Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Reasons for nondisclosure of suicide ideation or attempts among adolescents from ethnoracially and socioeconomically diverse backgrounds with a recent suicidal episode.","authors":"Sarah R Sullivan, Judelysse Gomez, Lillian Polanco-Roman, Ana Ortin-Peralta, Christina Rombola, Alyssa Stone, Regina Miranda","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescent emergency department visits for suicide ideation or attempts are increasing, particularly among youth of color. Many adolescents do not disclose their suicidal thoughts to anyone prior to presentation, and it is unclear why. The present study examined adolescents' reasons for not disclosing their suicide ideation or attempts prior to presenting for clinical care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescents, ages 12-19 years, who presented to emergency departments in New York City with recent suicide ideation or a suicide attempt were interviewed about the circumstances surrounding their recent ideation or attempt. Those who reported not disclosing their suicide ideation to others (N = 70; 79% Hispanic/Latine; 77% female) - 23 of whom presented with suicide ideation, 47 with a suicide attempt - were asked about their reasons for not disclosing their ideation in a semi-structured interview.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through thematic analysis, we found eight reasons that adolescents gave for not disclosing their suicide ideation. Four reasons were related to others' reactions, including perceived unavailability of support, negative impacts of their disclosure on others, anticipating others' negative judgments, and fear of punitive consequences (e.g., institutionalized responses). Four reasons were related to internal factors, including their wish to die, desire for privacy and nondisclosure, anticipating their own emotional distress, and believing their suicide ideation did not warrant disclosure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of addressing both interpersonal and intrapersonal barriers to suicide-related disclosure among adolescents. Enhancing provider communication strategies and developing culturally responsive screening tools and interventions may help identify at-risk adolescents who might otherwise remain undetected.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning-based cognitive control in ADHD: a multicentric study.","authors":"Lisa Toffoli, Giulia Stefanelli, Fiorella Del Popolo Cristaldi, Gian Marco Duma, Massimiliano Pastore, Vincenza Tarantino, Malida Franzoi, Marilena Vecchi, Alberto Danieli, Federica Martinez, Agnes Blaye, Corentin Gonthier, Giovanni Mento","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Learning-based cognitive control (CC), the ability to adapt control strategies based on contextual regularities, has been studied in typically developing (TD) children but remains underexplored in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study investigates whether children with ADHD show intact learning-based CC and how it is affected by increased cognitive demands.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a multicentric study, 7-14 years old children (145 ADHD [20F, mean = 10.4 ± 2.0], 97 TD [51F, mean = 10.4 ± 2.0]) completed two experimental tasks: a modified Flanker task and a cued go-noGo task. Both included a List-Wide Proportion Congruency (LWPC) manipulation to create different contextual predictability (mostly congruent/valid vs. half congruent/valid blocks). Reaction times (RTs) and accuracy were analyzed across blocks, and we also examined associations between task adaptation and neuropsychological (NPS) as well as questionnaire-based measures of CC, including inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and behavioral difficulties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with ADHD showed similar LWPC effects to TD peers in the Flanker task, suggesting preserved learning-based CC in low-demand contexts. In the cued go-noGo task, which involved greater attentional and inhibitory demands, children with ADHD displayed less efficient modulation of RTs and reduced speed-accuracy trade-off adaptation compared to TD peers. A composite NPS score predicted task adaptation. No associations were found with parental questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Learning-based CC appears preserved in children with ADHD in simple contexts but is hindered under complex, multi-demand conditions. Neuropsychological performance may be a key mechanism underlying these group differences. These findings emphasize the need for ecologically valid paradigms and tailored interventions targeting complex CC challenges in ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147831535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a machine learning-based screening tool for early detection of adolescent suicide risk.","authors":"Weijia Li, Yongtian Cheng, Zeming Zhang, Yingying Yang, Yanpeng Jin, Zhenhua Cui, Juan Wang, Yinan Duan, Runsen Chen","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescent suicide remains a significant public health concern, yet existing suicide screening instruments primarily focus on already manifested suicidal phenomena, underscoring the need for reliable and practical tools to enable early identification and intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on a large-scale school-based cohort study conducted in Southern China in 2022, this study aimed to develop and preliminarily validate two machine learning-based tools (a 51-item full version and an 11-item abbreviated version) designed to help identify adolescents at risk of developing suicide risk. The dataset was divided into two samples for tool development and longitudinal interview validation. During the tool development phase, LASSO regression was employed to select items with optimal contributions for recent suicide attempts from a multidimensional set of risk factors, followed by model training with multiple machine learning algorithms. The developed models were subsequently evaluated for their ability to predict suicide risk as assessed by the follow-up interview in the longitudinal validation phase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both versions of the screening tool demonstrated adequate discriminative ability, with the CatBoost algorithm outperforming others (AUROC ≥ 0.87). The abbreviated tool showed a slight trade-off between model precision and practicality, with a 0.02 reduction in AUROC, while still maintaining appropriate discrimination. Longitudinal validation using follow-up interview outcomes supported the predictive validity of both tools. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the utility of machine learning-based suicide risk screening tools among adolescents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides evidence supporting the machine learning-based screening tools for early suicide risk detection in adolescents that integrates multidimensional vulnerabilities. The tools show promise in facilitating early identification and targeted interventions in school settings, addressing a critical need in adolescent mental health care. Nonetheless, further research is warranted to confirm their efficacy and support broader implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147808642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practitioner Review: Clinical insights from attachment theory and research for professionals working with young children and their families.","authors":"Jessica E Opie, Everett Waters, Robbie Duschinsky, Mårten Hammarlund, Sheri Madigan, Sarah Foster, Tommie Forslund, Ross Thompson, Howard Steele, Miriam Steele, Glenn I Roisman, Ashley M Groh, Peter Fonagy, Or Dagan, Alessandro Talia, Larissa Rossen, L Alan Sroufe, Ed Tronick, R M Pasco Fearon, Pehr Granqvist, Abraham Sagi-Schwartz, Alicia Lieberman, Elizabeth Carlson, Peter Zimmermann, Mary Dozier, Ashley Wazana, Jay Belsky, Phillip R Shaver, Dante Cicchetti, Guy Bosmans, Carlo Schuengel, Karin Grossmann, Chantal Cyr, Karine Dubois-Comtois, Marije Verhage, Anne Tharner, Mirjam Oosterman, Brian Allen, Judith A Crowell, Pascal Vrtička, Matthew Woolgar, K Lee Raby, Megan Galbally, Jeremy Holmes, Robert S Marvin, Marinus H van IJzendoorn, Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70126","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attachment theory, with its core concepts, perspectives, and insights developed over the past five decades, is influential for professionals working with young children. However, practitioners face challenges translating attachment theory and research into practical applications. This manifests in attachment myths, theoretical misinterpretations, and inconsistency of application. This state-of-the-art review is authored by 47 attachment researchers and practitioners and examines key insights from attachment theory to facilitate attachment-aware practice for professionals working with children and their caregivers. Following the ongoing debate on practical relevance in attachment theory, we present both 'strict' and 'expansive' translational perspectives on applications for addressing preventative or clinical attachment concerns. We first review core attachment propositions, based on replicated research of attachment and caregiving. We next address common misconceptions that hinder adequate practical applications. We present measures of attachment and sensitive parenting that might be helpful for practitioners. We also review evidence-based and promising attachment interventions, discussing core components of (preventative) support for parents or caregivers and the children in their care. We emphasize that attachment theory's clinical value lies not in assigning attachment classifications, but rather in understanding crucial insights into caregiving and early socioemotional development (e.g., secure base phenomena; the value of safe, stable, and shared good-enough care), developed in attachment research over the past 50 years, that may inform policy and clinical reasoning and areas for prevention and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"723-739"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147281570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding and vocabulary improvements mediate sustained gains in reading comprehension: Evidence from a randomised controlled trial of a multicomponent reading intervention.","authors":"Cameron Downing, Catherine Clark, Gwennant Evans, Rachel Cartin, Joseph Smith, Charles Hulme, Manon Jones","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reading comprehension is critical for academic success, yet many children with persistent decoding difficulties struggle to achieve it. This study examined whether a multicomponent literacy intervention is effective in improving reading comprehension and whether any gains in comprehension are mediated by improvements in word reading and vocabulary knowledge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomised controlled trial (RCT), 285 English-speaking children aged 7-9 years with reading difficulties were assigned to a waitlist control group or the Research Informed Literacy with Language (RILL) intervention, a structured, multicomponent programme targeting decoding and language skills. Literacy outcomes were assessed at baseline (t1), postintervention (t2) and at 4-month follow-up (t3). The trial was preregistered; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN18940975.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children receiving RILL showed significantly greater gains in word-level literacy (d = 0.19, p < .001), taught vocabulary (d = 0.30, p = .017) and reading comprehension (d = 0.23, p = .011) immediately postintervention. Effects were sustained at follow-up (word-level literacy d = 0.17; taught vocabulary d = 0.30; comprehension d = 0.25). Mediation analyses, showed a significant indirect effect of the intervention on comprehension at delayed follow-up via word-level literacy at t2 (y-standardised indirect β = .10, 95% CI [0.06, 0.12]), with a negligible direct effect (y-standardised β = .01, 95% CI [-0.20, 0.20]). In an additional exploratory parallel-mediation model, both t2 word-level literacy and taught vocabulary showed unique indirect effects on t3 comprehension (word-level literacy indirect: β = .16, 95% CI 0.10, 0.21, and taught vocabulary indirect β = .11, 95% CI 0.02, 0.23).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our intervention produced immediate and sustained improvements in word-level literacy, taught vocabulary and reading comprehension in struggling readers. Persisting decoding weaknesses are common in later primary years, and our findings show that improving word reading can produce enduring benefits for comprehension.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type and developmental timing of childhood adversity predicts psychopathology symptoms in a South African birth cohort.","authors":"Sherief Y Eldeeb, Brooke G McKenna, Marilyn T Lake, Nadia Hoffman, Alexandre A Lussier, Esther Walton, Andrew J Simpkin, Andrew D A C Smith, Heather J Zar, Dan J Stein, Erin C Dunn","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood adversity is widespread globally and is one of the strongest predictors of later psychopathology. However, the differential effects of type and timing of childhood adversities on childhood psychopathology remain unclear, highlighting the need to explore which life-course hypotheses (sensitive periods, accumulation of exposure, and/or recency of exposure) best explain these associations. Of particular importance, there is a lack of research in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), where children experience higher rates of adversity relative to children in high-income countries (HIC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants included 787 children and their mothers from a South African birth cohort, the Drakenstein Child Health Study. Mothers reported child exposure to adversity from birth to 8 years of age across six adversity categories. We used the two-stage Structured Life-Course Modeling Approach (SLCMA) to examine life-course associations between childhood adversity exposures and internalizing/externalizing symptoms measured using the Child Behavior Checklist at age 8 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maternal psychopathology, maternal adverse events, child food insecurity, and child exposure to community/domestic violence had the strongest associations with child psychopathology symptoms, with varying life-course models selected. The accumulation hypothesis best explained associations of maternal adverse events (partial R² = 2.3%) and child exposure to community/domestic violence (partial R² = 1.6%) with internalizing symptoms. The combined middle childhood sensitive period (age > 5-8) and recency hypotheses model best explained associations between maternal psychopathology and internalizing (partial R² = 7.0%) or externalizing (partial R² = 5.1%) symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified that different types and timing of childhood adversity confer differential risk for childhood psychopathology symptoms in this LMIC sample. Our work has implications for strategically-timed intervention and prevention strategies to improve mental health, which may need to be specifically designed for children in LMIC.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147758372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained mental health outcomes from the youth readiness intervention: A four‐year effectiveness follow‐up of a hybrid type II trial in Sierra Leone","authors":"Wijnand Van Den Boom, Kathryn Noon, Shuangshuang Yang, Renee Menart, Fatoma Momoh, Abdulai Jawo Bah, Matias Placencio‐Castro, Theresa S. Betancourt","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70158","url":null,"abstract":"Background Strategies to expand access to care and sustain evidence‐based mental health interventions (EBIs) must be tested within novel delivery platforms to extend the reach of services in fragile and conflict‐affected settings. Integration into broader development programs may help maintain long‐term effects. This study presents a four‐year follow‐up of a previously conducted Hybrid Type II implementation‐effectiveness cluster‐randomized trial (CRT) of the Youth Readiness Intervention (YRI)—an EBI drawing on cognitive‐behavioral, interpersonal, and mindfulness‐based approaches—delivered within a youth entrepreneurship program in Sierra Leone (2018–2019). Methods Long‐term mental health outcomes (emotion regulation, psychological distress, and interpersonal functioning) were examined among a randomly selected subgroup of 584 participants across three study arms: a control group, a group that only received entrepreneurship training (‘ENTR’), and a group that received both YRI and ENTR (‘YRI + ENTR’). Linear mixed‐effect models accounted for the nested structure of the data. Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic was also assessed through economic and relationship stressors using structural equation modeling. Results Four years postintervention, YRI + ENTR‐youth maintained improvements in depression ( <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> = −.057; 95% CI −0.09 to −0.02; [effect size] <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> = −.111) and combined depression/anxiety symptoms ( <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> = −.047; 95% CI −0.08 to −0.01; [effect size] <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> = −.096) though no sustained effects were observed for daily functioning or emotion regulation. No differences were found for ENTR‐only participants versus controls and YRI + ENTR. COVID‐19‐related economic stressors mediated the relationship between study arm and mental health, revealing small but significant effects. Conclusions In low‐income settings like Sierra Leone, where formal mental health services are scarce, sustainable community‐based interventions such as the combined YRI + ENTR intervention offer a critical approach to reducing psychological distress. Sustained long‐term benefits suggest that participants developed coping strategies that supported resilience during challenges like the COVID‐19 pandemic. These gains may also foster broader community resilience, enhancing both individual well‐being and collective capacity to withstand future adversity.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147752782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How global is our research on child and adolescent mental health? A worldwide concentration and imbalance – and an opportunity for JCPP to take the lead in disseminating globally diverse research","authors":"Sylia Wilson, Krupa Patel","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70163","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health conditions, including among children and adolescents, are prevalent in the general population worldwide. Yet, much of our child and adolescent mental health research is not globally representative, with the vast majority of research conducted in samples in, and by researchers from, the United Kingdom and Western Europe, United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. In this editorial, we highlight the <jats:italic>Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry</jats:italic> as well‐positioned to support and promote research on child and adolescent mental health conducted in globally diverse samples, by researchers from higher‐, middle‐, and lower‐income countries that is representative of and generalizable to children and adolescents throughout the world.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147752784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Society and child mental health shape each other","authors":"Patty Leijten, Lucres M.C. Jansen","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70157","url":null,"abstract":"Child psychology and psychiatry have long examined how the environments in which children grow up shape their mental health. Contemporary frameworks on children's mental health emphasize the causal influence of environmental factors and how these influences vary across children by their individual characteristics. The present issue illustrates the breadth of relevant environmental influences, ranging from parental knowledge to neighborhood disadvantage and the COVID‐19 pandemic. Yet, most empirical research in child psychology and psychiatry has focused on proximal environmental factors; broader societal factors – such as geopolitical tensions, climate change, and socioeconomic inequality – remain comparatively underexplored. In addition, most research on societal factors prioritizes societal factors as causes of child mental health. The impact of child mental health on societal developments has received far less attention. This Editorial advocates for greater integration of societal factors into research on child mental health and highlights the urgent need to examine the bidirectional relation between society and children, including how research contributes to societal change.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood cognitive control as a predictor of long‐term clinical and functional outcomes in Tourette syndrome","authors":"Kathryn E. Barber, Emily J. Ricketts, Douglas W. Woods, John Piacentini, Flint M. Espil, Matthew Specht, Shannon M. Bennett, John T. Walkup, Susanna Chang, Alan L. Peterson, Lawrence Scahill, Sabine Wilhelm, Joseph F. McGuire","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70155","url":null,"abstract":"Background Tourette syndrome (TS) is a childhood‐onset neuropsychiatric condition characterized by motor and vocal tics. Many individuals with TS continue to experience tics and functional difficulties into adulthood, yet the factors influencing these long‐term trajectories remain poorly understood. Cognitive control processes, implicated in the etiology and treatment of TS, may serve as indicators of later clinical and functional outcomes. Methods This study tested whether childhood cognitive control predicted outcomes in early adulthood. Participants were 80 individuals with TS ( <jats:italic>M</jats:italic> <jats:sub>age</jats:sub> = 22.8 years, <jats:italic>SD</jats:italic> = 2.7) who had entered a randomized clinical trial of behavioral therapy as children and completed a follow‐up evaluation an average of 11.7 years ( <jats:italic>SD</jats:italic> = 1.3) later. Childhood assessments measured tic severity and neurocognitive domains, including processing speed, inhibition, set‐shifting, and working memory. Follow‐up assessments evaluated clinical, functional, and quality of life outcomes. Results Results showed that greater inhibition, set‐shifting, and processing speed in childhood predicted lower tic severity and impairment, greater odds of tic remission, and higher quality of life in early adulthood. Greater working memory and response flexibility predicted higher educational attainment and income. These relationships remained significant after accounting for treatment conditions and comorbid attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obsessive‐compulsive disorder. Conclusions Findings highlight childhood cognitive control as an important predictor of clinical and functional outcomes in TS and a viable target for intervention.","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147725955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}