Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Trajectories of childhood adversity, social welfare dependence in young adulthood, and the mediating role of mental health problems: a Danish population-based cohort study.","authors":"Tjeerd Rudmer de Vries,Signe Kær Bennetsen,Leonie K Elsenburg,Signe Hald Andersen,Bertina Kreshpaj,Karsten Thielen,Naja Hulvej Rod","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70062","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDChildhood adversity is associated with increased risks of long-term social welfare dependence in young adulthood. Mental health problems may mediate this relation, but evidence remains lacking.METHODS613,643 individuals from the Danish Life Course cohort (DANLIFE) were categorized into five trajectory groups based on their annual exposure to adversity: low adversity, early-life material deprivation, persistent material deprivation, loss or threat of loss, or high adversity. Mental health problems were identified through hospital contacts and psychotropic medication use. Long-term social welfare dependence was defined as receiving social benefits for at least 52 consecutive weeks within the follow-up period. We examined the contribution of differential exposure and susceptibility to mental health problems in relation to childhood adversity and long-term social welfare dependence through causal mediation analysis.RESULTSThe different childhood adversity groups saw 54-319 additional cases of long-term social welfare dependence per 1,000 individuals compared with the low adversity group. These associations were partly mediated through mental health problems. To illustrate, in the high adversity group, differential exposure to mental health problems accounted for 15.0% (95% CI: 14.4-15.6) of the total effect, while differential susceptibility accounted for an additional 9.8% (95% CI: 8.8-10.9).CONCLUSIONSMental health problems partly mediate the relation between childhood adversity and long-term social welfare dependence in young adulthood through both elevated exposure and increased susceptibility. Addressing mental health problems and increasing resilience among individuals with a history of childhood adversity may mitigate the risk of subsequent social welfare dependence.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Perspective: Smoking, vaping and mental health - a perspective on potential causal mechanisms.","authors":"Jorien L Treur,Jentien M Vermeulen,Margot P van de Weijer","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70059","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial perspective focuses on the complex relationship of cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use ('vaping') with mental health problems. It is challenging to reliably determine the causal nature of these associations because both (e-)smoking and mental health problems generally arise during adolescence, and both are highly multifactorial in their aetiology. While there is now scientific consensus that cigarette smoking is a causal risk factor for mental health problems, there is still a scarcity of causal research and conclusions with respect to e-cigarette use. In order to more reliably determine whether and how (e-)smoking affects mental health, it is important to better understand the potential causal pathways. Here, we discuss the main biological mechanisms that might explain causal effects of smoking and e-cigarettes on mental health, including (neuro-)inflammation, oxidative stress and nicotine binding. We showcase informative studies that have been conducted using sophisticated causally informative study designs and identify in which areas robust causal knowledge is especially lacking. In future work, evidence 'triangulation', where different types of research methods are integrated to look for converging results, seems to be the most promising approach to obtain reliable causal evidence.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145194478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief digital psychological intervention to prevent relapse of non-suicidal self-injury behavior in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Chang Zhang,Diyang Qu,Dennis Chong,Chang Lei,Yidong Shen,Xilong Cui,Yuqiong He,Yamin Li,Jianjun Ou,Runsen Chen","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70054","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) poses a significant mental health challenge among adolescents, necessitating accessible and effective interventions. While the development of technology offers new opportunities, higher costs remain a concern. In this context, digital psychological interventions such as text message intervention (SMS) present a convenient and low-cost delivery method that requires no face-to-face contact. However, the extent to which this method could function as a viable strategy remains underexplored.OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of an SMS intervention specifically developed for NSSI among adolescents when combined with treatment as usual (TAU), compared to TAU alone.METHODSA randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted with 86 Chinese adolescents, randomly assigned to either the SMS intervention plus TAU or TAU alone. The SMS intervention, consisting of text messages addressing NSSI-related knowledge, distress tolerance skills, and emotion regulation strategies, was administered over 8 weeks. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks.RESULTSParticipants in the intervention group showed a significant reduction in NSSI behavior at 4 weeks (RR = 0.43, p < .001), though this effect was not significant at 8 weeks (RR = 0.84, p = .265). No significant changes in NSSI ideation were observed at 4 weeks (RR = 0.87, p = .221) or 8 weeks (RR = 1.10, p = .437). Resistance to NSSI urges increased significantly at 8 weeks in the intervention group (RR = 1.93, p = .002), but not at 4 weeks (RR = 1.44, p = .063). Secondary outcomes showed no significant changes.CONCLUSIONSThe low cost, scalability, and accessibility of SMS interventions make them a potentially valuable complementary tool for supporting self-harm populations. However, further research is necessary to confirm their efficacy across diverse settings and to determine how best to integrate them with comprehensive treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescence under fire: a multi-method study of psychological vulnerability and resilience among adolescents impacted by war.","authors":"Liann Haham,Idan M Aderka,Daniel S Pine,Rany Abend,Tomer Shechner","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70052","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDGiven the long-term negative impact of exposure to military conflict, identifying its immediate psychological effects is crucial to develop prevention and intervention approaches, especially in adolescents, a group particularly vulnerable to mental health challenges.METHODSWe examined 198 war-exposed Israeli adolescents (Mage = 16.35 years; 131 females, 65 males), 1-3 months into the Israel-Hamas war (2023), using a multi-method approach combining mental health questionnaires with week-long momentary sampling throughout the day and nightly diary measures. We focused on risk and protective factors affecting mental health.RESULTSMost adolescents reported clinical levels of anxiety (MSCARED-c = 28.54, SD = 15.88) and trauma-related symptoms (MCPTCI = 46.78, SD = 15.61). Female gender, increased tiredness, and avoidant coping strategies constituted risk factors for lower psychological well-being; in-person social interaction and emotional and problem-focused coping strategies represented resilience factors.CONCLUSIONSBy providing comprehensive information on risk and protective factors, this study informs the development of targeted prevention and intervention approaches to support adolescent well-being in times of extreme stress.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"319 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of prenatal antidepressant use with internalizing behaviors from kindergarten to adolescence.","authors":"Amanda S Nitschke,Paramdeep Kaur,Naomi Phagau,Helena Abreu do Valle,Jeffrey N Bone,Brenda Poon,Martin Guhn,Simone N Vigod,Tim F Oberlander,Gillian E Hanley","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70056","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDTo examine, using repeated measures, whether prenatal serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressant exposure is associated with increased anxious behaviors at kindergarten age and anxiety and/or depression behaviors after kindergarten and into adolescence.METHODSThis population-based retrospective cohort study included all live singleton infants delivered in British Columbia, Canada between January 2001 and December 2012 with complete outcome data. Follow-up lasted until December 2022. Logistic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR). To minimize confounding, high-dimensional propensity score adjustment and a matched discordant sibling-pair analysis were conducted.RESULTSPrenatal SRI exposure was associated with increased anxious behaviors in kindergarten (OR 1.77 [95% CI 1.59-1.97]) and anxiety and/or depression diagnostic codes in later childhood or adolescence (OR 2.09 [95% CI 1.97-2.22]). These associations attenuated but remained positive after high-dimensional propensity score adjustment; however, the associations did not remain in the conditional logistic regression of discordant sibling pairs (aORs 0.92 [95% CI 0.61-1.37] and 1.02 [95% CI 0.79-1.33]). Regardless of SRI exposure, children with high levels of anxious behaviors at kindergarten were more likely to receive anxiety and/or depression diagnostic codes later on (SRI exposed: aOR 1.59 [95% CI 1.24-2.06]; SRI unexposed: aOR 1.64 [95% CI 1.51-1.77]).CONCLUSIONSThe associations of prenatal SRI exposure with increased internalizing behaviors at kindergarten and into adolescence are likely due to shared genetics or environmental factors. Findings also suggested kindergarten as a time for targeted interventions to address developmental vulnerabilities and prevent later development of anxiety and/or depression.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent eating behaviours: associations with autistic and ADHD traits in childhood and the mediating role of anxiety.","authors":"Johanna Keller,William Polmear Locke Mandy,Moritz Herle,Virginia Carter Leno","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70051","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAutistic individuals and individuals with ADHD are more likely to experience eating disorders, yet the reasons for this are not well understood. We investigated whether childhood neurodivergent (i.e. autistic and ADHD) traits are associated with patterns of emotional/restrained eating and externally driven eating behaviours in adolescence, whether these associations differed by sex and if they are mediated by anxiety.METHODSWe tested the association between parent-reported childhood (age 7 years) autistic and ADHD (i.e. hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention) traits and self-reported adolescent (age 13) eating behaviours in a large population-representative prospective cohort (N = 7,572; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children). We performed multi-group longitudinal analysis stratified by sex to understand whether sex moderates' associations between neurodevelopmental traits and adolescent eating behaviours. Mediation models tested the extent to which observed associations were driven by mid-childhood (age 10) anxiety symptoms. All analyses were adjusted for child sex, child ethnicity, maternal education levels and maternal age at birth.RESULTSIndividuals who had higher childhood autistic traits were more likely to report emotional/restrained (b = 0.59, 95% CI [0.29, 0.88], p < .001, B = 0.07) and externally driven (b = 0.17, 95% CI [0.05, 0.28], p < .01, B = 0.06) eating behaviours during adolescence. Additionally, individuals with higher childhood inattention traits were more likely to report externally driven eating behaviours (b = 0.10, 95% CI [0.03, 0.19], p = .02, B = 0.05). No sex differences were identified in the associations. Mediation models suggested a significant indirect effect of anxiety for the association between autistic traits and emotional/restrained eating (b = 0.08, bootstrapped 95% CIs [0.02, 0.13]).CONCLUSIONSAutistic and ADHD traits in childhood may share some eating behaviour phenotypes in adolescence (externally driven eating), whereas others are specific to autism (emotional/restrained eating). We present evidence for the role of anxiety in underpinning the association between autistic traits and emotional/restrained eating behaviours, suggesting an important potential intervention target.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping phenotypic and genetic relationships among irritability, depression and ADHD in adolescence using network analysis.","authors":"Amy Shakeshaft,Luis C Farhat,Charlotte A Dennison,Olga Eyre,Olakunle Oginni,Michael C O'Donovan,Argyris Stringaris,Ellen Leibenluft,Guilherme V Polanczyk,Lucy Riglin,Anita Thapar","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70040","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDIrritability is a common reason for referral to child and adolescent mental health services. However, debate exists as to whether irritability is best conceptualised and treated as a feature of mood disorder, oppositional defiant disorder or a core symptom of ADHD.METHODSWe use network analyses to examine the relationships between adolescent irritability, headstrong/hurtful ODD items, depression and ADHD phenotypes, and polygenic scores (PGS) for depression and ADHD using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). In primary analysis, irritability, depression, headstrong/hurtful ODD items and ADHD were defined using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) at age 15. In secondary analysis, phenotypes were defined using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) ADHD and behavioural subscales at age 13. Finally, we tested for network replicability using confirmatory network analysis in the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS).RESULTSResults of network analyses using the DAWBA in ALSPAC indicated irritability was most strongly associated with headstrong/hurtful ODD items, followed by ADHD and depression. When including PGS, we observed an edge between irritability and depression PGS but not between irritability and ADHD PGS. Irritability appeared to be the primary pathway between ADHD and depression as well as between headstrong/hurtful ODD items and depression. Results were similar using SMFQ/SDQ in ALSPAC and confirmatory network analysis indicated excellent model fit in MCS.CONCLUSIONSAlthough irritability appears to be transdiagnostic, phenotypically, it was most strongly associated with headstrong/hurtful ODD items and broader behavioural problems, which favours the ICD-11 approach of including irritability as a specifier of ODD. However, irritability appeared to be a key connector between both ADHD and behavioural problems to depression; thus, is important to monitor and treat in affected youth with ADHD or behavioural problems.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Have parenting programs for disruptive child behavior become less effective?","authors":"Patty Leijten,G J Melendez-Torres,Sophia Backhaus,Frances Gardner,Annabeth P Groenman,Tycho J Dekkers,Barbara J van den Hoofdakker,Liina Björg Laas Sigurðardóttir,Danni Liu,Marjolein Luman,Lara Mansur,Merlin Nieterau,Saskia van der Oord,Geertjan Overbeek,Constantina Psyllou,Karen Rienks,Susanne Schulz,John R Weisz","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70049","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDBehavioral parenting programs have been exhaustively studied over the past five decades. We used this wealth of research to examine how estimates of parenting program effects have evolved over time, and if any time trends in effect estimates can be explained by trial, sample, or intervention characteristics.METHODSWe based our meta-analysis on a systematic search of 22 international and regional databases, gray literature, and 4 trial registries for randomized controlled trials of behavioral parenting programs.RESULTSWe identified 244 eligible trials (1,100 effect sizes; 28,916 families) from 36 countries. Parenting program effects initially reduced and then stabilized. More recent trials used more rigorous methods (e.g., more active control conditions and less risk of bias), samples that were generally older and included more girls, and evaluated interventions that on average had fewer sessions, were more often delivered by independent staff and made less use of time-out. However, none of these developments explained the initial reduction in effect size estimates during the first decades.CONCLUSIONSOur findings suggest that estimates of parenting program effects are currently stable: Effect sizes are no longer reducing but there is also no evidence of increases over time. Experimentation with the content, delivery, and personalization of parenting programs is needed to identify ways to increase program effects.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychostimulant treatment uniquely reduces left uncinate fasciculus microstructural integrity in ADHD youth with a familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a 12-week DTI study.","authors":"Kun Qin,Wen Chen,Du Lei,Ziyu Zhu,Maxwell J Tallman,Nanfang Pan,Lisha Zhang,Luis Rodrigo Patino,John A Sweeney,Melissa P DelBello,Robert K McNamara","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70053","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDBipolar I disorder (BD) is associated with reduced white matter microstructural integrity in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), a primary fiber tract connecting frontolimbic systems. Although familial history for BD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychostimulants are important risk factors implicated in BD pathoetiology, their impact on UF microstructure remains poorly understood.METHODSThis diffusion tensor imaging study investigated UF microstructural integrity prior to and following 12 weeks of psychostimulant treatment in ADHD youth with ('high-risk', HR) and without ('low-risk', LR) a first-degree relative with BD. Healthy controls were included for comparative purposes. LR youth received 12-week open-label mixed amphetamine salts-extended release (MAS-XR), and HR youth were randomized to either MAS-XR or placebo (PLA). Bilateral UF fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) were assessed using automated fiber quantification.RESULTSA total of 137 participants were included in the analyses. At baseline, there were no significant group differences in bilateral UF microstructural metrics. Following 12-week MAS-XR treatment, significant group-by-time interactions were found for left UF FA and AD between HR-MAS and LR-MAS, as well as for left UF FA between HR-MAS and HR-PLA. Specifically, left UF FA and UF AD decreased significantly in HR-MAS but remained unchanged in LR-MAS and HR-PLA groups. At week 12, left UF FA was lower in HR-MAS relative to HC but not in LR-MAS or HR-PLA. Segment-wise analyses further revealed that UF microstructural changes in the HR-MAS group were localized to the anterior segments.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that HR-ADHD youth are uniquely vulnerable to reductions in left UF microstructural integrity following psychostimulant treatment, suggesting potential relevance to BD pathoprogression.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term follow-up of a randomised controlled trial of a brief home-based parenting intervention to reduce behavioural problems in young children.","authors":"Paul Ramchandani,Jack Elkes,Victoria Cornelius,Sarah Byford,Laura Oxley,Daphne Babalis,Beth Barker,Erin Bibby,Brittney Chere,Poushali Ganguli,Sam Griffith,Zaheema Iqbal,Aiman Kamarudin,Katie Lui,Stephen Scott,Emma Tassie,Essi Viding,Christine O'Farrelly","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70037","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDBehaviour problems are common in childhood and are associated with higher rates of mental health problems, educational and relationship difficulties throughout life. This study assessed whether a Video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline (VIPP-SD) has sustained benefit 6 years after delivery. It had previously been shown to reduce behavioural problems in children aged 2 and 4 years old.METHODSThe Healthy Start, Happy Start study was a 2-arm, multisite randomised clinical trial conducted in 6 NHS trusts in England. Participants (N = 300) were parents/caregivers of children (aged 12-36 months) at risk of behaviour problems. Participants were randomised to receive either VIPP-SD (n = 151) or usual care (n = 149). Those allocated to VIPP-SD were offered 6 home-based video-feedback sessions. Six-year follow-up data were collected from May 2022 to July 2023. The primary outcome was the total score on Parental Account of Children's Symptoms (PACS). The analysis used prespecified longitudinal Bayesian models to handle missing data, and findings are reported as posterior probabilities of superiority alongside treatment effect estimates with 95% credible interval.RESULTSAnalysis included 294 of the 300 participants, with 6-year primary outcome data available for 244/300 (81%) (106 girls [43%]; mean age, 8.2 years). The probability of superiority for VIPP-SD on PACS was 86%. The mean difference in the total PACS score was -1.23 (95% Cred.I [-3.34, 0.90]); d = -0.11 (95% Cred.I [-0.032, 0.09]), with fewer behavioural problems in children in the VIPP-SD group (mean [SD] score of 25.30 [9.63] vs. 26.36 [11.05]).CONCLUSIONSThis trial found a probability of 86% that VIPP-SD was superior for reducing behaviour problems in children up to 6 years later. Taken together with the earlier positive trial findings, this suggests a small enduring positive impact of a brief early intervention with potential for scaling.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}