared with children not exhibiting symptoms.ResultsWe identified 121 (6.1%) individuals with ARFID symptoms relative to 1,865 (93.9%) individuals without ARFID symptoms. Neuroanatomical findings identified significantly greater frontal (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .00743; <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> = 0.21) and superior frontal (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 6.56E‐04; <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> = 0.28) cortical thickness among children with ARFID symptoms.ConclusionsThis first large‐scale study of the neural correlates of ARFID identified greater thickness of frontal cortical regions in children with ARFID symptoms, suggesting a role for executive function in the aetiology of the condition.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Divyangana Rakesh, Paris Anne Lee, Amruta Gaikwad, Katie A. McLaughlin
{"title":"Associations of socioeconomic status with cognitive function, language ability, and academic achievement in youth: a systematic review of mechanisms and protective factors","authors":"Divyangana Rakesh, Paris Anne Lee, Amruta Gaikwad, Katie A. McLaughlin","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14082","url":null,"abstract":"Low socioeconomic status (SES) is negatively associated with children's cognitive and academic performance, leading to long‐term educational and economic disparities. In particular, SES is a powerful predictor of executive function (EF), language ability, and academic achievement. Despite extensive research documenting SES‐related differences in these domains, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these associations and factors that may mitigate these relationships is limited. This systematic review aimed to identify the mediators and moderators in the association of SES with EF, language ability, and academic achievement. Our synthesis revealed stress, support, stimulation, and broader contextual factors at the school‐ and neighborhood level to be important mediators and protective factors in these associations. In particular, cognitive stimulation mediated the association of SES with EF, language ability, and academic achievement. Educational expectations, classroom and school environment, and teacher–student relationships also played a key role in the association of SES with academic achievement. In addition, factors such as preschool attendance, home learning activities, and parental support buffered the association between low SES and lower cognitive and language outcomes. We discuss these findings in the context of interventions that may help to reduce SES‐related cognitive and educational disparities.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oral language intervention in the late primary school years is effective: evidence from a randomised control trial","authors":"Rosanne Esposito, Arne Lervag, Charles Hulme","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14084","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundOral language skills provide the foundation for formal education, and children may require language support over an extended period of time to maximise their education potential. Most work on language intervention, however, has focussed on the preschool or early school years. Here, we describe the development and evaluation of the Oral Language for Literacy Intervention (OLLI) programme which is designed to support children with weak language skills in the later primary school years.MethodsWe conducted a randomised control trial in 33 schools (50 classrooms). The language skills of all 8–9 year‐old children in each participating classroom (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 1,423) were assessed using an automated app (LanguageScreen). The six children with the weakest LanguageScreen scores within each classroom (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 296) were randomly allocated to the intervention (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 148) or control group (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 148). The children in the intervention group received the OLLI programme delivered in individual and small group sessions over 20 weeks. Children in the control group received their typical teaching.ResultsChildren receiving the OLLI programme made significantly larger gains than children in the control group on a preregistered latent variable reflecting standardised measures of oral language ability (<jats:italic>d</jats:italic> = 0.38) and on a measure of their written expression (<jats:italic>d</jats:italic> = 0.42).ConclusionsThese findings have important implications for improving educational attainment in children in the late primary school years. The OLLI programme is designed to be deliverable at scale and is of relatively low cost.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malte M. Tetens, Emma E. Graham, Nanna S. Andersen, Jette Bangsborg, Jacob Bodilsen, Ram B. Dessau, Svend Ellermann‐Eriksen, Charlotte Sværke Jørgensen, Jens Kjølseth Møller, Alex Christian Yde Nielsen, Michael Pedersen, Kirstine K. Søgaard, Dorrit Obel, Ulrikka Nygaard, Niels Obel, Anne‐Mette Lebech, Lars Haukali Omland
{"title":"No associations between neuroborreliosis in children and psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders: a nationwide, population‐based, matched cohort study","authors":"Malte M. Tetens, Emma E. Graham, Nanna S. Andersen, Jette Bangsborg, Jacob Bodilsen, Ram B. Dessau, Svend Ellermann‐Eriksen, Charlotte Sværke Jørgensen, Jens Kjølseth Møller, Alex Christian Yde Nielsen, Michael Pedersen, Kirstine K. Søgaard, Dorrit Obel, Ulrikka Nygaard, Niels Obel, Anne‐Mette Lebech, Lars Haukali Omland","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14079","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundIt has been suggested that neuroborreliosis in children can manifest as psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders or cause long‐term neurodevelopmental sequelae. However, previous studies were limited by size and design.MethodsWe performed a nationwide, population‐based, matched cohort study in Denmark between 1995 and 2021. We included all Danish residents <16 years old with a positive <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi</jats:italic> sensu lato intrathecal antibody index test (children with neuroborreliosis). To form a comparison cohort, we randomly extracted individuals from the general population matched on date of birth and sex 10:1 to children with neuroborreliosis. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs of contact to departments of psychiatry, diagnosis of attention deficit disorder, diagnosis of learning or intellectual developmental disorders, or receipt of psychostimulants for attention deficit disorder among children with neuroborreliosis compared with comparison cohort members. We did a sensitivity analysis in the form of a case‐control study, where we examined whether these outcomes were more frequent among children with neuroborreliosis than in the comparison cohort before study inclusion to account for differential delay in diagnosis.ResultsWe included 1,132 children with neuroborreliosis and 11,320 comparison cohort members with an observation time of 168,858 person‐years. We found no associations between neuroborreliosis and contact with departments of psychiatry (HR: 1.0, 95% CI 0.9–1.2), diagnosis of attention deficit disorder (HR: 0.9, 95% CI 0.6–1.3), diagnosis of learning or intellectual developmental disorders (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.5–1.4), or receipt of psychostimulants for attention deficit disorder (HR: 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–1.1). Also, in the sensitivity analyses, these outcomes were not more present among children with neuroborreliosis than in the comparison cohort before study inclusion.ConclusionsOur results do not support that neuroborreliosis in children manifests as psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders or causes long‐term neurodevelopmental sequelae.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lin Shen, Jessica Nicolazzo, Tracey L. Sletten, Clare Anderson, Yang Yap, Joshua F. Wiley, Bei Bei
{"title":"Daily fluctuations in adolescents' sleep predict next‐day attention, sleepiness, and fatigue: an ecological momentary assessment study over 28 days","authors":"Lin Shen, Jessica Nicolazzo, Tracey L. Sletten, Clare Anderson, Yang Yap, Joshua F. Wiley, Bei Bei","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14076","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCurrent understanding of the associations between adolescents' daily sleep and daytime alertness and fatigue under naturalistically occurring restricted (school) and unrestricted (vacation) sleep opportunities is limited.MethodsA convenience sample of adolescents (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 205; 54.1% females, <jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub>age</jats:sub> ± <jats:italic>SD</jats:italic> = 16.9 ± 0.87 years) completed daily measures of sleep, alertness, and fatigue over 28 days (2 weeks during school, and the subsequent 2‐week vacation). Actigraphy and sleep diary total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE) were measured. Participants self‐reported sleepiness and fatigue every morning and afternoon, and completed a tablet‐based, 3.2‐min psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) every afternoon. Cross‐lagged multilevel models tested daily TST and SE as predictors of next‐day subjective sleepiness/fatigue and PVT performance. Between‐ (i.e., differences between individuals) and within‐person associations (i.e., whether nights with higher‐than‐individual's‐average TST/SE, predict next‐day outcomes) were tested simultaneously. Covariates included previous‐day outcome, day of the week, study day (1–28), school/vacation, chronotype, and sociodemographic variables.ResultsWithin‐persons, higher‐than‐average TST and SE (both actigraphy and diary) predicted better next‐day PVT performance (all <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ .006), and lower subjective sleepiness and fatigue the following morning and afternoon (all <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ .032). Between‐persons, adolescents with higher overall diary SE had lower morning subjective sleepiness (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001) and fewer PVT false starts in the afternoon (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.02).ConclusionsNights with longer‐ and higher‐than‐average sleep efficiency (both actigraphy and diary) predicted better daytime alertness and fatigue, both when examined objectively via sustained attention and via self‐report. These findings are relevant for understanding the significance of sleep for adolescents' day‐to‐day alertness levels and fatigue, particularly in the context of classroom learning and road safety.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial Perspective: A systems approach to addressing young people's mental health","authors":"Tim Hobbs, Vashti Berry, Peter Fonagy","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.14077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14077","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial explores how adopting a social determinants and systemic perspective can enhance preventative measures to boost the mental health of young people. It argues that to effectively elevate the mental health of young people, it is essential to tackle both the overarching influences and their specific local impacts. We maintain that a strategy combining systems thinking with evidence tailored to the local environment and participatory design is essential.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142713013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}