Mycologia最新文献

{"title":"Cell morphological plasticity in response to substrate availability of a cosmopolitan polymorphic yeast from the open ocean.","authors":"Poppy Diver, Ben A Ward, Michael Cunliffe","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2418784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2024.2418784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymorphic yeasts can switch between unicellular division and multicellular filamentous growth. Although prevalent in aquatic ecosystems, such as the open ocean, we have a limited understanding of the controlling factors on their morphological variation in an aquatic ecology context. Here we show that substrate concentration regulates cell morphogenesis in a cosmopolitan polymorphic yeast, <i>Aureobasidium pullulans</i>, isolated from the pelagic open ocean and analyzed in liquid batch culture. Filamentous cell development was triggered only under high initial substrate conditions, suggesting that hyphal growth could be more advantageous under eutrophic conditions and may influence pelagic fungal interactions with particulate organic matter. Filamentous growth proportionally declined before the exhaustion of substrate and before budding yeast-type cell division entered stationary phase, possibly modulated by quorum sensing as previously evidenced in other polymorphic yeasts. We also found that budding yeast-type unicells decreased in size and became more elongated in shape in response to substrate depletion, resulting in higher cell surface area to volume ratios, which could affect yeast dispersal and/or provide a nutrient uptake advantage under oligotrophic conditions. Our results demonstrate resource-responsive morphological plasticity in a marine-derived polymorphic yeast, providing mechanistic insight into the ability of fungi to survive fluctuating environmental conditions such as in the open ocean.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome sequencing, phylogenomics, and population analyses of <i>Tilletia</i>, with recognition of one common bunt species, <i>T. caries</i> (synonym <i>T. laevis</i>), distinct from dwarf bunt, <i>T. controversa</i>.","authors":"Hai D T Nguyen, Jeremy R Dettman, Scott A Redhead, Suzanne Gerdis, Kasia Dadej, Émilie D Tremblay, Julie Carey, Guillaume J Bilodeau, Sarah Hambleton","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2418792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2024.2418792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some species of <i>Tilletia</i> are responsible for diseases in economically important crops, such as wheat and rice. In this study, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated 22 new genomes for <i>Tilletia</i>, with a focus on species causing dwarf bunt (DB; <i>T. controversa</i>), common bunt (CB; <i>T. caries</i> and <i>T. laevis</i>), and rice kernel smut (RKS; <i>T. horrida</i>). We present the first genomes for four other species (<i>T. bromi, T. fusca, T. goloskokovii</i>, and <i>T. rugispora</i>), resulting in the largest and most diverse sample of <i>Tilletia</i> genomes studied to date. Depending on the species and strain, the assembly size ranged from 24.3 to 30.5 Mb and gene prediction resulted in 7138 to 8261 gene models per genome. Phylogenomic analyses with hundreds to thousands of genes revealed significant support for the relationships among certain <i>Tilletia</i> taxa and validated findings of previous molecular studies that employed a small number of genes. Further population-level analyses showed two distinct populations of DB and CB: <i>T. controversa</i> (DB) as a single population and another intermixed population of <i>T. caries</i> and <i>T. laevis</i> (CB). No evidence of geographic isolation was observed within these populations. Our phylogenomic analyses also supported previous multigene hypotheses that multiple lineages of <i>Tilletia</i> may cause RKS. Collectively, our results suggest that taxonomic revisions are needed for the RKS-causing pathogens and provide convincing evidence for formally recognizing the CB-causing taxa as one species, named <i>T. caries</i> (synonym <i>T. laevis</i>). Overall, our study significantly enhances genomic resources for <i>Tilletia</i>, offers insights into phylogenetic relationships and population structure, and provides whole genome sequences for future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The biosynthesis and impacts of cytokinins on growth of the oyster mushroom, <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>.","authors":"Nourhene Grich, Thuan Huynh, Anna Kisiala, Daniel Palberg, R J Neil Emery","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2401320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2024.2401320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While a lot is known about cytokinins (CKs) and their actions at the molecular and cellular levels in plants, much less is known about the function of CKs in other kingdoms such as fungi. CKs have been detected in a wide range of fungal species where they play roles ranging from enhancing the virulence of phytopathogens to fortifying plant growth when secreted from fungal symbionts. However, the role of CKs where they concern fungal physiology, apart from plant associations, remains largely uncharacterized. Profiling by UHPLC-HRMS/MS (ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry) revealed that <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i> (oyster mushroom) produces CKs in vitro in both liquid and solid cultures. During fungal growth, CK profiling patterns were consistent with previous suggestions that tRNA degradation products might play a role in the physiological development of fungi. It confirms that those products are CKs that act as fungal growth regulators. Moreover, <i>P. ostreatus</i> was shown to respond to exogenous applications of aromatic and isoprenoid CKs, and their effects were dependent on the dose and CK type in a biphasic manner consistent with hormone action. <i>N</i>⁶-benzyladenine (BAP), kinetin (KIN), <i>N</i>⁶-isopentenyladenine (iP), and <i>trans</i>-zeatin (tZ) bioassays all revealed hormesis-type responses. Accordingly, at low doses, mycelium colony diameter, biomass accumulation, and changes in morphology were stimulated, whereas at high doses only inhibitory effects were observed. Thus, CKs may act as \"mycohormones\" and consequently have potential for applications in fungal agriculture and medicinal compound production.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology, phylogeny, and mitogenomics reveal a new entomopathogenic fungus, <i>Blackwellomyces changningensis</i> (Hypocreales, Clavicipitaceae), from southwestern China.","authors":"JinMei Ma, ZhiQin Wang, ZhiLi Yang, Tao Sun, ShiDao Yang, Hong Yu","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2399996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2024.2399996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two species of <i>Blackwellomyces</i> (Clavicipitaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota) were discovered during an investigation of the diversity of entomopathogenic fungi. A new fungus and one known fungal species that were gathered from Yunnan Province were described in this study. <i>Blackwellomyces changningensis</i>, sp. nov. was described using morphology and phylogenetic evidence from 14 mitochondrial protein-coding gene (PCG) data sets (<i>atp6, atp8, atp9, cob, cox1, cox2, cox3, nad1, nad2, nad3, nad4, nad5, nad6</i>, and <i>nad4L</i>) and six nuclear genes (ITS [ITS4 and ITS5], 18S nuc rDNA [18S], 28S nuc rDNA [28S], <i>tef1-α, rpb1</i>, and <i>rpb2</i>). <i>B. changningensis</i> were found parasitic to Lepidoptera larvae and to produce filiform ascospores with septations. The asexual conidia were ovoid to ellipsoid in shape. Phylogenetic analysis and morphological observations concurred that the fungus belonged to a different species within the genus of <i>Blackwellomyces</i>. The foundation for further taxonomic, genetic, and evolutionary biological studies of the genus <i>Blackwellomyces</i> was laid by this work.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new species of <i>Diacheopsis</i> (Myxomycetes) and a new habitat for myxomycetes.","authors":"Henrik F Gøtzsche, Bernard Woerly, Flavius Popa, Oleg N Shchepin, Ilya S Prikhodko, Ángela López-Villalba, Jan Woyzichovski, Lothar Krieglsteiner, Yuri K Novozhilov, Anja Klahr, Martin Schnittler","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2413343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2024.2413343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a new species, <i>Diacheopsis resinae</i> (Myxomycetes), collected from a microhabitat new for myxomycetes: stem wounds of coniferous trees (Norway spruce) where the resin is overgrown with a community of resinicolous fungi. The 80 known collections come from the Vosges (France), the Black Forest (Germany), Swabian Alp (Germany), and several localities in Denmark and Norway. Observations, but as well as metabarcoding of substrate samples with fungal (ITS [internal transcribed spacer]), bacterial (16S rDNA), and myxomycete (18S nuc rDNA) primers from eight trunks, revealed the new myxomycete to co-occur with resin-degrading ascomycetes (<i>Infundichalara microchona, Lophium arboricola, Zythia resinae</i>). The gram-negative bacterial genera <i>Endobacter</i> and <i>Sphingomonas</i> were found to be abundant in the substrate and may be a food source for the myxomycete. Fruit bodies were found mostly during the more humid winter season, with a peak in January/February. Partial sequences of two independent molecular markers (18S nuc rDNA, <i>EF1α</i> [elongation factor 1-alpha] gene) were obtained for 41 accessions, which form a monophyletic cluster in a two-gene phylogeny of Stemonititidales but do not group with other species of <i>Diacheopsis</i>, thus rendering this genus paraphyletic. The new species, although exclusively developing sessile sporocarps and morphologically undoubtedly falling into the genus <i>Diacheopsis</i>, is most closely related to species of <i>Lamproderma</i>, especially <i>L. album, L. zonatum</i>, and <i>L. zonatopulchellum</i>. Within <i>D. resinae</i>, three groups can be differentiated, which show nearly complete reproductive isolation, as judged from a recombination analysis of the two unlinked markers and the allelic combinations of the <i>EF1α</i> gene.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genera of Erysiphaceae, part 6: <i>Erysiphe</i> (the \"<i>Microsphaera</i> lineage\" part 2).","authors":"Michael Bradshaw, Uwe Braun, James K Mitchell, Uma Crouch, Scott LaGreca, Donald H Pfister","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2386230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2024.2386230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the sixth contribution in a series devoted to the phylogeny and taxonomy of powdery mildews. This part includes our third treatment of the species of the genus <i>Erysiphe</i>. It continues the previous contribution on the phylogenetic-taxonomic assessment of the species belonging to the \"<i>Microsphaera</i> lineage.\" Since this is a large lineage, we have split the treatment of the \"<i>Microsphaera</i> lineage\" into two parts. Phylogenetic trees based on rDNA are supplemented by sequences of additional markers (<i>CAM, GAPDH, GS, RPB2</i>, and <i>TUB</i>). The \"<i>Erysiphe trifoliorum</i> complex\" is a challenging group that belongs to the \"<i>Microsphaera</i> lineage.\" Adequate clarification of this complex will be possible when additional worldwide multilocus sequence analyses are performed. The new species <i>Erysiphe acetosae, E. acmisponis, E. lathyrina, E. salmoniana</i>, and <i>E. santalicola</i> are described, and the new combinations <i>E. biuncinata</i> and <i>E. pavoniae</i> are introduced. Specimens of several species have been sequenced for the first time, particularly North American species, such as <i>Erysiphe caryae, E. ceanothi, E. juglandis-nigrae</i>, and <i>E. ravenelii. Erysiphe syringae</i> is lectotypified and 15 species names are epitypified in order to provide ex-epitype reference sequences. For other species, non-ex-type reference sequences are proposed for phylogenetic-taxonomic purposes. Ex-type sequences for <i>Erysiphe baptisiicola, E. sesbaniae, Microsphaera sydowiana, M. umbilici</i>, and <i>Oidium pavoniae</i> have been retrieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Tuber cumberlandense and T. canirevelatum</i>, two new edible <i>Tuber</i> species from eastern North America discovered by truffle-hunting dogs.","authors":"Alassane Sow, Benjamin Lemmond, Bryan Rennick, Judson Van Wyk, Lois Martin, Margaret Townsend, Arthur Grupe, Randolph Beaudry, Rosanne Healy, Matthew E Smith, Gregory Bonito","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2407755","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2407755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ectomycorrhizal fungi in the genus <i>Tuber</i> form hypogeous fruiting bodies called truffles. Many <i>Tuber</i> species are highly prized due to their edible and aromatic ascomata. Historically, there has been attention on cultivating and selling European truffle species, but there is growing interest in cultivating, wild-harvesting, and selling species of truffles endemic to North America. North America has many endemic <i>Tuber</i> species that remain undescribed, including some that have favorable culinary qualities. Here, we describe two such <i>Tuber</i> species from eastern North America. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of ITS (internal transcribed spacer), <i>tef1</i> (translation elongation factor 1-alpha), and <i>rpb2</i> (second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II) sequences were used to place these species within a phylogenetic context. We coupled these data with morphological analyses and volatile analyses based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. <i>Tuber cumberlandense</i>, sp. nov. (previously referred to as <i>Tuber</i> sp. 66), is a member of the Rufum clade that has been opportunistically harvested for commercial sale from <i>T. melanosporum</i> orchards across eastern North America. <i>Tuber canirevelatum</i>, sp. nov. belongs in the Macrosporum clade and thus far is only known from eastern Tennessee, USA. Both new species were discovered with the assistance of trained truffle dogs. The volatile profiles of <i>T. canirevelatum</i> and <i>T. cumberlandense</i> were measured in order to characterize aromas based on the chemical compounds produced by these fungi. Ascomata from both species were enriched in acetone, dimethyl sulfide, 1-(methylthio)-1-propene, and 1-(methylthio)propane. In this work, we celebrate and encourage the use of trained truffle-hunting dogs for fungal biodiversity discovery and research.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"949-964"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new species of true morel from Switzerland: <i>Morchella helvetica</i>, sp. nov.","authors":"Melissa Cravero, Gregory Bonito, Patrick S Chain, Saskia Bindschedler, Pilar Junier","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2397932","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2397932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Morchella helvetica</i>, sp. nov. (<i>Morchella</i> sect. <i>Distantes</i>) is a new species of true morels discovered in Switzerland. It is formally described in the present study using an integrative approach based on micro- and macromorphological characteristics, multilocus phylogenetics, and a brief description of its habitat. Molecular analyses clearly indicated that <i>Morchella helvetica</i> is a sister species to <i>M. eximioides, M. angusticeps</i>, and <i>M. confusa</i>. It can be distinguished by the two phylogenetic markers RNA polymerase II subunit 2 (<i>RPB2</i>) and translation elongation factor-1 alpha <i>(TEF1-α</i>). In addition, <i>M. helvetica</i> exhibits particular morphological features, notably the presence of pale hairs on the pileus, a mealy stipe, and darkening ridges when aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1101-1109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Peziza nivalis</i> and relatives-spring fungi of wide distribution.","authors":"Donald H Pfister, Katherine F LoBuglio, Michael Bradshaw, Renée Lebeuf, Andrus Voitk","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2370198","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2370198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several members of the genus <i>Peziza</i> sensu stricto occur at the edge of melting snow. These nivicolous species have been widely reported in the Northern Hemisphere and are also known from Australia and New Zealand. We have used 16 specimens from North America and Australia to study morphology and to perform DNA sequencing. In sequence analyses, we have used ITS1 and ITS2 (internal transcribed spacers), 28S, <i>RPB2</i> (RNA polymerase II gene), and two genes new to these studies, <i>GAPDH</i> (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) and <i>HSP90</i> (heat shock protein 90). Although not all regions are available for all samples, we have recognized the following species: <i>Peziza heimii, P. nivalis</i>, and <i>P. nivis</i>. Phylogenetic analyses were done using ITS alone; combined ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, 28S, and <i>RPB2</i>; ITS, and 28S, <i>RPB2, GAPDH</i>, and <i>HSP90</i>. Even with this augmented set of genes and despite their widespread occurrence in North America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, we have not definitively distinguished species within this group. To assess these results, pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) analysis was employed. This showed evidence of recombination among the samples of <i>P. nivalis</i> and further supports the view of <i>P. nivalis</i> as a monophyletic cosmopolitan species. As part of this study, we also examined the variation in ITS copies in <i>P. echinospora</i>, for which a genome is available.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1019-1032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First European records of <i>Puccinia modiolae</i> and <i>P. platyspora</i>, two native South American rust fungi, and new observations on their life cycle and morphology.","authors":"R Berndt, M A G Otálora, M Angulo, J C Zamora","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2395697","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00275514.2024.2395697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reports the South American rust fungi <i>Puccinia modiolae</i> and <i>P. platyspora</i> (Pucciniales/Uredinales) as new alien species of the European rust funga. <i>Puccinia modiolae</i> is presently known from Switzerland and Germany, <i>P. platyspora</i> from Switzerland, Germany, and France. The records of <i>P. platyspora</i> are the first ones from outside South America. The specimens were identified by teliospore characters and sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (internal transcribed spacer 2 and domains D1-D2 of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit) and the mitochondrial <i>CO3</i> (cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase III) gene. <i>Puccinia modiolae</i> and <i>P. platyspora</i> have been recorded so far in Europe on members of the genera <i>Alcea</i>, predominantly on <i>Alcea rosea, Althaea</i>, and <i>Malva</i> of the Malvaceae, subfam. Malvoideae. <i>Alcea rosea</i> is host of both species and shared also with the common mallow rust, <i>P. malvacearum</i>, allowing for mixed infections. The plant is commonly grown as an ornamental and may play a major role for the spread of the alien Malvaceae rust fungi. It was observed for the first time that <i>P. platyspora</i> can produce spermogonia and aecidium-type aecia, suggesting phenotypic plasticity regarding the formation of spore states. The observed spermogonia mainly remained closed and did not liberate spermatia. They produced telio- and aeciospores besides spermatia in their cavity and eventually converted entirely into telia or, rarely, into aecidium-like sori. Small clusters of aeciospores and peridial cells were commonly found hidden in the telial plectenchyma, and well-developed aecidium-type aecia provided with a peridium developed rarely in the center of mature telia. Spermogonia belonging to group V type 4 were found in <i>P. malvacearum</i>, which is generally supposed to lack spermogonia. Some spermogonia produced only spermatia in their cavity; others formed spermatia and teliospores, and some eventually converted into telia.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"915-935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142391851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}