Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Well-being decline during adolescence: school transition as a predominant driver beyond age progression.","authors":"Mi Zhou,Carol Maher,Sally Brinkman,Juliette Cools,Dorothea Dumuid","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70154","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe transition from primary-to-secondary school significantly impacts students' well-being. However, existing research provides limited insight into the long-term impact of school transition on well-being, and no studies have disentangled age-related changes from transition-specific effects. This study leverages a natural experiment, where an educational reform resulted in two different age cohorts transitioning simultaneously, to disentangle age effects from transition effects on student well-being.METHODSThis study analyzed longitudinal data from the Well-being and Engagement Collection census (2019-2025) in South Australia. Participants were two cohorts of students who simultaneously started secondary school in 2022: one transitioning at Year 7 and the other at Year 8. Well-being was measured across eight domains. Linear mixed-effects regression models examined transition effects and tested interactions with sociodemographic factors.RESULTSA total of 20,910 participants (Male: 52.1%, Age in 2019: 9.7 ± 0.6) contributing 104,800 observations (5.0 responses/participant) across the 7 years were included. In the first 2 years post-transition, well-being experienced adverse changes across all domains (marginal effects for positively-worded measures: -0.44 to -0.18; negatively-worded measures: 0.08 to 0.13). The largest declines were observed in cognitive engagement (-0.44) and perseverance (-0.31). Younger and older cohorts experienced similar adverse changes; however, the younger cohort showed a larger well-being decline in the second-year post-transition. Females experienced more pronounced declines than males. The well-being decline among students residing in remote and very remote areas persisted until the third year after the transition.CONCLUSIONSSchool transitions negatively affect students' well-being, with impacts that persist for more than 2 years. This decline was largely attributable to the school transition rather than age-related progression. Females and students residing in remote areas experienced greater declines in well-being than their counterparts. These findings highlight the need for transition-specific support strategies for vulnerable groups that extend beyond the first year of secondary schooling.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147731270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attenuated selective attention during visual perspective taking in autism: A combined behavior, ERP, and pupillometry study.","authors":"Leonie Polzer,Nico Bast,Sara Boxhoorn,Andreas Mühlherr,Hannah Mössinger,Magdalena Schütz,Christine M Freitag,Christina Luckhardt","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70156","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAltered social cognition in autism may be influenced by difficulties in domain-general functions, such as selective attention. Here, we manipulated the requirement for selective attention during a visual perspective taking (VPT) task and used neurophysiological indices to delineate underlying mechanisms.METHODS43 autistic and 38 neurotypical children and youth completed a VPT paradigm. Participants' and an avatar's perspectives were either congruent or incongruent, manipulating the demand for selective attention to inhibit irrelevant information processing. Group differences in dependence on the attended perspective and congruency were examined for behavioral performance, event-related potentials (ERPs), and in a subsample, stimulus-evoked pupil response (SEPR).RESULTSAutistic participants showed reduced accuracy when rating an avatar's perspective and pronounced perspective-related differences in a late-frontal slow wave (LFSW). Incongruency elicited stronger effects on behavioral performance and LFSW in autistic relative to neurotypical participants. Additionally, generally larger and more sustained SEPR was observed for autistic participants, reflecting an alteration that was dissociable from LFSW differences. Across groups, SEPR and ERP measures explained both distinct and partially overlapping variance in response slowing.CONCLUSIONSFindings support attenuated VPT abilities and difficulties to deploy selective attention in autistic youth. Altered fronto-cortical activation patterns in the LFSW likely reflect an increased top-down involvement in VPT. Concurrently, pupil responses indicate an increased cognitive effort when reporting visual perspectives. Findings emphasize a co-characterization of social cognition difficulties by social and domain-general functions in autism.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147694981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Review: Omega-3 supplementation to reduce antisocial behavior - a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Adrian Raine,Helena Q Saven","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70153","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDOmega-3, a long-chain fatty acid critical for brain structure and function, has been argued to be effective in reducing antisocial behavior, but findings are variable. This meta-analysis examines 25 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 2,889 participants.METHODSThis study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021256959). Two separate analyses were conducted where the unit of analysis was independent studies and independent laboratories.RESULTSSignificant effect sizes (p < .001) were observed for both analyses (g = .13, .14 respectively) and in the direction of omega-3 supplementation reducing antisocial behavior. There was equivocal evidence of publication bias. Study quality was good. Stratified analyses were nonsignificant for age, gender, dose, sample size, and study quality, although the effect size was larger for unmedicated participants. Combining these data with a recent meta-analysis on aggressive behavior produced an overall effect size of g = .22 for externalizing behavior based on 36 nonoverlapping RCTs.CONCLUSIONSGiven that omega-3 supplementation is relatively cheap, easy to implement, transfers well from the research environment to community settings, and has additional health benefits, it is suggested that it may be considered as an adjunctive intervention for the treatment of antisocial and externalizing behavior.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"36 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147680515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive function challenges persist into young adulthood and predict mental health outcomes in autism","authors":"Lauren Kenworthy, Lauren Baczewski, Alan H. Gerber, Cara E. Pugliese, A. Chelsea Armour, Kelsey D. Csumitta, Gabrielle E. Reimann, Caroline Candy, Gregory L. Wallace, Matthew S. Fritz","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70149","url":null,"abstract":"Background Executive functioning (EF) challenges are common among autistic youth and persist throughout childhood and adolescence; they have been linked to important outcomes, including poorer mental health, adaptive skills, and overall quality of life. Despite the significance of EF in autism, few studies have examined the trajectory of EF challenges longitudinally, and those that have are constrained by small sample sizes, limited age ranges, and a focus on global EF at the expense of specific EF subdomains. Methods This study examines the trajectory of parent‐reported EF flexibility, working memory, and inhibition challenges in autistic youth from early childhood to young adulthood and their relationship to parent‐reported aggression, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Leveraging a longitudinal sample of 313 participants (age range = 2–25, 79 females, mean age at first visit = 9.5 ± 4.6 years, age range at first visit 2.6–23.1 years; mean FSIQ = 103.3, FSIQ range 52–159; mean number of visits per participant = 2.3, range 2–9) across 941 observations, multilevel growth curve modeling was used to examine the trajectory of EF challenges and their relationship to mental health across time. Results We found that EF challenges persist in autistic people from 2 to 25 years old, regardless of cognitive ability and parent education level. Although symptoms of aggression decline with age, depression symptoms increase with age in this sample of autistic people. Notably, autistic females are at unique risk for increasing anxiety in adolescence. Flexibility challenges in particular predict mental health outcomes across anxiety, depression, and aggression symptoms. Conclusions These data demonstrate the enduring nature of EF challenges among autistic people during childhood and into young adulthood, as well as their influence on mental health. EF and flexibility, in particular, are potent and persistent yet malleable predictors of key outcomes, making them important targets for intervention.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147648954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental incarceration and psychiatric disorders, suicidal behavior, risk-taking, and substance misuse events in offspring: A longitudinal within-individual study.","authors":"Aurora Järvinen,Ralf Kuja-Halkola,Isabell Brikell,Zheng Chang,Brian M D'Onofrio,Seena Fazel,Henrik Larsson,Paul Lichtenstein,Antti Latvala","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70152","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDParental incarceration (PI) is associated with mental and behavioral problems in offspring, but causality remains unclear. We conducted a quasi-experimental within-individual study on the associations of PI with offspring psychiatric disorders, suicidal behavior, risk-taking, and substance misuse events, aiming to test the effect of PI on offspring.METHODSThe study included 43,011 and 5,912 individuals born in Sweden 1973-2010 and exposed to paternal or maternal incarceration, respectively, between ages 10 and 30. Using data from nationwide registers available until the end of 2020, we examined associations between PI and offspring time-varying events in a longitudinal within-individual design to control for time-invariant confounding. We further studied potential moderation effects in within-individual models by offspring sex, family living arrangements, age, and other factors. For comparison, we conducted corresponding between-individual analyses.RESULTSOverall, no clear within-individual associations between paternal or maternal incarceration and offspring events were observed (HRs 0.99-1.08 and 0.82-1.03, respectively), but in a sensitivity analysis, the first recorded exposure to PI was associated with a slightly increased risk of some events (HRs 1.08-1.10). Regarding moderation effects, preliminary evidence suggested that child-father coresiding, paternal offending type, and exposure age slightly moderated the within-individual associations for certain outcomes. Statistically significant associations were found in all between-individual models.CONCLUSIONSThe elevated rates of mental and behavioral problems among offspring exposed to PI are unlikely to be due to a direct impact of PI, but an impact may exist under certain circumstances. These findings can help in targeting support to this vulnerable group.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"307 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147641701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convergent genetic pathways linking neuropsychiatric and ocular disorders in children.","authors":"Meng Pan,Wentao Zhou,Hui-Qi Qu,Zhanjie Xiu,Rui Sun,Hakon Hakonarson,Jin Li,Xuefeng Shi","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70151","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDClinical and epidemiological studies conducted in children have suggested a potential link between neuropsychiatric and ocular disorders. However, the existence and directionality of this relationship remain inconsistent, likely due to the complex interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors that may influence both conditions.METHODSWe investigated the overall and local genetic correlations and causal relationship between eight neuropsychiatric disorders and five ocular disorders based on large-scale genome-wide association study cohorts from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and UK Biobank. An in-house independent cohort (2,726 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cases and 16,299 controls) was also assessed to confirm the disease relationships. We further performed joint analyses to pinpoint the shared genetic loci. Finally, we explored their underlying biological pathways by SNP- and Gene-based enrichment analyses.RESULTSWe discovered significant positive genetic correlations between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and myopia/astigmatism; inverse genetic correlation and potential causal relationship between ADHD and myopia/astigmatism. The aggregated protective effect of ADHD on myopia and astigmatism was demonstrated using Mendelian randomization, and was validated in the independent in-house cohort. In total, 124 loci were found to be shared between psychiatric diseases and refractive errors. Enrichment analyses highlighted early neurodevelopmental processes as key shared genetic mechanisms that may play a critical role in the development of childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders and refractive errors.CONCLUSIONSOur findings indicate a shared genetic architecture underlying the development of childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders and refractive errors. These results help clarify the clinically observed associations between ADHD, ASD, and refractive errors and provide evidence that shared early neurodevelopmental processes contribute to both conditions. Together, the findings offer a novel perspective on the neurogenetic basis of refractive error and its connection to early brain development.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147630453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesizing five decades of research on sensitive caregiving: A commentary on Nivison et al. (2026)","authors":"K. Lee Raby","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This commentary highlights the contributions of Nivison et al.'s (2026) umbrella meta-analysis synthesizing five decades of research on sensitive caregiving and child development. Integrating findings from numerous meta-analyses, the authors demonstrate that caregiver sensitivity is meaningfully associated with multiple domains of child development. Notably, associations with cognitive and language development are at least as large as those with attachment security and behavior problems, expanding traditional conceptualizations of sensitivity's developmental significance. The findings further indicate substantial consistency across child, parent, and family demographic characteristics, while suggesting amplified benefits in socioeconomically disadvantaged contexts. This commentary underscores key gaps in the literature, including the need for meta-analytic investigations of children's peer competence, self-regulation, and physical health outcomes, as well as the need for refined measurement of caregiving dimensions. Although causal inferences require randomized intervention evidence, the synthesis provides compelling support for sensitive caregiving as a central determinant of healthy development and offers a roadmap for future research and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 4","pages":"599-601"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147471743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual Research Review: Developmental language disorder – a hidden condition with lifelong impact","authors":"Jana M. Iverson,&nbsp;Diane L. Williams","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70067","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Developmental language disorder (DLD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. Yet, it is a hidden disorder: it can go undetected for years and may not be uncovered until academic, behavioral, and/or mental health challenges begin to surface. In this review, we survey what is currently known about DLD across the lifespan, with a particular focus on its collateral effects in childhood and adulthood. We begin with a brief discussion of terminological issues that have contributed to the confusion about and lack of awareness of DLD. We then describe the development of DLD from infancy through adulthood, the ways in which its presentation shifts over time and with transitions to new developmental tasks and contexts, and some of the significant associated challenges outside of the language domain that are often faced by people with DLD. Next, we review current scientific knowledge about the neurobiological and genetic bases of DLD. In the final section, we provide an overview of some of the current best practices for screening and assessment and approaches to intervention for children, adolescents, and adults. We conclude by reflecting on challenges and opportunities for future research and offering some recommendations for clinical practice, particularly for mental health practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 4","pages":"546-565"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: An impressive state-of-the-science account and an exciting springboard for new paths: the present and future of research on early conduct problems – a commentary on Hyde et al. (2025)","authors":"Grazyna Kochanska","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this commentary on ‘Annual Research Review: Early conduct problems – precursors, outcomes, and etiology’ by Hyde and colleagues, I discuss the strengths of that review and its heuristic value in inspiring future research directions. The review is an impressive, comprehensive, scholarly, and up-to-date broad summary of the current state of developmental science related to conduct problems. By embracing biopsychosocial/ecological perspective and reviewing constructs and processes across multiple levels, it has a cutting-edge quality and scope. But perhaps even more importantly, it is heuristically fertile: It inspires new compelling questions and can potentially forge new bridges with other perspectives and areas of research. I discuss two such new directions that can complement – without contradicting – the authors' ideas. One, I argue for expanding the focus to relational experiences and parents' and children's emerging representations in the first years of life to elucidate very early origins of maladaptive cascades leading to conduct problems. And two, I suggest complementing the current emphasis on adverse developmental factors – a natural focus in the study of conduct problems – with research on positive socialization forces that can act as powerful buffers against risks for antisocial behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 4","pages":"588-591"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing visibility of the neurobiology of eating disorders in youth – a commentary on Hagan et al. (2025)","authors":"Carolina Makowski","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70136","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eating disorders (EDs) are among the most severe psychiatric conditions emerging in adolescence, yet they remain markedly underrepresented within neuroscience and developmental psychopathology research. Building on the review by Hagan et al., this commentary proposes four key expansions to advance neurobiological research in youth with EDs: adoption of transdiagnostic approaches, inclusion of broader developmental and longitudinal time frames, implementation of more rigorous and replicable methodological frameworks, and deeper interdisciplinary integration. Together, these directions aim to more fully capture neurobiological mechanisms underlying ED onset, maintenance, and recovery across development, with the goal of anchoring this research more firmly within child and adolescent psychiatry. Taken together, the work by Hagan et al. serves as both a synthesis of the field and a call to action toward a more integrated and developmentally informed understanding of eating disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 4","pages":"595-598"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12980143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146211715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}