Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"The association between 24-hr movement patterns and self-harm incidence in adolescence","authors":"Siyi Huang,&nbsp;Jiameng Cui,&nbsp;Qida He,&nbsp;Shahmir H. Ali,&nbsp;Qi Wang,&nbsp;G. Neil Thomas,&nbsp;Linyan Li","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70199","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70199","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Self-harm is a pressing public health issue, particularly among adolescents. Physical activity is associated with reduced self-harm among youths, but evidence is limited. Most studies rely on self-reported measures and are primarily focused on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), often overlooking the role of light-intensity physical activity (LIPA). To address these gaps, we investigated the prospective associations between accelerometer-measured 24-hr movements and subsequent self-harm in adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective cohort investigation analysed 2,016 children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study using data from the age 7 years survey (MCS4) when accelerometers were introduced (mean age = 7.23 years, SD = 0.25). Accelerometer-measured duration of MVPA, LIPA, sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep were analysed. Self-harm behaviours were assessed via validated self-report questionnaires at ages 14 and 17 years, and subsequently, the associations examined using logistic and compositional data models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 2,016 participants (48.6% female), 548 self-harm cases occurred during 18,696 person-years of follow-up, with a median follow-up duration of 8.5 years (cumulative incidence = 27.2%). LIPA was inversely associated with self-harm (OR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65–0.88). This association was stronger in compositional models (OR 0.23, 95% CI: 0.11–0.47). MVPA showed a significant non-linear, inverted U-shaped association with self-harm (<i>p</i> for non-linearity = .02). The risk peaked at approximately 1.2 hr/day and decreased substantially at levels exceeding 1.7 hr/day, while SB and sleep were not significantly associated with self-harm. Stratified analyses confirmed robustness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings reveal a pronounced inverse association between LIPA and self-harm, along with a non-linear association for MVPA. These results support 24-hr movement guidelines that emphasise activity transitions over isolated targets and highlight LIPA's role in early prevention strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"2019-2030"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148408575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-life pathways to inequalities in child mental health: evidence from eight birth cohorts","authors":"Demetris Avraam,&nbsp;Gabriella Melis,&nbsp;Tim Cadman,&nbsp;Jennie Carson,&nbsp;Marie Aline Charles,&nbsp;Yu Wei Chua,&nbsp;Ahmed Elhakeem,&nbsp;Joaquín Escribano,&nbsp;Veit Grote,&nbsp;Dariusz Gruszfeld,&nbsp;Kathrin Guerlich,&nbsp;Rae-Chi Huang,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Harris,&nbsp;Jesus Ibarluzea,&nbsp;Jordi Julvez,&nbsp;Berthold Koletzko,&nbsp;Ashleigh Lin,&nbsp;Unai Martin,&nbsp;Rosemary McEachan,&nbsp;Maria Melchior,&nbsp;Phillip Melton,&nbsp;Johanna Thorbjornsrud Nader,&nbsp;Angela Pinot de Moira,&nbsp;Maja Popovic,&nbsp;Simona Porru,&nbsp;Lorenzo Richiardi,&nbsp;Blanca Sarzo,&nbsp;Daniela Schlüter,&nbsp;Jordi Sunyer,&nbsp;Morris Swertz,&nbsp;Elvira Verduci,&nbsp;John Wright,&nbsp;Annick Xhonneux,&nbsp;Tiffany Yang,&nbsp;Daniela Zugna,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen,&nbsp;Katrine Strandberg-Larsen,&nbsp;David Taylor-Robinson","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70207","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Socioeconomic inequalities in children's emotional and behavioural problems are already present at school entry. We examined associations between early-life socioeconomic conditions and children's externalising and internalising problems and assessed whether early-life risk factors mediated these associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed harmonised individual participant data from eight birth cohorts within the EU Child Cohort Network. Maternal educational level during pregnancy was used as an indicator of early-life socioeconomic conditions (SECs). Scores of children's externalising and internalising problems around school entry age were used as the outcome variables. Inequalities were quantified using the Slope Index of Inequality which captures the difference in prevalence of problems between children from highest and lowest SECs. Mediation analysis was used to assess the mediating role of five early-life risk factors: maternal smoking during pregnancy, gestational age, small for gestational age, postpartum depression and breastfeeding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inequalities in externalising and internalising problems by SECs were consistent across cohorts: Children of mothers with low educational level had on average a 12 and 11 percentage point increased prevalence of externalising and internalising problems respectively. Early-life factors explained around 8% (DNBC, Denmark) to 54% (INMA, Spain) of the inequality in externalising problems and 7% (ELFE, France) to 25% (ALSPAC, UK) in internalising problems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children from lower SECs consistently had a higher prevalence of both externalising and internalising problems around school entry age. These inequalities were partly mediated by early-life factors. Public health interventions in pregnancy and the preschool period are critical to address the early emergence of inequalities in children's mental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"2084-2098"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism-based subtypes of problematic use of the internet and corresponding neurobehavioral characteristics among children and adolescents","authors":"Huiying Deng,&nbsp;Kunru Song,&nbsp;Linxuan Xu,&nbsp;Jialin Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaomin Geng,&nbsp;Yajie Zhang,&nbsp;Ziheng Zhao,&nbsp;Minfang Kang,&nbsp;Xiuyun Lin,&nbsp;Marc N. Potenza,&nbsp;Jintao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70197","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70197","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global prevalence of problematic use of the internet (PUI) has increased over time, particularly among youth. To enhance the efficacy of treatments and identify personalized intervention targets, it is important to classify subtypes based on differences in underlying mechanisms rather than solely on symptom severity. This study aimed to identify reliable subtypes of PUI among youth by examining three neurofunctional domains commonly implicated in addictive behaviors—reward processing, negative emotionality, and executive function – and to assess how the identified subtypes differed regarding clinical characteristics and resting-state functional connectivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were drawn from the Healthy Brain Network (HBN) study, comprising 484 children and adolescents (ages 6–21; 37.4% female), including 242 individuals with PUI and 242 matched controls. Latent profile analysis, along with sensitivity analyses, was conducted on phenotypic data reflecting the three addiction-related domains. The resulting subtypes were then evaluated for clinical characteristics and resting-state brain functional connectivity to consider their clinical and biological relevance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three stable PUI subtypes were identified: a ‘High approach with low executive function’ subtype characterized by steeper delay discounting and poorer executive function, frequently co-occurring with learning disorders (<i>n</i> = 20); a ‘Negative emotionality’ subtype with elevated negative affect, frequently co-occurring with affective disorders (<i>n</i> = 37); an ‘Emotional stress’ subtype that only exhibited higher negative affect compared to matched controls and showed no marked dysfunction across other domains (<i>n</i> = 185). Furthermore, each subtype demonstrated distinct patterns of resting-state functional connectivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings provide empirical evidence that youth with PUI are heterogeneous across three core neurofunctional domains, offering insights for the development of more tailored, subtype-specific interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"1965-1979"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148313823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional problems and dysregulation in children/youth with ADHD: predictive and moderating effects in a randomized controlled trial of methylphenidate and neurofeedback","authors":"Amelie Bohner,&nbsp;Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla,&nbsp;Tomas Ros,&nbsp;Eric Acquaviva,&nbsp;Yohan Attal,&nbsp;Tobias Banaschewski,&nbsp;Sarah Baumeister,&nbsp;Elisa Bousquet,&nbsp;Aurore Bussalb,&nbsp;Marie Delhaye,&nbsp;Richard Delorme,&nbsp;Renate Drechsler,&nbsp;Allison Goujon,&nbsp;Alexander Häge,&nbsp;Louis Mayaud,&nbsp;Konstantin Mechler,&nbsp;Caroline Menache,&nbsp;Olivier Revol,&nbsp;Friederike Tagwerker,&nbsp;Susanne Walitza,&nbsp;Anna Maria Werling,&nbsp;Stéphanie Bioulac,&nbsp;Daniel Brandeis,&nbsp;Diane Purper-Ouakil,&nbsp;Anna Kaiser","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70205","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70205","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Children and adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often show increased emotional dysregulation (ED) and internalizing emotional problems (iEP). However, the predictive and moderating role of these emotional difficulties in the treatment of ADHD—particularly regarding pharmacological (methylphenidate, MPH) and non-pharmacological approaches (neurofeedback at home, NF@home)—remains understudied. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of MPH and NF@home in reducing iEP/ED in children with ADHD and to assess the predictive role of iEP/ED and neuropsychological executive function (EF) measures in treatment outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The per-protocol sample included 146 children (7–13 years) diagnosed with ADHD (inattentive or combined type). iEP was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), ED via a dysregulation profile, and EF using the BRIEF and Continuous Performance Test (CPT). ADHD symptoms were assessed using the ADHD Rating Scale IV. Participants were randomized to either the MPH group (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 59) or the NF group (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 87), which included NF&lt;sub&gt;SMR&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 72) and NF&lt;sub&gt;TBR&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 15), based on individual Theta/Beta-Ratio (TBR). Mixed-model analyses considered symptom severity at baseline, age, gender, IQ, and study center as covariates.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;All intervention groups showed significant changes in iEP, but with different effects regarding parent (NF&lt;sub&gt;SMR&lt;/sub&gt;: &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; = −0.396, 95% CI [−0.574, −0.217]; NF&lt;sub&gt;TBR&lt;/sub&gt;: &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; = −0.367, 95% CI [−0.747, 0.013]; MPH: &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; = −0.409, 95% CI [−0.603, −0.215]) and teacher ratings (NF&lt;sub&gt;SMR&lt;/sub&gt;: &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; = −0.211, 95% CI [−0.405, −0.017]; NF&lt;sub&gt;TBR&lt;/sub&gt;: &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; = −0.639, 95% CI [−1.06, −0.222]; MPH: &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; = −0.142, 95% CI [−0.340, 0.056]). There was no between-intervention effect, supported by non-inferiority analyses. For ED, we also found significant effects for all interventions; however, significantly more pronounced effects were obtained for MPH. Moreover, both prediction models indicated a limited predictive value.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The findings suggest non-inferiority of NF versus MPH treating iEP within an ADHD sample. However, due to limited predictive value, no clear clinical guidance can yet be drawn regarding personalized treatment recommendations. Further studies are needed to confirm and extend these findings.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"2069-2083"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148595582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The longitudinal relationship among physical activity, social competence, and psychosomatic comorbidity patterns in adolescents: a cross-lagged panel analysis","authors":"Xinmeng Guo,&nbsp;Nuo Yi,&nbsp;Xinxin Lai,&nbsp;Xiangren Yi,&nbsp;Xiaosheng Dong","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70193","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70193","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents frequently experience psychosomatic comorbidities, yet longitudinal, bidirectional relationships among physical activity (PA), social competence (SC), and psychosomatic comorbidity (PC: mental health and sleep duration) remain underexplored in large non-Western samples. This study examined how PA and SC mutually influence PC over time and tested whether SC mediates the PA-PC link in Chinese high school students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data came from the National Adolescent Health Survey (China) collected from 2020 to 2023, matching participants by name at one-year intervals. The analytic sample (<i>n</i> = 9,680; 51.2% female, mean age = 15.89 ± 1.06 years) completed validated measures. We tested measurement invariance, then estimated a two-wave cross-lagged panel model controlling for age, gender, residence, and only-child status. SC mediation was assessed via the product of cross-lagged paths with 1,000-sample bootstrap. Multiple-group SEM examined gender invariance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All measurement models achieved scalar invariance. Cross-lagged paths indicated PA₁ → SC₂ (<i>β</i> = 0.041, <i>p</i> &lt; .001), PA₁ → SD₂ (<i>β</i> = 0.018, <i>p</i> &lt; .05), and PA₁ → MH₂ (<i>β</i> = −0.023, <i>p</i> &lt; .05). SC₁ → MH₂ (<i>β</i> = −0.034, <i>p</i> &lt; .01). MH₁ → PA₂ (<i>β</i> = −0.038, <i>p</i> &lt; .001), and SD₁ → PA₂ (<i>β</i> = 0.014, <i>p</i> &lt; .05). Indirect effect PA₁ → SC₂ → PC₂ was significant (standardized = −0.001; 95% CI [−0.003, −0.001]). Gender group comparison showed no significant differences (Δ<i>χ</i>² (5) = 8.10, <i>p</i> = .16).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PA and PC exert reciprocal influences in adolescents, with higher PA predicting improved SC, better SD, and reduced MH, while psychosomatic distress undermines subsequent PA and SC. SC partially mediates PA's protective effects on comorbidity, with equivalent patterns across genders. Interventions combining PA and social-skills training may disrupt the vicious cycle of adolescent PC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"2031-2041"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148415600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A latent class analysis of depressive symptoms in youth from the Texas Youth Depression and Suicide Research Network (TX-YDSRN): Clinical and socio-ecological correlates","authors":"Rachel Lee,&nbsp;Erika S. Trent,&nbsp;Kevin M. Wagner,&nbsp;Ace A. Castillo,&nbsp;Abu Minhajuddin,&nbsp;Joseph Blader,&nbsp;Cesar A. Soutullo,&nbsp;Denise Baughn,&nbsp;Hadeel Hamdan,&nbsp;Kirti Saxena,&nbsp;Rachel A. Walker,&nbsp;Lynnel C. Goodman,&nbsp;Sarah M. Wakefield,&nbsp;Wayne K. Goodman,&nbsp;Madhukar H. Trivedi,&nbsp;Eric A. Storch","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70211","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70211","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Adolescent depression is heterogeneous, yet many studies rely on aggregate symptom scores that may obscure meaningful differences in symptom presentation. Latent class analysis (LCA) offers a person-centered approach for identifying symptom subgroups, but few studies have examined depressive symptom classes longitudinally with attention to social determinants of health (SDoH). This study identified depressive symptom classes among youth with depression and/or suicidality, examined demographic, clinical, and socio-ecological correlates of class membership, and evaluated changes in psychological outcomes over 6 months.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Participants were 1,825 youth ages 8–20 years who screened positive for depression, endorsed suicidal thoughts or behaviors, or were receiving treatment for depression. Baseline Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A) item responses were used to identify latent classes of depressive symptoms. Associations between class membership and sociodemographic characteristics, trauma exposure, health-related social needs, treatment barriers, anxiety, suicidality and resilience were examined using chi-square tests and analyses of variance. Mixed-effect models evaluated changes in clinical symptoms and resilience across 6 months of follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A five-class solution was identified: Somatic Symptoms (15.6%), No Symptoms (12.4%), Mild Symptoms (20.5%), Moderate Symptoms (27.8%), and High Symptoms (23.5%). Classes differed significantly by sex, trauma exposure, interpersonal safety concerns, treatment barriers, anxiety severity, suicidality, and resilience. In contrast, household income and basic resource insecurities did not differ significantly across classes. Longitudinally, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and suicidality showed significant time-by-class interactions; however, within- and between-class effect sizes were generally small. Resilience did not exhibit differential changes across classes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Depressive symptom classes among youth with depression or suicidality demonstrate distinct clinical and socio-ecological profiles, highlighting meaningful heterogeneity beyond symptom severity alone. Person-centered approaches may improve characterization of adolescent depression and inform more tailored assessment and intervention strategies. Future longitudinal research should examine the stability of these classes and predictors of transitions between symptom classes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"2123-2139"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personally meaningful life events from adolescence to young adulthood: a longitudinal natural language processing analysis","authors":"David Bürgin,&nbsp;Christina Haag,&nbsp;Lynn Alison Büeler,&nbsp;Laura Bechtiger,&nbsp;Clarissa Janousch,&nbsp;Elena Feldmann,&nbsp;Denis Ribeaud,&nbsp;Manuel Eisner,&nbsp;Viktor von Wyl,&nbsp;Lilly Shanahan","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70169","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Large-scale population-based studies of risk and protective factors for youth mental health rarely assess youths' first-hand experiences in their own words. This longitudinal study analyzed young people's self-reported most important life events and examined how the key topics changed from midadolescence to young adulthood and are associated with internalizing symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>N</i> = 1,442 participants from an urban, multiethnic cohort reported their most important life events at ages 15, 17, 20, and 24 in open-text segments. Themes in <i>N</i> = 5,670 descriptions were analyzed using topic modeling with the Python library BERTopic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most reported events were positive in valence (83.1%), and were often ‘normative’, commonly occurring experiences spanning diverse life domains (education and career development, social relationships, leisure activities and successes, mental health and well-being, and other life transitions and independence). Event topics displayed systematic developmental shifts from midadolescence to adulthood. Higher internalizing symptoms were associated with a greater likelihood of reporting interpersonal and stressful events rather than positive or achievement-related ones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Longitudinal population-based research can draw on open-text data and employ NLP techniques to assess young people's lived experiences. The predominance of positive events and their associations with internalizing symptoms suggest that an increased focus on promoting beneficial experiences, next to reducing stressful events, may promote youth mental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"1937-1952"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148286878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A double-blind randomized controlled trial of personalized upper-alpha neurofeedback in children with ADHD","authors":"Yuliang Wang,&nbsp;Ka Yi Hui,&nbsp;Siu Fung Lu,&nbsp;Qing Chuan Hannah Lui,&nbsp;Lawrence Ma,&nbsp;Suhail Theparambil Asharaf,&nbsp;Davis Lak,&nbsp;David Coghill,&nbsp;Patrick Ip,&nbsp;Tatia Mei Chun Lee,&nbsp;Winnie Wan Yee Tso","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70188","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neurofeedback (NF) is a nonpharmacological approach for ADHD, but standard protocols often overlook individual EEG variability, potentially limiting efficacy. We report the first double-blind randomized controlled trial of a session-adaptive individualized upper-alpha NF protocol in children with ADHD, based on individualized 1/f + alpha model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-eight children (6–12 years) diagnosed with ADHD were randomized to individualized upper-alpha NF (<i>n</i> = 26) or sham feedback (<i>n</i> = 22). Participants completed eight 1-h sessions over four weeks. The primary outcome was parent-rated ADHD symptoms on the SWAN scale, measured at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up. Secondary outcomes included PedsQL, CBCL, SDQ, and neuropsychological tests. Intention-to-treat linear mixed-effects models assessed Time × Condition interactions; within-group changes were evaluated via paired <i>t</i>-tests. EEG learning was defined as the change in each session's upper-alpha/theta-to-lower-alpha ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blinding was preserved (Bang's Index: caregivers = 0.13; staff = 0.21). In the NF group, 21/26 children (80.7%) achieved ‘learner’ status versus 36.4% in sham. Both groups showed significant reductions in ADHD symptoms post-treatment (SWAN Total: NF, <i>d</i> = −0.879, <i>p</i> &lt; .001; sham, <i>d</i> = −1.261, <i>p</i> &lt; .001), with no between-group difference (<i>d</i> = −0.062, <i>p</i> = .881). At six months, NF maintained improvements in ADHD symptoms (SWAN Total: <i>d</i> = −0.713, <i>p</i> = .006), without superiority over sham (<i>d</i> = 0.221, <i>p</i> = .633). Neuropsychological testing revealed NF-specific gains in Purdue Pegboard non-preferred hand (<i>d</i> = 1.093, FDR <i>q</i> = .042) and faster CPT-3 reaction time (<i>d</i> = −1.210, FDR <i>q</i> = .025).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Personalized upper-alpha NF produced higher EEG learning and selective motor-speed improvements but did not outperform sham in reducing parent-rated ADHD symptoms. Eight sessions sufficed for robust EEG modulation, yet non-specific training effects likely drove clinical gains, indicating NF alone may not be an adequate ADHD treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"1953-1964"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148286894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Are we facing an efficacy–effectiveness gap in pediatric psychopharmacology?","authors":"Michael H. Bloch","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70252","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The efficacy–effectiveness gap, the attenuation of benefits as interventions move from controlled trials into routine care, has received substantial focus when scrutinizing psychological interventions but has received less attention in pediatric psychopharmacology. Medication trials evaluate more than molecules: they embed systematic titration, frequent assessment, multi-informant feedback, and adherence support. This Editorial examines whether differences between trial-based and routine medication management create a comparable gap. Examples from stimulant treatment in the MTA, antidepressant protocols in TADS and TORDIA, and metabolic surveillance during antipsychotic treatment illustrate how dosing, follow-up, and safety monitoring may diverge in practice, potentially altering both efficacy and the overall benefit–risk balance. Research should characterize how medications are delivered in routine care and identify which elements of trial-based management materially improve outcomes. Disseminating evidence-based pediatric psychopharmacology may require preserving essential medication-management processes while recognizing constraints faced in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"1933-1936"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149281550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive reappraisal modulates neural responses to aversive sensory stimulation in autistic youth","authors":"Urvi T. Shah,&nbsp;Karrin Evans,&nbsp;Megan Banchik,&nbsp;Apurva Chaturvedi,&nbsp;Sapna Ramappa,&nbsp;Katie Wong,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Silvers,&nbsp;Shulamite A. Green","doi":"10.1111/jcpp.70202","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcpp.70202","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sensory over-responsivity (SOR) is highly prevalent and impairing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). SOR has been associated with sensory-limbic hyperresponsivity and reduced prefrontal top-down regulation during sensory stimulation. There are few evidence-based treatments for SOR, but cognitive reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy, has been shown to reduce negative feelings through activation of frontal brain regions. The current study examined whether reappraisal changes neural reactivity to aversive sensory stimulation in autistic compared to typically developing (TD) children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-seven ASD and 45 age/IQ-matched TD youth aged 8–15 years participated in fMRI while experiencing aversive tactile stimulation on their arm and alternately focused either on how the stimulus made them feel (‘React’), or how they would describe the stimuli objectively (‘Reappraise’). Aversiveness ratings were provided after each stimulus. Parents reported on participants' SOR severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autistic youth showed reduced activation in sensory cortical regions during Reappraisal compared to React. Reappraisal also resulted in increased dorsomedial prefrontal cortex activation, with a trend toward more increases in the TD group but no significant group differences. Despite these reappraisal-related neural changes across both groups, only TD youth showed a reduction in aversiveness ratings for Reappraisal compared to React. Among ASD youth, higher SOR was associated with fewer decreases in sensory cortices but greater increases in frontal regions during Reappraisal compared to React. Older ASD youth also showed increased activity in the ventral prefrontal cortex during Reappraisal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results suggest that cognitive reappraisal modulates neural responses during sensory processing and, more specifically, may reduce hyperactivity in sensory cortical regions previously shown to be associated with SOR. However, individual differences such as age and SOR severity may affect the extent to which top-down cognitive processes are uniquely engaged during reappraisal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry","volume":"67 12","pages":"2042-2055"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcpp.70202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}