Microbiology spectrum最新文献

{"title":"Insights into respiratory microbiome composition and systemic inflammatory biomarkers of bronchiectasis patients.","authors":"Aleksandras Konovalovas, Julija Armalytė, Laurita Klimkaitė, Tomas Liveikis, Brigita Jonaitytė, Edvardas Danila, Daiva Bironaitė, Diana Mieliauskaitė, Edvardas Bagdonas, Rūta Aldonytė","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.04144-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.04144-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human microbiomes, including the ones present in the respiratory tract, are described and characterized in an increasing number of studies. However, the composition and the impact of the healthy and/or impaired microbiome on pulmonary health and its interaction with the host tissues remain enigmatic. In chronic airway diseases, bronchiectasis stands out as a progressive condition characterized by microbial colonization and infection. In this study, we aimed to investigate the microbiome of the lower airways and lungs of bronchiectasis patients together with their serum cytokine and chemokine content, and gain novel insights into the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. The microbiome of 47 patients was analyzed by sequencing of full-length 16S rRNA gene using amplicon sequencing Oxford Nanopore technologies. Their serum inflammatory mediators content was quantified in parallel. Several divergently composed microbiome groups were identified and characterized, the majority of patients displayed one dominant bacterial species, whereas others had a more diverse microbiome. The analysis of systemic immune biomarkers revealed two distinct inflammatory response groups, i.e., low and high response groups, each associated with a specific array of clinical symptoms, microbial composition, and diversity. Moreover, we have identified some microbiome compositions associated with high inflammatory response, i.e., high levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, whereas other microbiomes were in correlation with low inflammatory responses. Although bronchiectasis pathogenetic mechanisms remain to be elucidated, it is clear that addressing microbiome composition in the airways is a valuable resource not only for diagnosis but also for personalized disease management.</p><p><strong>Importance: </strong>The population of microorganisms on/in the human body resides in distinct local microbiomes, including the respiratory microbiome. It remains unclear what defines a healthy and a diseased respiratory microbiome. We investigated the respiratory microbiome in chronic pulmonary infectious disease, i.e., bronchiectasis, and researched correlations between microbiome composition, systemic inflammatory biomarkers, and disease characteristics. The bronchoalveolar microbiome of 47 patients was sequenced, and their serum inflammatory mediators were quantified. The microbiomes were grouped based on their content and diversity. In addition, patients were also grouped into low- and high-response groups according to their inflammatory biomarkers' levels. Certain microbiome compositions, mainly single-species dominated, were associated with high levels of inflammatory cytokines, whereas others correlated with low inflammatory response and remained diverse. We conclude that respiratory microbiome composition is a valuable resource for the diagnostics and personalized management of bronchiectasis, which may include preserving microbiome diversity and introducing possible ","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0414423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics and biodiversity of microbial community among seasons in Shanxi mature vinegar fermentation by semisolid-solid process.","authors":"Chen Li, Rong Kou, Yingying Jia, Xiaojun Fan, Ying Shi, Qihe Chen","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.00231-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00231-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dynamic succession and seasonal characteristics of microbiota throughout the Shanxi mature vinegar (SMV) fermentation by the semisolid-solid process were explored using high-throughput sequencing techniques. The results showed that the richness and diversity of fungi were higher than those of bacteria in a complete seasonal SMV fermentation cycle, and the microbial community was dominated by 11 taxa of bacteria and 16 taxa of fungi. In all four seasons, lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria were the dominant bacteria, while the dominant fungi varied. <i>Saccharomyces</i> and <i>Pichia</i> played an important role in spring. <i>Aspergillus</i> and <i>Issatchenkia</i> were enriched in the summer. <i>Kazachstania</i> was the dominant microorganism in autumn. While <i>Mesenteroides</i> and <i>Meyerozyma</i> were enriched in winter. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis demonstrated that seasonality had a more decisive impact on microbiota composition than the fermentation stage within a season, and the microbiota structure in summer was significantly different from that in the other three seasons. Combined with the highest operational taxonomic units (OTUs) percentage (37%) of summer fungi in the Venn diagrams, it is speculated that the specific fungi may be the root cause for the relatively low SMV quality in summer. This work provided critical insights into the dynamic succession of the microbial community in SMV fermentation from a seasonality view, and the results could enrich our understanding of the microbiota involved in SMV fermentation and guide process control.</p><p><strong>Importance: </strong>Understanding the changes in microbial communities across different seasons is crucial for ensuring the quality of Shanxi mature vinegar (SMV) by the semisolid-solid process. In a complete seasonal cycle, the richness and diversity of fungi were higher than those of bacteria. The microbial community in summer fermentation was significantly different compared to the other three seasons. For example, the dominant microorganisms such as <i>Acetobacter</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> decreased in summer. Screening or modifying this group of bacteria to enhance their tolerance to high fermentation temperature is an approach to improve industrial SMV fermentation. Through co-occurrence network analysis, eight highly connected genera were identified, which may play important roles in ecosystem stability. These results also lay a theoretical foundation for the further development of multi-microbial co-fermentation. This work provides an understanding of SMV fermentation from a seasonal perspective and offers new guidance for the process control of grain vinegar brewing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0023124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting patterns of <i>Asaia</i> association with <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> between field-collected <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> and <i>Anopheles coluzzii</i> from Cameroon.","authors":"Claudine Grâce Tatsinkou Maffo, Maurice Marcel Sandeu, Micareme Tchoupo, Fleuriane Metissa Dondji Kamga, Leon M J Mugenzi, Flobert Njiokou, Grant L Hughes, Charles S Wondji","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.00567-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00567-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The widespread prevalence of <i>Asaia</i> in mosquitoes makes it a potential candidate for paratrangenic control in <i>Anopheles</i>. To better understand whether this bacterium could be used for malaria control, we quantified <i>Asaia</i> in <i>An. gambiae s.l</i> populations in malaria endemic regions examining co-infection with <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>. Adult <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes were collected across two different eco-geographical localities in Cameroon, during both the dry and wet seasons. DNA was extracted from whole individual mosquitoes, and real time-qPCR amplification of the <i>16S ribosomal</i> RNA was used to quantify <i>Asaia</i> in both <i>An. gambiae</i> and <i>An. coluzzii</i> samples. We also detected and quantified <i>P. falciparum</i> infection in the same mosquitoes. The density of <i>Asaia</i> was successfully quantified in a total of 864 field mosquitoes, comprising of 439 <i>An. gambiae</i> from Bankeng and 424 <i>An. coluzii</i> collected from Gounougou. Interestingly, a higher prevalence of <i>Asaia</i> in <i>An. gambiae</i> (88.3%) compared to <i>An. coluzzii</i> (80.9%) was observed. Moreover, the density of <i>Asaia</i> in both species was significantly affected by seasonal changes in the two localities. Furthermore, a significant difference between the infection densities of <i>Asaia</i> and the <i>Plasmodium</i> infection status in the two species was recorded. However, no correlation was observed between the number of <i>Asaia</i> and <i>P. falciparum</i> infections. This study provides evidence that naturally occurring <i>Asaia</i> infection is not correlated to <i>P. falciparum</i> development within <i>An. gambiae</i> and <i>An. coluzzii</i>. Nevertheless, further studies incorporating experimental infections are required to better investigate the correlation between <i>Anopheles</i> mosquitoes, <i>Asaia,</i> and <i>Plasmodium</i>.IMPORTANCEThe symbiont <i>Asaia</i> has emerged as a promising candidate for paratransgenic control of malaria, but further analysis of its biology and genetics across Africa is necessary. In this study, we investigated and quantified the influence of <i>Asaia</i> in naturally infected <i>An. gambiae s.l</i>. populations with the malaria parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole individual mosquitoes collected from two localities, and <i>Asaia</i> was quantified using real-time qPCR by amplification of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. We also detected and quantified <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> infection in the same mosquitoes and established the correlation between <i>Asaia</i> and <i>Plasmodium</i> coinfection. This study provides evidence that naturally occurring <i>Asaia</i> infection is not correlated with <i>P. falciparum</i> development within <i>An. gambiae</i> and <i>An. coluzzii</i> mosquitoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0056724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The PdxR-PdxKU locus involved in vitamin B₆ salvage is important for group A streptococcal resistance to neutrophil killing and survival in human blood.","authors":"Sarah E Davis, Meaghan T Hart, Rezia Era D Braza, Aolani A Perry, Luis A Vega, Yoann S Le Breton, Kevin S McIver","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.01609-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01609-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (Group A <i>Streptococcus</i>, GAS) is a Gram-positive bacterium that inflicts both superficial and life-threatening diseases on its human host. Analysis of fitness using a transposon mutant library revealed that genes predicted to be involved in vitamin B₆ acquisition are associated with fitness in whole human blood. Vitamin B₆ is essential for all life and is important for many cellular functions. In several streptococcal species, it has been shown that mutants in B₆ acquisition exhibited reduced virulence phenotypes and were attenuated during infection. In GAS, B₆ acquisition is believed to be controlled by the <i>pdxR-pdxKU</i> locus, where PdxR is a positive regulator of <i>pdxKU</i>, which encodes for a B₆-substrate kinase and permease, respectively. Mutants in the regulator (Δ<i>pdxR</i>) and salvage machinery (Δ<i>pdxKU</i>) both exhibited modest growth defects when grown in oxygenated conditions with limited vitamin B₆ precursors. ∆<i>pdxR</i> and ∆<i>pdxKU</i> mutants also exhibited an impaired ability to survive when challenged with whole human or mouse blood. This defect was characterized by reduced survival in the presence of human neutrophil-like HL60s, primary polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and antimicrobial peptide LL-37. Promoter analysis showed that PdxR is an autoregulator and activated <i>pdxKU</i> in the absence of B₆. Interestingly, ∆<i>pdxR</i> and ∆<i>pdxKU</i> mutants were not attenuated in mouse models of infection, suggesting a species-specific impact on virulence. Overall, it appears that <i>pdxR-pdxKU</i> is associated with GAS vitamin B₆ metabolism as well as pathogen survival during encounters with the human innate immune system.IMPORTANCEBacterial pathogens such as <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (Group A <i>Streptococcus</i>, GAS) must be able to obtain needed nutrients in their human host. Vitamin B₆ or pyridoxal 5' phosphate is essential for all life and is important for many cellular functions. In other streptococcal pathogens, B₆ acquisition has been shown to be important for their ability to cause disease. Here, we show that loss of the putative vitamin B₆ salvage pathway locus <i>pdxR-pdxKU</i> affects GAS pathogenesis when encountering innate immune responses from phagocytic neutrophils and antimicrobial peptides within the host. <i>pdxR-</i>pdxKU may contribute to oxygen tolerance through B₆; however, there appear to be other mechanisms for salvaging vitamin B₆. Overall, <i>pdxR-pdxKU</i> is associated with GAS resistance to the human innate immune response and oxygen tolerance and contributes modestly to B₆ metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0160924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum for Wang et al., \"Annotation of 2,507 <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> genomes\".","authors":"Meng Wang, Xuan Li, Xian Liu, Xiaoping Hou, Yang He, Jun-Hong Yu, Shumin Hu, Hua Yin, Bin-Bin Xie","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.02374-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02374-24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0237424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antimicrobial potential of traditional remedies of Indigenous peoples from Canada against MRSA planktonic and biofilm bacteria in wound infection mimetic conditions.","authors":"Colin D Rieger, Ahmed M Soliman, Kateryna Kaplia, Nilrup Ghosh, Alexa Cervantes Lopez, Surya Arcot Venkatesan, Abraham Gildaro Guevara Flores, Matheus Antônio Filiol Belin, Florence Allen, Margaret Reynolds, Betty McKenna, Harold Lavallee, Archie Weenie, Thomas Favel, Fidji Gendron, Vincent E Ziffle, Omar M El-Halfawy","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.02341-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02341-24","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Methicillin-resistant &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; (MRSA) is the leading cause of wound infections, often progressing into serious invasive bloodstream infections. MRSA disproportionately affects Indigenous peoples in Canada with higher rates of skin and wound infections, an example of persistent gaps in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples precipitated by the legacy of colonialism. Conversely, Indigenous peoples have long used natural remedies for infections and other diseases; however, their knowledge was rarely considered for modern medicine. The stagnant antibiotic discovery pipeline and alarming rise of resistance to current antibiotics prompted us to turn to Indigenous medicine as an untapped source of antimicrobials. As such, we collected and prepared 85 extracts of medicinal plants of value to Indigenous peoples spanning the Canadian Prairies. We explored the antimicrobial potential of these extracts against MRSA under wound infection-mimetic conditions compared with culture media typically used to study bacterial antibiotic responses and biofilms but not adequately representative of infection sites. We identified extracts with MRSA growth inhibitory [&lt;i&gt;e.g.&lt;/i&gt;, bergamot, dock, gaillardia, and dandelion extracts] and biofilm prevention and eradication [&lt;i&gt;e.g.&lt;/i&gt;, gumweed extracts] activities. Extracts, including those of chokecherry, hoary puccoon, and Northern bedstraw, were only active under wound infection-mimetic conditions, highlighting the benefit of antibiotic discovery under host-relevant conditions. Testing growth inhibitory extracts against an &lt;i&gt;S. aureus&lt;/i&gt; cross-resistance platform suggested that they act through mechanisms likely distinct from known antibiotic classes. Together, through an interdisciplinary partnership leveraging Western approaches and traditional Indigenous knowledge, we identified plant extracts with promising antimicrobial potential for drug-resistant MRSA wound infections.IMPORTANCEWe explored the antimicrobial potential of traditional Indigenous remedies against MRSA under wound infection-mimetic conditions. We chose to tackle MRSA wound infections because they constitute an Indigenous health priority, ensuring mutual benefits and reciprocity, which are important principles in partnerships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers. Our partnerships strive to serve as steps towards reconciliation with Indigenous peoples in Canada and a roadmap inspiring similar interdisciplinary collaborations to tackle other healthcare priorities. We identified extracts with promising antibacterial growth inhibitory, biofilm prevention, and eradication activities against MRSA. The antimicrobial potential of some extracts was only observed under wound infection-mimetic conditions, a proof-of-concept that screening under infection-mimetic conditions reveals novel activity undetected under standard conditions. The natural product antimicrobial extracts discovered herein warrant f","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0234124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of ultrasound-mediated DNA transfer for bacteria and preservation of frozen competent cells.","authors":"Meng Zhang, Rongkang Tang, Fang-Xia Li, Wen-Yu Jin, Jia-Xin Guo, Lin-Zuo Teng, Guangxun Meng, Philippe J Sansonetti, Yi-Zhou Gao","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.00978-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00978-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transformation of DNA into cells is the basis of molecular biology. Commonly employed techniques include heat shock transformation, electro-transformation, conjugation, transduction, and protoplast fusion. Recently, ultrasonic transformation technology has been developed to transfer DNA into competent cells. The transformation conditions, such as temperature and ultrasonic power, were preliminarily studied. However, this technique has not been widely applied because competent cells must be prepared <i>de novo</i>. In this study, various factors, such as ultrasonic frequency and power, were optimized for the ultrasonic transformation of <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The study found that the optimal conditions for ultrasonic transformation with a defined ultrasonic transformation vial were a frequency of 28 kHz and a power of 80 W. Meanwhile, this research demonstrated that combining the 42°C heat shock conditions with ultrasonic transformation is the most efficient method compared to using only heat shock. Furthermore, the cryoprotective agent ratio for ultrasonic competent cells was investigated and optimized. These findings provide new insights into enhancing transformation efficiency and lay a foundation for the broader application of ultrasonic transformation.</p><p><strong>Importance: </strong>Plasmid transformation is widely applicable in gene expression and modification. As an efficient, non-invasive, and gentle method of transformation, ultrasonic transformation provides a novel approach for strain modification. This research presents new strategies for enhancing transformation efficiency and lays the groundwork for expanding the utilization of ultrasonic transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0097824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypic and phylogeographic insights into a pre-epidemic variant of Wesselsbron virus detected in sylvatic <i>Aedes mcintoshi</i> from Semuliki Forest, Uganda.","authors":"Georg Joachim Eibner, Selina Laura Graff, Christian Hieke, James Robert Ochieng, Anne Kopp, Christian Drosten, Julius Lutwama, Innocent Bidason Rwego, Sandra Junglen","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.00914-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00914-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wesselsbron virus (WSLV) is a neglected mosquito-borne virus within the yellow fever subgroup in the genus <i>Orthoflavivirus</i> of the <i>Flaviviridae</i> family. Despite being primarily a veterinary pathogen able to cause stillbirths, congenital malformations, and mortality in ruminants, WSLV also infects humans, causing a usually self-limiting febrile illness, or may lead to neurological complications in rare cases. WSLV causes sporadic outbreaks in Southern Africa, but findings in mosquitoes from other African countries suggest a wider distribution. Here, we report the detection and isolation of WSLV from an <i>Aedes mcintoshi</i> mosquito collected in a pristine ecosystem within Semuliki National Park, western Uganda. The detected strain M5937-UG-2018 was impaired in infectivity, replication, and production of infectious particles in cell lines derived from different hosts compared to an epidemic reference strain, SA H177. Full-genome sequencing by next-generation sequencing from the mosquito homogenate revealed a maximum nucleotide identity of 98.1% to a WSLV isolate from a human sample collected in South Africa in 1996. M5937-UG-2018 grouped in phylogenetic analyses with strains from South Africa and Senegal. Reconstruction of the temporal and spatial dispersal of WSLV across Africa estimated a likely origin of WSLV in South Africa in the early 19th century and spread in Southern Africa in the following decades. Long-distance movement toward Western and Eastern Africa was modeled to have occurred in the early 21st century. However, displacing the origin of M5937-UG-2018 did not decrease the likelihood of the model supporting the hypothesis that WSLV is widely distributed in Africa.IMPORTANCEWSLV is a neglected mosquito-borne virus causing teratogenicity in ruminants and febrile illness in humans. WSLV is mainly endemic to Southern Africa, but findings in other regions suggest a wider distribution on the continent. Knowledge of the distribution of WSLV is impaired as differential diagnostics are rarely performed in livestock and humans presenting with symptoms compatible with WSLV infection. Our work investigating viral infections in mosquitoes from a remote tropical rainforest region demonstrates that WSLV is endemic in Uganda. The isolated virus was less infective and showed lower replication ability <i>in vitro</i> compared to an epidemic isolate from South Africa. Phylogeographic reconstruction of spatial and temporal movements, along with the displacement of the origin of the newly detected strain<b>,</b> suggests that WSLV may be widely distributed across Africa. Our data show that the geographic distribution of WSLV and its impact on human and animal health are likely underestimated.</p>","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0091424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doxifluridine effectively kills antibiotic-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"Lianshen Zhang, Yingzhang Zhang, Lijie Tian, Qiang Shen, Xiaolong Ma","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.01805-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01805-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, often exacerbated by infections such as methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA). The rise in antibiotic-resistant strains complicates treatment and underscores the need for novel therapeutic drugs. In this paper, we further investigated the antimicrobial potential of a fluoropyrimidine anticancer drug doxifluridine against multidrug-resistant <i>S. aureus</i>. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) or minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), monitoring of growth curve, time-kill assays, biofilm bactericidal assays, and chequerboard studies were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of doxifluridine. Safety was assessed via hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays, and an <i>in vivo Galleria mellonella</i> larvae model was employed to test protective effects. Doxifluridine demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against clinical multidrug resistance (MDR) <i>S. aureus</i> isolates, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.5 to 2 µg/mL and 1 to 4 µg/mL, respectively. The results revealed doxifluridine's potent bactericidal effects within 8 hours. Moreover, doxifluridine-treated bacteria showed a substantial reduction in biofilm mass and viability. Furthermore, chequerboard assays indicated synergistic interactions between doxifluridine and other antibiotics, reducing MIC values by two- to eightfold. More importantly, safety evaluations confirmed that doxifluridine did not exhibit hemolytic toxicity or cytotoxicity. Finally, doxifluridine significantly increased the survival rate of MRSA-infected <i>G. mellonella</i> larvae <i>in vivo</i>. In brief, doxifluridine exhibited promising <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> antibacterial activity against MRSA, suggesting its potential as a repurposed drug for treating resistant bacterial infections in COPD patients.IMPORTANCEThe study provides robust evidence for the antibacterial efficacy of doxifluridine against Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Its rapid action, ability to disrupt biofilms, and synergistic effects with other antibiotics, combined with a favorable safety profile, highlight its potential as a repurposed therapeutic agent. Future clinical trials will be essential to confirm these findings and pave the way for its integration into clinical practice. This work not only provides candidate for tackling the management of bacterial infections in COPD but also exemplifies the potential of drug repurposing in combating antibiotic-resistant infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0180524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction for Pérez-Viso et al., \"A long-term survey of <i>Serratia</i> spp. bloodstream infections revealed an increase of antimicrobial resistance involving adult population\".","authors":"Blanca Pérez-Viso, Marta Hernández-García, Concepción M Rodríguez, Miguel D Fernández-de-Bobadilla, María Isabel Serrano-Tomás, Ana María Sánchez-Díaz, José Avendaño-Ortiz, Teresa M Coque, Patricia Ruiz-Garbajosa, Rosa Del Campo, Rafael Cantón","doi":"10.1128/spectrum.02425-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02425-24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18670,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology spectrum","volume":" ","pages":"e0242524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}