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Assessment of mercury concentrations in fur, liver, and brain tissue from necropsied southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) 评估南部海獭(Enhydra lutris nereis)毛皮、肝脏和脑组织中的汞浓度
IF 2 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13112
Draven W. Hawk, Robin C. Dunkin, Francesca Batac, Melissa Miller, Peter Weiss-Penzias
{"title":"Assessment of mercury concentrations in fur, liver, and brain tissue from necropsied southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)","authors":"Draven W. Hawk,&nbsp;Robin C. Dunkin,&nbsp;Francesca Batac,&nbsp;Melissa Miller,&nbsp;Peter Weiss-Penzias","doi":"10.1111/mms.13112","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Southern sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>) are a federally listed threatened keystone species of the California kelp forest ecosystem and a sentinel species, indicating environmental health. Mercury (Hg) is a bioaccumulative neurotoxin that poses a threat to high trophic-level species such as marine mammals. We quantified total Hg (THg) concentrations in fur, brain, and liver tissues of necropsied southern sea otters (<i>n</i> = 44) that stranded along the California coast from 2010 to 2019. THg concentrations differed significantly between fur and brain, and between liver and brain. Tissue type explained 64%, and sex explained only 3.3% of overall THg variability (0.48–46.1 μg/g dry weight). All individuals had liver Hg concentrations measuring well under the proposed lower-limit low risk guideline for harp seals, <i>Pagophilus groenlandicus</i>. However, six sea otters exceeded the liver THg moderate risk threshold for terrestrial furbearers to which sea otters are closely related. These data represent baseline THg concentrations in fur, brain, and liver of the southern sea otter and build upon previous studies in various sea otter subspecies. Research on sea otter Hg tolerance and continued monitoring are needed to clarify potential health risks associated with the tissue concentrations observed in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.13112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139767355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large whale entanglements in Mexico, a 25-year review from 1996 to 2021 墨西哥大型鲸鱼缠绕事件,1996 年至 2021 年 25 年回顾
IF 2 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13106
Astrid Frisch-Jordán, Diana C. López-Arzate
{"title":"Large whale entanglements in Mexico, a 25-year review from 1996 to 2021","authors":"Astrid Frisch-Jordán,&nbsp;Diana C. López-Arzate","doi":"10.1111/mms.13106","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Large whale entanglements are considered a significant threat to populations on a global scale. In the Mexican Pacific and Baja California Peninsula (1996–2021) a total of 218 confirmed entangled whales, from which 99 (45.4%) whales were fully released (66 by the Mexican Whale Disentanglement Network, known as RABEN). Five whale species were reported in confirmed entanglements: humpback (<i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i>, <i>n</i> = 187), gray (<i>Eschrichtius robustus</i>, <i>n</i> = 19), sperm (<i>Physeter macrocephalus</i>, <i>n</i> = 5), Bryde's (<i>Balaenoptera edeni</i>, <i>n</i> = 4), and fin (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>, <i>n</i> = 3). Eight types of fishing gear were identified out of 209 different gear sets; gill nets were the most common (<i>n</i> = 101, 48.3%), followed by pots (<i>n</i> = 49, 23.4%). Entanglements were reported in sixteen locations, and Banderas Bay had the most entanglement reports (<i>n</i> = 81, 32.8%). Several entanglements were tracked across multiple locations (<i>n</i> = 7), involving two teams with the most successful releases (<i>n</i> = 5), proving the efficiency of the RABEN entanglement response network. This information can be used to better understand entanglement impacts on large whales in the North Pacific and particularly in Mexico, to work towards mitigation of a problem that affects both whales and fishermen.</p>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139767358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Song fragments recorded on a tagged juvenile humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) on a winter feeding ground at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, USA 在美国弗吉尼亚州切萨皮克湾口的冬季觅食地,一头被标记的座头鲸幼鲸(Megaptera novaeangliae)记录到的歌声片段
IF 2 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13110
Dana L. Adcock, Jeanne M. Shearer, Heather J. Foley, Zach T. Swaim, Andrew J. Read
{"title":"Song fragments recorded on a tagged juvenile humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) on a winter feeding ground at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, USA","authors":"Dana L. Adcock,&nbsp;Jeanne M. Shearer,&nbsp;Heather J. Foley,&nbsp;Zach T. Swaim,&nbsp;Andrew J. Read","doi":"10.1111/mms.13110","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13110","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Humpback whales produce a variety of sound types, including vocalizations termed “songs” because they consist of repeated, fixed patterns of sounds, similar to bird songs (Payne et al., &lt;span&gt;1971&lt;/span&gt;). Humpback songs consist of themes, phrases, units, and subunits (Payne et al., &lt;span&gt;1971&lt;/span&gt;). In most themes, phrases are repeated before the whale moves on to the next theme, with a complete song lasting 7–30 min (Payne et al., &lt;span&gt;1971&lt;/span&gt;). Singers remain relatively stationary throughout the duration of their display (Helweg et al., &lt;span&gt;1992&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Humpback songs are produced most frequently on breeding grounds where they are used as a reproductive display by adult males (Clark &amp; Clapham &lt;span&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;; Eriksen et al., &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;; Vu et al., &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;) and contribute to male reproductive success (Darling &amp; Bérubé, &lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;; Helweg et al., &lt;span&gt;1992&lt;/span&gt;; Tyack, &lt;span&gt;1983&lt;/span&gt;; Tyack &amp; Clark, &lt;span&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;; Tyack &amp; Whitehead, &lt;span&gt;1983&lt;/span&gt;). The complexity of song may be attractive to females and thus serve a function in sexual selection (Tyack, &lt;span&gt;1983&lt;/span&gt;). Various aspects of the components of a song, including novelty, may serve as indicators of fitness in male whales (Helweg et al., &lt;span&gt;1992&lt;/span&gt;). Whales incorporate components of song from other populations, suggesting that novelty contributes to the evolution of humpback whale song (Noad et al., &lt;span&gt;2000&lt;/span&gt;) and songs change continuously in a directional pattern driven by cultural transmission (Eriksen et al., &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Song has also been recorded on migration routes and on high-latitude feeding grounds (Martin et al., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;; Mattila et al., &lt;span&gt;1987&lt;/span&gt;; Vu et al., &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;). For example, Mattila et al. (&lt;span&gt;1987&lt;/span&gt;) recorded songs on Stellwagen Bank, Massachusetts, a high-latitude summer feeding ground, in the autumn of 1983–1984. Songs were also recorded on the same feeding ground in the summer and spring of 2003 and year-round in 2006 and 2008 (Clark &amp; Clapham, &lt;span&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;; Vu et al., &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;). In year-round recordings, song occurrence and duration increased in late autumn through December as males approached southward migration periods (Vu et al., &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;). Whales from the Australian and New Caledonian populations sing on high-latitude Antarctic summer feeding grounds (Garland et al., &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;) and males sing on Southeast Alaskan summer feeding grounds (McSweeney et al., &lt;span&gt;1989&lt;/span&gt;). Recently, humpbacks have been recorded singing over several months in the winter and spring on Norwegian feeding grounds (Martin et al., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Song has been recorded on migration routes between breeding grounds in the Caribbean and feeding grounds in the North Atlantic and in the central New Zealand migratory corridor (Charif et al., &lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;; Vu et al., &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;; Warren et al., &lt;span&gt;","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.13110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Offspring sex ratio increases with paternal reproductive success in a colony of southern elephant seals 在一个南象海豹群落中,后代性别比随父亲繁殖成功率的增加而增加
IF 2 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13108
Hassen Allegue, Christophe Guinet, Samantha C. Patrick, Cécile Ribout, Coraline Bichet, Olivier Lepais, Denis Réale
{"title":"Offspring sex ratio increases with paternal reproductive success in a colony of southern elephant seals","authors":"Hassen Allegue,&nbsp;Christophe Guinet,&nbsp;Samantha C. Patrick,&nbsp;Cécile Ribout,&nbsp;Coraline Bichet,&nbsp;Olivier Lepais,&nbsp;Denis Réale","doi":"10.1111/mms.13108","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In polygynous species, male reproductive success is often determined by their ability to dominate female harems. Harem-holders sire a disproportionate number of offspring. Male dominance tends to correlate with age, but intense competition and early male mortality limit most males from achieving high social status. To maximize reproductive success despite low rank, offspring sex ratio adjustment may have evolved, favoring the sex with higher fitness. If traits influencing dominance are heritable and confer reproductive advantages, we expect fathers with higher reproductive success to produce more sons, as they are more likely to become dominant. In contrast, subordinate males with lower success may benefit from siring more daughters. We tested this hypothesis on a colony of southern elephant seals breeding on the Kerguelen Archipelago. We used genetic markers to link the paternity of 540 pups to 58 breeding males. We found that the probability of siring a son increases from 43% to 54% with paternal relative reproductive success, supporting the offspring sex ratio adjustment hypothesis. Given that various factors influence sex ratio in a population, future studies should tease apart these ecological processes (e.g., paternal dominance, maternal condition, local density, or adult sex ratio) and investigate how they interact with each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.13108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139659246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An observation of potential altruism by a male northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) 观察雄性北方象海豹(Mirounga angustirostris)的潜在利他行为
IF 2 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13105
Sarah G. Allen, Matthew J. Lau, Sarah A. Codde
{"title":"An observation of potential altruism by a male northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris)","authors":"Sarah G. Allen,&nbsp;Matthew J. Lau,&nbsp;Sarah A. Codde","doi":"10.1111/mms.13105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13105","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Altruism, the behavioral assistance of another in need, has ancient origins in mammalian evolution (Preston, &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;). An individual is thought to behave altruistically when its actions result in the reduction of its own survival or reproduction to benefit the fitness and survival of another individual (Kay et al., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). Allo-parenting (adoption of orphaned young), a type of altruistic behavior, is commonly reported in social birds as well as mammals (Konig, &lt;span&gt;1997&lt;/span&gt;). Allo-maternal care (nonmaternal care of young) has been noted in numerous pinniped species including in both Phocidae and Otariidae (Arso Civil et al., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;; Gemmell, &lt;span&gt;2003&lt;/span&gt;). Male altruism, though, has rarely been described in marine mammals, including pinnipeds (Acevedo-Gutierrez, &lt;span&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;). Generally, polygynous marine mammal males infrequently engage in parental care, but rather devote their time and energy to mating with many females (Berta et al., &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;). Here, we document a novel exception to that general depiction with a possible altruistic act by an adult male northern elephant seal (&lt;i&gt;Mirounga angustirostris&lt;/i&gt;) that responded to a young pup in distress at a colony at Point Reyes National Seashore, California.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elephant seals gather annually at numerous colonies along the eastern Pacific, ranging from British Columbia south to Baja California, to give birth and suckle their young onshore (Lowry et al., &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;). The breeding season throughout their range extends from December through March when mostly adult males and females gather onshore. The sexes are extremely sexually dimorphic, exhibiting a dominance hierarchical polygynous mating system (Le Boeuf, &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Adult females are capital breeders that gather in harems onshore and remain in close proximity with pups for approximately 30 days, at which time they come into estrus, mate, and shortly thereafter depart the colony. Suckling and unweaned pups are unable to swim well, and infrequently venture into the water until they wean, though they do cool off at the tidal edge (Codde et al., &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;). Dominant males also spend little time in the water and are mostly preoccupied with either defending their position near or attempting to mate with females. Dominant males, though, occasionally may herd or escort females arriving or departing between harems onshore and deep water to prevent subordinate males from attempting to harass or mate with them (Le Boeuf, &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;), and both sexes will retreat to wet sand and shallow water to cool off during warm weather. Both males and females fast during the breeding season relying on stored energy reserves, with some males fasting up to 4 months, and correspondingly, experience exceptional weight loss (Deutsch et al., &lt;span&gt;1990&lt;/span&gt;). Consequently, males tend to avoid energetically costly actions, especially minimizing movements unrelated to reproduction (L","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.13105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139552867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using fusion effects to decrease uncertainty in distance sampling models when collating data from different surveys 在整理来自不同调查的数据时,利用融合效应降低距离抽样模型的不确定性
IF 2 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13104
Floriane Plard, Hélder Araújo, Amaia Astarloa, Maite Louzao, Camilo Saavedra, José Antonio Vazquez Bonales, Graham John Pierce, Matthieu Authier
{"title":"Using fusion effects to decrease uncertainty in distance sampling models when collating data from different surveys","authors":"Floriane Plard,&nbsp;Hélder Araújo,&nbsp;Amaia Astarloa,&nbsp;Maite Louzao,&nbsp;Camilo Saavedra,&nbsp;José Antonio Vazquez Bonales,&nbsp;Graham John Pierce,&nbsp;Matthieu Authier","doi":"10.1111/mms.13104","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Estimates of population abundance are required to study the impacts of human activities on populations and assess their conservation status. Despite considerable effort to improve data collection, uncertainty around estimates of cetacean densities can remain large. A fundamental concept underlying distance sampling is the detection function. Here we focus on reducing the uncertainty in the estimation of detection function parameters in analyses combining data sets from multiple surveys, with known effects on the precision of density estimates. We developed detection functions using infinite mixture models that can be applied on data collating multiple species and/or surveys. These models enable automatic clustering by fusing the species and surveys with similar detection functions. We present a simulation analysis of a multisurvey data set in a Bayesian framework where we demonstrated that distance sampling models including fusion effects showed lower uncertainty than classical distance sampling models. We illustrated the benefits of this new model using data of line transect surveys from the Bay of Biscay and Iberian Coast. Future estimates of abundance using conventional distance sampling models on large multispecies surveys or on data sets combining multiple surveys could benefit from this new model to provide more precise density estimates.</p>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.13104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139496145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The movement patterns and foraging resources of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) in Franz Josef Land archipelago and connectivity with the Kara-Barents Sea population 弗朗兹约瑟夫地群岛大西洋海象(Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus)的运动模式和觅食资源以及与卡拉-巴伦支海种群的联系
IF 2 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13103
Maria Solovyova, Anna Gebruk, Svetlana Artemyeva, Viatcheslav V. Rozhnov, Artyom Isachenko, Renata Lazareva, Pavel Chukmasov, Dmitry Glazov, Yulia Ermilova, Alexander Kokorin, Maria Mardashova, Nikolay Shabalin
{"title":"The movement patterns and foraging resources of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) in Franz Josef Land archipelago and connectivity with the Kara-Barents Sea population","authors":"Maria Solovyova,&nbsp;Anna Gebruk,&nbsp;Svetlana Artemyeva,&nbsp;Viatcheslav V. Rozhnov,&nbsp;Artyom Isachenko,&nbsp;Renata Lazareva,&nbsp;Pavel Chukmasov,&nbsp;Dmitry Glazov,&nbsp;Yulia Ermilova,&nbsp;Alexander Kokorin,&nbsp;Maria Mardashova,&nbsp;Nikolay Shabalin","doi":"10.1111/mms.13103","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Franz Josef Land population of the Atlantic walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus</i>) remains one of the least studied. Here, 26 walruses were tagged with satellite-linked radio transmitters in Franz Josef Land archipelago and Victoria Island in summer-autumn 2020 and 2021 to assess movements patterns and area utilization. In addition, 65 grab samples were taken to evaluate macrobenthic foraging resources. The mean duration of data records was 53 ± 27 days. The walruses traveled on average 29 ± 13.5 km/day with a mean speed of 1.2 ± 0.6 km/hr. The travel speed and distance were statistically different for male, female, and immature walruses. The individuals tagged on Victoria Island remained in the vicinity of the island, while walruses tagged within the Franz Josef Land archipelago moved between the islands, utilizing the entire area for foraging trips. One walrus migrated from Franz Josef Land to Novaya Zemlya in late November, providing evidence of connectivity with the Kara-Barents Sea population. The area was characterized by high average biomass of macrobenthos. Bivalve mollusks, <i>Hiatella arctica</i>, were dominating macrobenthic biomass, likely being the main foraging resource for the walruses. Further observations are needed to better understand winter behaviors of Franz Josef Land walruses and possible impacts of climate change on movement patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.13103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139476465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intraguild predation in pinnipeds: Southern sea lions prey upon adult female South American fur seals in the Falkland Islands 羽类动物的同群捕食:南方海狮在福克兰群岛捕食成年雌性南美海狗
IF 2.3 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13098
Alastair M. M. Baylis, Kayleigh A. Jones, Rachael A. Orben
{"title":"Intraguild predation in pinnipeds: Southern sea lions prey upon adult female South American fur seals in the Falkland Islands","authors":"Alastair M. M. Baylis,&nbsp;Kayleigh A. Jones,&nbsp;Rachael A. Orben","doi":"10.1111/mms.13098","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Amino acid-specific nitrogen stable isotope analysis reveals the trophic behavior of Icelandic fin whales in winter and suggests variable feeding strategies 氨基酸特异性氮稳定同位素分析揭示了冰岛长须鲸冬季的营养行为,并提出了多变的觅食策略
IF 2 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13097
Diego Rita, Asunción Borrell, Dirk Wodarg, Gísli Víkingsson, Raquel García-Vernet, Alex Aguilar, Natalie Loick-Wilde
{"title":"Amino acid-specific nitrogen stable isotope analysis reveals the trophic behavior of Icelandic fin whales in winter and suggests variable feeding strategies","authors":"Diego Rita,&nbsp;Asunción Borrell,&nbsp;Dirk Wodarg,&nbsp;Gísli Víkingsson,&nbsp;Raquel García-Vernet,&nbsp;Alex Aguilar,&nbsp;Natalie Loick-Wilde","doi":"10.1111/mms.13097","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mms.13097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fin whales (<i>Balaenoptera physalus</i>) aggregate west of Iceland during summer, where they feed mostly on krill, but their winter distribution is poorly known. This study investigates the winter behavior of fin whales that summer off Iceland by analyzing amino acid-specific nitrogen isotope ratios in the baleen plates. This technique is increasingly used in large marine vertebrates to discriminate between changes in trophic position and changes in isotopic baseline levels, while ruling out the effect of fasting on these patterns. Analyses were conducted on samples extracted from two baleen plate segments: one corresponding to winter, another to summer. The trophic position was higher and slightly more variable in winter (3.6 ± 0.7) than in summer (3.0 ± 0.4), which indicates that during winter fin whales tend to feed on fish and are more generalist in feeding habits. Interestingly, the δ<sup>15</sup>N<sub>Phe</sub> values were not lower in winter than in summer (winter: 5.2‰ ± 2.4‰; summer: 4.0‰ ± 2.1‰). This was unexpected because baseline δ<sup>15</sup>N values (e.g., zooplankton) tend to be lower at low latitudes, where fin whales are believed to spend the winter. Fin whales may remain in relatively high latitudes during winter or visit low-latitude areas with locally higher than average δ<sup>15</sup>N values, such as upwelling areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.13097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139034890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Catastrophic mortality of southern elephant seals caused by H5N1 avian influenza H5N1 禽流感导致南象海豹灾难性死亡
IF 2.3 3区 生物学
Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1111/mms.13101
Claudio Campagna, Marcela Uhart, Valeria Falabella, Julieta Campagna, Victoria Zavattieri, Ralph E. T. Vanstreels, Mirtha N. Lewis
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引用次数: 0
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