Mycologia最新文献

{"title":"<i>Didymellaceae</i> species associated with <i>Convolvulaceae</i> plants, with description of three new species.","authors":"Maria M Gomzhina, Elena L Gasich","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2497588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2497588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Didymellaceae</i> is one of the largest families in the <i>Pleosporales</i>, encompassing main genera of <i>Phoma</i>-like fungi including <i>Ascochyta, Didymella</i>, and <i>Stagonosporopsis</i> and representing underestimated biodiversity. Plants in the <i>Convolvulaceae</i> often grow as weeds in many climates and host a wide range of fungi in the <i>Didymellaceae</i>. This study identified 22 <i>Didymellaceae</i> strains isolated from plants in the <i>Convolvulaceae</i> according to the consolidated species concept (CSC) using phylogenetic, micromorphological, and cultural features. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis inferred from nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (28S) of ribosomal DNA, partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit (<i>rpb2</i>), and β-tubulin (<i>tub2</i>) genes revealed well-supported monophyletic clades corresponding to 16 <i>Didymellaceae</i> species. Reported here for the first time from the <i>Convolvulaceae</i> hosts are <i>Didymella americana, D. bellidis, D. glomerata, D. pomorum, D. segeticola, D. sinensis, D. tanaceti, Nothophoma brennandiae, N. gossypiicola, Phomatodes nebulosa, Stagonosporopsis caricae, S. heliopsidis</i>, and <i>S. inoxydabilis</i>. Additionally, three new species were described: <i>Didymella pseudomacrophylla</i>, sp. nov. <i>Epicoccum convolvulicola</i>, sp. nov. and <i>Epicoccum pseudoplurivorum</i>, sp. nov. Seven species are reported for the first time from Russia: <i>D. bellidis, D. segeticola, D. sinensis, D. tanaceti, N. brennandiae, P. nebulosa</i>, and <i>S. caricae</i>, and one species, <i>S. heliopsidis</i>, for the first time from Kazakhstan.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ability of non-aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus</i> section <i>Flavi</i> strains to grow in the presence of herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and remove it from synthetic wastewater.","authors":"Karen Magnoli, Nicolás Benito, Melisa Eglé Aluffi, Carina Elizabeth Magnoli, Carla Lorena Barberis","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2500337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2500337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mismanagement of wastewater containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is responsible for serious environmental pollution. One possible solution to this problem is the implementation of remediation techniques that use living organisms, such as fungi, to reduce herbicide levels in different matrices. This study aimed to characterize and select non-aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus</i> section <i>Flavi</i> strains with the ability to tolerate and remove 2,4-D in synthetic agricultural wastewater. Their aflatoxigenicity was assessed through an analytical method, followed by the amplification of the four main genes involved in aflatoxin synthesis. Four non-toxigenic strains (RCA 2, RCA 4, RCA 5, and RCA 10) tolerated up to 25 mM of the herbicide and were subsequently identified as <i>A. oryzae</i>. An ecophysiological assay revealed that the best conditions for their growth were 1 mM of 2,4-D at pH 7 and 25 C, and that only one set of conditions (5 mM of 2,4-D, pH 9, and 25 C) completely inhibited development in one of the strains. Finally, removal assays were performed in synthetic wastewater, in which residual 2,4-D levels were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Three of the four <i>A. oryzae</i> strains removed over 40% of the herbicide in the medium after 7 d of incubation, and close to or more than 60% after 14 d. Therefore, these strains could potentially be considered for the design of bioaugmentation strategies aimed at reducing 2,4-D contamination in wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defluorination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) by wood decomposer fungi.","authors":"Charles Ayers, Jiwei Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2499476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2499476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large-scale manufacturing and disposal of fluorinated chemicals have led to global pollution by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that will require novel remediation techniques and investigation for their environmental fates. Fungi are dominant carbon nutrient recyclers in ecosystems, but their roles in responding to and degrading these persistent fluorocarbons remain largely untapped. Here, we investigated the fungal species' responses to perflouroalkyl carboxylic acid (PFCA) chemicals and their capacities in breaking down C-F bonds for defluorination (deF) by using the ion-selective electrode for quantifying free fluoride anions and the ¹⁹F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for monitoring PFAS removal in fungal cultures. Cytotoxicity assays showed that taxa within a unique class of fungi that cause \"white rot\" type of wood decay have developed an inherent defense mechanism for fluoride and fluorocarbon chemicals, setting off a basis for further investigating their deF phenotype. Although the current test did not evidence clear deF in legacy PFAS, including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), it identified dehalogenated PFCA structures associated with an electron-attracting alkenyl group that provokes C-F cleavage. Our research, therefore, set a foundation for further unraveling the fungal deF mechanisms, and it also highlighted that future research should give sufficient attention to resident fungal communities in impacted environments due to their potential to recycle fluorinated compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal diversity in the Neotropics: update on the diversity and taxonomy of Hydnaceae in Costa Rica.","authors":"Mariana Herrera, Andrew W Wilson, Gregory M Mueller","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2491289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2491289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Much progress documenting the diversity and relationships within the Hydnaceae has been made over the past decades. Nevertheless, the diversity of the family is far from completely known, especially in neotropical regions, which remain underexplored. Concentrated fieldwork to document the diversity and distribution of macrofungi in Costa Rica began in the late 1980s and continued through early 2000s. As most of the studies were morphology based, some species were identified only to genus level, provisionally named, or misidentified. This study provides morphological and molecular evidence of new species of Hydnaceae previously and newly collected in neotropical <i>Quercus</i>-dominated forests in Costa Rica. Molecular phylogenies support the proposal of five new species: a yellow chanterelle <i>Ca. neotropicalis</i>, three <i>Craterellus</i> species: <i>Cr. griseohymeninus</i>, sp. nov. <i>Cr. minutibrunneus</i>, sp. nov. and <i>Cr. lamelligracilis</i>, sp. nov. and a <i>Hydnum repandum</i> lookalike: <i>Hydnum pallideflavum</i>, sp. nov.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The orchestration of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis: a review of fungal-produced symbiotic regulators and their functions.","authors":"Yu-Peng Sun, Ming-Wen Zhao, Liang Shi","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2499439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2499439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ectomycorrhiza is a mutualistic symbiotic association formed between fungi and plants, which enhances the host plant's stress resistance and promotes plant growth. It plays an important role in forest ecosystems. A plethora of symbiotically active regulatory molecules are secreted throughout the continuum of ectomycorrhizal development, encompassing the period before physical contact between the fungi and their host plant roots to the maturation of the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. However, our understanding of these substances is still limited. In recent years, as research in this field has deepened, several studies have documented that fungi release symbiotic regulatory substances, including fungal-derived plant hormones and small secreted proteins, which participate in the regulation of mycorrhizal formation. This article, from a fungal perspective, elaborates on the symbiotic regulatory substances secreted by ectomycorrhizal fungi into the surrounding environment or within the host plant. It further discusses the role of these substances in establishing symbiotic relationships with plants, aiming to offer novel insights for researchers in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and physicochemical properties of melanin particles from the lichen <i>Lobaria pulmonaria</i>.","authors":"Amina G Daminova, Anna E Rassabina, Venera R Khabibrakhmanova, Gennady L Burygin, Richard P Beckett, Farida V Minibayeva","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2493364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2493364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanins are the pigments with diverse protective functions in a wide range of organisms. The ability of lichens to synthesize melanins is an important adaptation in response to adverse light conditions, including ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and high light. Previously, we demonstrated that melanization of the lichen <i>Lobaria pulmonaria</i> is accompanied by the accumulation of melanin granules in the upper cortex. However, very little information is available on the morphology and physicochemical properties of these particles. Here, for the first time, we used polyclonal antibodies against eumelanin to visualize melanin in the upper cortex of <i>L. pulmonaria</i> and confirm its identity. Using scanning electron microscopy, we showed that extracted melanins are large, spherical aggregates, with an average size of 230 nm. The aggregates had an irregular and unstable structure and displayed high adhesive properties, according to atomic force microscopy. Purification using size exclusion chromatography showed that melanins coeluted with polysaccharides. Purified particles were visualized as discrete structures (subaggregates) with an average size of 42 nm and displayed higher stability and lower adhesive properties than non-purified aggregates. In colloidal aqueous systems, melanin particles formed aggregates with particle sizes of 279 and 212 nm for the non-purified and purified samples, respectively, suggesting that the removal of the polysaccharide component during purification causes the condensation of the polyaromatic structure of melanin. Taken together, our results suggest that melanin particles extracted from UV-melanized thalli of the lichen <i>L. pulmonaria</i> comprise a supramolecular assembly of melanin and polysaccharides. Analysis of the size, ζ-potential, and polydispersity index suggests that melanin particles are capable of structural rearrangements that lead to changes in their nanomechanical properties. The ability of the melanin to bind to polysaccharides may enhance the structural robustness of mycobiont cell walls and increase the tolerance of lichen thalli to stressful environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the phytopathogen <i>Cladosporium cladosporioides</i> inhibition by <i>Meyerozyma guilliermondii</i> LMA-Cp01 using isothermal microcalorimetry.","authors":"Leonardo Covarrubias-Rivera, Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez, Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2493361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2493361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional microbiological methods to assess the antagonistic effect of yeasts in controlling phytopathogen fungi are often slow and based on subjective growth measurements. Therefore, isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) is proposed as a novel, sensitive, and accurate technique that measures the heat released during the metabolic processes of microorganisms. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic effect of <i>Meyerozyma guilliermondii</i> LMA-Cp01 on <i>Cladosporium cladosporioides</i>, using the mycelial growth diameter technique and IMC. The thermokinetic parameters issued from the thermogenic and thermogenic integrated curves, such as maximum growth rate, lag phase, total produced heat, and time to peak, showed variations as a function of the yeast concentration used. The deconvolution of the thermogenic curves, using the asymmetric double sigmoidal function (Asym2sig) model, allowed independent estimation of the growth of <i>C. cladosporioides</i> and <i>M. guilliermondii</i>. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to better understand the relationship between the two techniques. The correlations showed that the total heat of the fungal deconvoluted curves has a high correlation (larger than -0.98) with the in vitro inhibition percentage. Therefore, this study supports using IMC as an alternative to complement classical methods of fungal inhibition using yeast.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic and morphological studies of Meripilaceae (Polyporales) from South America: a reevaluation of the genera <i>Henningsia, Meripilus, and Physisporinus</i>.","authors":"Mauro Carpes Westphalen, Viviana Motato-Vásquez, Adriana de Mello Gugliotta, Rosa Mara Borges da Silveira, Mario Rajchenberg","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2489908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2489908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus <i>Meripilus</i> and its allied genera <i>Henningsia</i> and <i>Physisporinus</i> within the Meripilaceae family, in the broader context of the residual polyporoid clade. The three genera are morphologically similar and characterized by resupinate to pileate basidiomes that harden and often darken upon drying, a monomitic hyphal structure, simple-septate generative hyphae, and globose to ovoid basidiospores, with variable presence of cystidia. Species in <i>Henningsia</i> and <i>Meripilus</i>, in turn, present gloeopleurous hyphae in the context and large, multipileate basidiomes. Recent studies have indicated that <i>Physisporinus</i>, as currently defined, is not monophyletic, with <i>Meripilus</i> nested within it. Phylogenetic analysis based on four molecular markers confirmed the paraphyletic nature of <i>Physisporinus</i>, with <i>Meripilus</i> and <i>Henningsia</i> both nested within it. Morphological examinations of specimens collected in South America, along with revisions of type specimens, show that this segregation is not natural and causes nomenclatural problems. We propose to transfer all species currently placed in <i>Physisporinus</i> into <i>Meripilus</i>, thereby preventing the division of the genus into morphologically indistinguishable groups. As a result of this reclassification, we propose 35 new combinations in <i>Meripilus</i> and describe three new species from South America.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multigene-based establishment of a novel Pleosporales family (Leandriaceae) and neotypification of <i>Leandria momordicae</i> Rangel.","authors":"Maria Isabella de Souza Feitosa, Leonardo Silva Boiteux, Maria Esther de Noronha Fonseca, Josiene Silva Veloso, Danilo Batista Pinho, Marcos Paz Saraiva Câmara, Ailton Reis","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2491954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2025.2491954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Leandria momordicae</i> Rangel is the etiological agent of net spot, which is a very important disease of cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i>), chayote (<i>Sicyos edule</i>), and in other Cucurbitaceae species. Although this pathogen was described more than a century ago infecting <i>Momordica charantia</i>, its taxonomic positioning has not yet been clarified. Moreover, a standard isolate of this fungus is not available in any reference mycological collection. In this context, the aims of the present work were (i) to clarify the taxonomic position of the fungus via morphological and phylogenetic analyses; (ii) to deposit a neotype of <i>L. momordicae</i> in a public mycological collection; (iii) to provide the first DNA sequences of the pathogen in GenBank. The morphometrical characteristics of distinct <i>L. momordicae</i> isolates were similar to those originally described. The phylogenetic analyses were carried out using information of five genomic regions. Using the BLASTn algorithm, it was observed that the <i>L. momordicae</i>-derived sequences displayed higher identity levels to fungal sequences of the order Pleosporales, which were subsequently included in the analyses. All sequences from the nine isolates of <i>L. momordicae</i> grouped within a single phylogenetic clade distinct from the other taxa in Pleosporales. Therefore, it is suggested the establishment of a new family of Pleosporales to include <i>L. momordicae</i> to which the name Leandriaceae is proposed. In addition, an ex-neotype and a neotype were illustrated and deposited in the Herbarium of the Federal University of Viçosa (VIC4754) and in the culture collection \"Octávio Almeida Drummond\" (COAD3403). The present study reinforces the view that many \"hidden\" fungal taxa are yet to be discovery under Neotropical conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilocus phylogeny contributes to fungal taxonomy with three novel species of <i>Conocybe</i> (Bolbitiaceae) from southern Punjab, Pakistan.","authors":"Muhammad Asif, Malka Saba, Fazli Maula, Wajahat Akram, Asif Kamal, Mubashar Raza","doi":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2463279","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00275514.2025.2463279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in fungal taxonomy have been significantly enhanced by multilocus phylogenetic analyses, which improve the precision of species identification. This study also employs such methods to investigate the genus <i>Conocybe</i>, resulting in the description of three novel species, viz. <i>C. hasiluprensis</i> and <i>C. sultanii</i> belonging to the section <i>Pilosellae</i> and <i>C. ferruginae</i> of section <i>Conocybe</i>, from southern Punjab, Pakistan. Field collections yielded specimens that were examined morphologically and genetically, using a multilocus phylogenetic analysis utilizing sequences from the ITS, 28S, and <i>TEF1-α</i> regions. A combined phylogenetic tree was constructed through maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, revealing three novel taxa occupying their respective distinct branches. Further, morphological analysis complemented the genetic data, with each species displaying unique characteristics. This study not only adds to the fungal biodiversity of Pakistan but also provides a robust framework for future taxonomic and ecological research in the region. In addition, we provide a key to the known species of <i>Conocybe</i> in Pakistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":18779,"journal":{"name":"Mycologia","volume":" ","pages":"463-479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}