Mineralium Deposita最新文献

{"title":"Tracing metal sources in W-Sn deposits: Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry in wolframite, scheelite, and cassiterite from the Iberian Variscan Massif, Spain and Portugal","authors":"Iñigo Borrajo,Fernando Tornos,Candela Pita,José M. Fuenlabrada,John M. Hanchar,Elena Crespo","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01479-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01479-8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study presents new TIMS Sr and Nd isotopic analysis of cassiterite, wolframite and scheelite from nine W-(Sn) and six Sn-(Ta-Li) vein-type deposits in the Iberian Variscan Massif, with the aim of constraining the source of metals in these deposits. Scheelite displays high Sr and Nd contents, in the order of tens or hundreds of ppm. In contrast, cassiterite, and wolframite contain much lower concentrations of Rb, Sr, Sm, and Nd (generally < 5 ppm and close to 1 ppm). Despite these low abundances, Sm and Nd are incorporated into their crystal structures through distinct substitution mechanisms, whereas for Rb and Sr it remains uncertain whether they are structurally bound or occur as nanoscale inclusions. On the εNd i vs. 87 Sr/ 86 Sr i diagram at 300 Ma, wolframite, scheelite and cassiterite plot within the isotopic fields defined by nearby Variscan granitoids and pre-Variscan metapelitic and metaigneous rocks of western Iberia. In NW Iberia, εNd 300 Ma values of the mineralization overlap those of S-type and I-type granitic rocks and are less radiogenic than the pre-Variscan metapelitic series, whereas cassiterite and wolframite from southern Iberia match the values of spatially associated S 2 granites. The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr 300 Ma ratios of the ore minerals are more variable and overlap those in Variscan granitoids or align with the more radiogenic isotopic signatures in the host metaigneous and metapelitic rocks. Sulfides, including arsenopyrite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, molybdenite, sphalerite, and stannite, associated with the Sn-W mineralization display δ 34 S values ranging from − 6.1 to + 8‰, overlapping the isotopic ranges of both granites and metapelites, although the extreme values correspond only to metapelitic sources. These results support a polyphasic origin for the deposits, with an early oxide stage formed from magmatic hydrothermal fluids derived from evolved Variscan granitoids, which acted as the main metal source. In contrast, sulfur was largely derived from leaching of metasedimentary and granitic rocks by external fluids and introduced into the system during a later post-magmatic, hydrothermal stages.","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149021329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isotopic and geochemical constraints on lithium enrichment in basinal brines of the Montney Formation, Western Canada Sedimentary Basin","authors":"Brendan A. Bishop, Chunqing Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01477-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01477-w","url":null,"abstract":"Significant lithium (Li) resources have been discovered in sedimentary basin brines across North America, including the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Although the basin’s geology is well characterized through decades of hydrocarbon development, the origin and distribution of Li remain understudied, complicating exploration efforts. The Triassic Montney Formation, a prolific unconventional hydrocarbon play in northeastern British Columbia and west-central Alberta, has been identified as a potential target for brine-hosted Li resources due to elevated concentrations and high volumes of fluid processed related to hydraulic fracturing. In this work, integrated geochemical and isotopic (δD, δ <jats:sup>18</jats:sup> O, <jats:sup>87</jats:sup> Sr/ <jats:sup>86</jats:sup> Sr) data are used to elucidate the Li source and enrichment mechanisms in formation waters of the Montney Formation. Lithium concentrations range from 3.5 to 99.7 mg/L and have little correlation with total dissolved solids (TDS), Mg, K, or Ca. Salinity is interpreted to be derived predominantly from seawater evaporation, and δD vs δ <jats:sup>18</jats:sup> O and <jats:sup>87</jats:sup> Sr/ <jats:sup>86</jats:sup> Sr ratios indicate that Li enrichments are influenced by water–rock interactions. Whereas there was no direct correlation between δ <jats:sup>18</jats:sup> O or <jats:sup>87</jats:sup> Sr/ <jats:sup>86</jats:sup> Sr and Li content, there are isotopic values above which elevated Li concentrations are observed. We interpret that Li is sourced from volcanically derived clay minerals that have been affected by a series of diagenetic reactions including dolomitization, albitization, and illitization which may be linked to other factors such as seawater evaporation, time, basin hydrogeology and stratigraphy, and tectonic setting. We present a framework to describe the generation of Li-rich basinal brines that contributes to the development of a mineral systems approach to assist in the discovery of new brine-hosted Li resources in sedimentary basins.","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discriminating skarn deposits with epidote chemistry: a case study of Dolphin Tungsten (W) Skarn, King Island, Tasmania","authors":"Angela I. S. Costa, David R. Cooke, Yamila Cajal, Lejun Zhang, Charlys V. S. Neves, Henry Schaumburg, Jack Ward, Jeffrey Oalmann, Ivan Belousov, Michael J. Baker","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01478-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01478-9","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates epidote chemistry as a discriminator of and vector to skarn mineralization, based on LA-ICP-MS analyses of epidote from the Devonian Dolphin Tungsten (W) skarn and Neoproterozoic mafic volcanic rocks (up to 6.5 km northeast from the deposit) on King Island, Tasmania. Epidote from the mafic volcanics has distinctive compositions relative to skarn epidote and metamorphic signatures and records a distal footprint of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids &gt; 4.5 km from Dolphin. Exoskarn epidote, replacing garnet during retrograde alteration, has low Fe/Al ratios (&lt; 0.5) and high Sn (mean &gt; 100 ppm) and Bi (mean &gt; 10 ppm). Endoskarn epidote, replaced feldspar phenocrysts and/or occurs in veins, and is enriched in B, Li, As and Sb (mean &gt; 5 ppm). U-Pb dating of exoskarn epidote yielded a 356.7 ± 8.9 Ma age, which is within uncertainty of the Sandblow Granodiorite (~ 351 Ma), whereas the City of Melbourne Bay Volcanics epidote yielded a 394 ± 65 Ma age consistent with the emplacement of the Tabberabberan‑orogeny intrusions in western Tasmania. A comparative analysis, involving a compilation of 6,008 analyses from previous studies, confirms that epidote compositions vary significantly between magmatic-hydrothermal and metamorphic systems. Arsenic is higher in porphyry epidote, Bi is a distinctive tracer of skarn epidote and elevated Sn is characteristic of W-skarn systems. The LREE/HREE ratios in metamorphic epidote (&lt; 5) are typically lower than in magmatic-hydrothermal epidote (&gt; 5). Additionally, the Sn/HREE ratio discriminates epidote associated with W systems (&gt; 25), Cu deposits (1–25) and metamorphic environments (&lt; 1). Our findings confirm that epidote chemistry is a robust tool for evaluating ore potential and distinguishing skarn from porphyry and metamorphic systems.","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148769010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid sources and evolution at the Triangle orogenic gold deposit (Canada): Evidence from in situ oxygen and boron isotope composition of tourmaline and quartz","authors":"Giovanni E. Pedemonte Castro,Bertrand Rottier,Georges Beaudoin,Anne-Sophie Bouvier","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01476-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01476-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148894569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesozoic fluid mixing and Alpine remobilization of Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) F–Ba–Pb–Zn–(Ag) veins in the Grand Châtelard district (Western Alps)","authors":"Maxime Bertauts, Marie-Christine Boiron, Emilie Janots, Magali Rossi, Isabelle Duhamel-Achin, Adrien Vezinet, Valérie Magnin, Chantal Peiffert","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01475-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01475-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the impact of magmatic-hydrothermal processes in phosphate-rich systems: integrated apatite in-situ REE-O-Sr signatures","authors":"Sophie Decrée, Nolwenn Coint, Magdalena H. Huyskens, Eduardo T. Mansur, Jean-Marc Baele, Julien Mercadier, Chantal Peiffert, Katja Sahala, Etienne Deloule","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01474-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01474-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"274 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148682218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of fluorite geochemistry and machine learning to identify critical mineral systems","authors":"Ian W. Hillenbrand","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01472-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01472-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pb-Bi-(Sb)-S sulphidic melts from the VMS Besshi-type Tisová deposit, Czech Republic: mineralogy, chemistry and implications of their formation","authors":"Jan Kamenský, Veronika Tymlová, Jan Dudák, Jan Žemlička, Aneta Kuchařová, Jiří Zachariáš","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01473-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01473-0","url":null,"abstract":"Two types of crystallised melt were identified as tiny, sharply bounded, ellipsoidal inclusions (typically 20–80 µm) in metamorphosed massive pyrrhotite ore (12–14 kbar, ~530–550 °C) from the VMS Besshi-type Tisová deposit. The Pb-Bi-S melt is more abundant than Pb-Bi-(Sb)-S melt. Many inclusions exhibit complex internal eutectic-like intergrowths with enclosing sulphides. Electron-backscatter diffraction revealed crystallographic continuity of pyrrhotite/chalcopyrite across the boundaries of the inclusions, indicating that the Fe-(Cu)-S sulphides enclosed within the blebs were formed by the replacement and recrystallisation of the host sulphides, rather than by the direct crystallisation of the melt. Micro-computed X-ray tomography confirmed the dominance and random distribution of smaller inclusions. It also showed a strong, unidirectional preferred orientation of the longest axis of the inclusions within the metamorphic foliation plane, which is consistent with their ductile deformation shortly after melt crystallisation. Larger and more irregular inclusions are often oriented at an acute angle to the foliation, suggesting their link to the onset of brittle deformation. The estimated bulk compositions of the Pb-Bi-S inclusions are shifted towards galena relative to the experimentally constrained melt fields. We interpret this as selective bismuth loss during a phase of enhanced late metamorphic fluid activity. Our observations support the formation of melts at or near peak metamorphic conditions during the climax of the Variscan orogeny, followed by fluid-related modification(s) during the post-orogenic uplift phase. Our results show that melts may represent an important mechanism for the redistribution of Bi, Pb, Sb during metamorphism of sulphide ores.","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148586790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metallogeny of the Mesoproterozoic Belt-Purcell Basin, Northern Rocky Mountains, USA-Canada","authors":"John F. Slack","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01471-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01471-2","url":null,"abstract":"Metasedimentary rocks of the Mesoproterozoic Belt Supergroup in the United States and correlative Purcell Supergroup in Canada contain diverse types of mineral deposits with a variety of commodities including base metals, precious metals, and critical metals. The economically most important deposits (≥ 10 Mt past production + reserves + resources) are stratabound Pb–Zn–Ag ores at the Sullivan mine in southeastern British Columbia, Ag–Pb–Zn–(Cu) veins of the Coeur d’Alene district in northern Idaho, stratabound sediment-hosted Cu–Ag deposits of the Spar Lake, Montanore, and Rock Creek deposits in western Montana, stratabound Co–Cu–Au–(Bi–Y–REE) ores of the Idaho cobalt belt, and stratiform Cu–Co–Ag at the Black Butte deposit in western Montana. Minor deposits in the region, also hosted in strata of the Belt and Purcell supergroups, are stratabound Pb–Zn–Ag deposits in southeastern British Columbia, and Th–REE–(Cu) veins of the Lemhi Pass district in northern Idaho and western Montana. Small prospects and occurrences include gold-quartz veins, Ag–Pb–Zn veins, Fe–(Cu–Au) deposits, and a variety of rare metals (Th, REE, Nb, Be, Sn) in pegmatites and carbonatites. High-precision geochronology of ore and gangue minerals, like in the Sullivan deposit, has yielded only Mesoproterozoic ages, but other deposits (Blackbird, Rock Creek, Coeur d’Alene, Lemhi Pass) have U–Pb and/or Re–Os ages that suggest Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic, and/or Mesozoic to Tertiary overprinting of older Mesoproterozoic mineralization, possibly linked in some cases to fluid flow during reactivation of deep basement structures. Some of the Paleozoic and younger ages are also attributed here to dissolution-reprecipitation of dated minerals and not to new metal introduction. An integrated assessment of the geochronological data reveals growing evidence for previously underappreciated roles of major mineralizing events occurring during the East Kootenay orogeny (1379 − 1325 Ma) and the Grenvillian orogeny (1150 to 980 Ma), with important implications for mineral exploration in many parts of the Belt-Purcell Basin.","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"246 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148538212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation processes and quality evaluation of natural zeolite deposits in dynamic diagenetic systems of the Janggi Basin, southeastern Korea: implications for zeolite ore exploration","authors":"Changyun Park, Hae-in Lee, Jae-Hwan Kim, Donghoon Chung, Yongmoon Lee, Soojin Lee, Tae-Hee Koo, Insung Kang, Ho Sim, Woohyun Choi, Sung Man Seo","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01470-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01470-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18682,"journal":{"name":"Mineralium Deposita","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148428979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}