Medical Research Archives最新文献

{"title":"Nutritional value of cane broth and nutraceutical potential of Caná – cane broth´s fermented drink","authors":"Amazile Maia","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i9.4451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i9.4451","url":null,"abstract":"Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugarcane and its juice is used mainly for the production of sugar, fuel alcohol and industrial cachaça. To a lesser extent, thousands of producers cultivate sugarcane on a rural scale, for the production of alembic cachaça, brown sugar, rapadura and molasses. In recent years, however, these producers have been looking for options that, in addition to expanding the range of products, allow them to add more value to their properties and sugarcane fields. In this context, the feasibility of producing fermented sugarcane juice as a final drink, similar to grape wine, has been considered. The market potential of this beverage has been markedly expanded as a result of recent research, which proved the presence of phytoactive substances in sugarcane juice, such as apigenin, luteolin and asterin, among others. Continuing these works - which have already made it possible to scientifically support millenary practices related to the use of sugarcane juice in Ayuvedic medicine - is very important, both to reinforce the appreciation of sugarcane juice in the human diet and to enable the classification of the fermented sugarcane juice as a beverage with functional activity, following the example of the recognition already won by wines that come from the fermentation of grape juice. To contribute in this direction, an update is presented in the scope of the chemical composition of the sugarcane juice, highlighting the main phytoactives already characterized.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135914361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucose Transporter-1 and Tumor Size Affect Assessment in Gastric Cancer on SPECT","authors":"Chenqing Yin, Yule Nan, Ju Yang","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i9.4489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i9.4489","url":null,"abstract":"Background: GLUT-1 expression is the crucial parameter affecting gastric cancer 18-FDG absorption is still controversial. This study is to explore the significance of GLUT-1 in gastric cancer 18-FDG SPECT. Material/Methods: The gastric cancer samples of 134 patients with preoperative 18-FDG SPECT were assessed by GLUT-1 immunohistochemi­cal staining. The clinicopathological information of enrolled patients were analyzed with univariate and regression analyses. Results: The SUVmax in positive GLUT-1 expression was significantly higher than that in negative expression (5.136±3.088 vs 4.003±3.604, p=0.004). Tumor diameter (OR 1.415, p=0.005) and GLUT-1 expression level(OR 1.683, p=0.041) were the factors associated with imaging results by visual assessment, independently. Tumor diameter was independent factor associated with SUVmax in positive imaging cases (p=0.029). Tumor diameter(p=0.003) and tumor differentiation(p=0.026) were independent factors related to SUVmax in differentiated carcinoma cases. Conclusions: GLUT-1 expression level is major factor determining 18-FDG uptake of gastric cancer on SPECT. It is necessary to verify the result with PET/CT. Further investigation on analysis GLUT-1 expression in lesions of gastric cancer metastases and recurrences is required.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135914627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testosterone Level and Risk of Diabetes: Follow-Up Study","authors":"Babak Rezanezhad, Rasmus Borgquist, Saad Elzanaty","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i9.4473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i9.4473","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Epidemiological studies have documented an inverse relationship between testosterone levels and risk of cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to explore the association between testosterone levels and risk of developing diabetes mellitus from 108 middle-aged men with no history of medical diseases. Methods: Data regarding the age of subjects, smoking, alcohol consumption, waist-to-hip ratio, and family history of cardiovascular disease were collected at the time of inclusion. Testosterone levels were also measured. 15 years later the medical history of the men was reviewed to record the development of medical incidents with references to diabetes mellitus. Two groups of men were identified based on testosterone levels: hypogonadal (testosterone ≤12 nmol/L) and eugonadal (testosterone >12 nmol/L). Results: In total, 10 (9.0%) out of 108 men developed diabetes during the 15-year follow-up period, of whom 6 (16%) out of 37 and 4 (6%) out of 71 were men in the hypogonadal and eugonadal cohorts respectively (p=0.08). Using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, the adjusted risk for diabetes was significantly lower in eugonadal men compared to hypogonadal men (adjusted hazard ratio=0.236; 95% CI=0.062–0.898; P=0.03). Conclusion: Our results showed a significant increased risk of diabetes in men with low testosterone levels compared to men with normal testosterone.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135953284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A A Spiking Model of Cell Assemblies: Short Term and Associative Memory","authors":"Christian Huyck","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i9.4406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i9.4406","url":null,"abstract":"Cell Assemblies are the neural basis of both long and short term memories. Cell Assemblies, whose neurons persistently fire, are active short term memories while the neurons are firing, and the memory ceases to be active when the neurons stop firing. This paper provides simulations of excitatory spiking neurons with small world topologies that persist for several hundred milliseconds. Extending this model to include short term depression allows the Cell Assemblies to persist for several seconds, a reasonable psychological duration. These Cell Assemblies are combined in a simple associative memory so that when three Cell Assemblies are associated, ignition of two causes the third to ignite, while pairs of un-associated Cell Assemblies do not lead to the ignition of other Cell Assemblies. This mechanism has a larger capacity than a Hopfield net. The simulations provide a simple neurally based simulation model of short term and associative memory. A discussion of the current psychological theories, other mechanisms for short term memory, the strengths and weaknesses of the paper's simulated models, and proposed challenges are also provided.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135953310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of public transport on the diffusion of COVID-19 pandemic in Lombardy during 2020","authors":"Francesca Ieva, Greta Galliani, Piercesare Secchi","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i9.4356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i9.4356","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the world, affecting health, economy, education, and social behavior. Much concern was raised about the role of mobility in the diffusion of the disease, with particular attention to public transport. Indeed, understanding the relationship between mobility and the pandemic is key for developing effective public health interventions and policy decisions. In this work, we aim to understand how mobility, and more specifically mobility by public transport, has affected the diffusion of the pandemic at the regional scale. We focus our attention on Lombardy, the most populated Italian region severely hit by the pandemic in 2020. We explore static mobility data provided by Regione Lombardia, the regional service district, and dynamic mobility data provided by Trenord, a railway operator which serves Lombardy and neighboring areas. We develop an inventive pipeline for the dynamic estimation of Origin-Destination matrices obtained from tickets and passenger counts. This allows us to spot potential triggers in pandemic diffusion enhanced by the concept of proximity induced by mobility. We also develop a novel perspective for assessing the relationship between mobility and overall mortality based upon a functional approach combined with a spatial correlation analysis aimed at identifying the diversified effects on mortality in small geographical areas as a result of the restrictions on mobility introduced to contrast the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135954750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Improvements in Dementia Care for an Expectably Increasing Number of Dementia People: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Ana Valverde, Henrique Lopes, José Pavão, Raquel Barros, Bruna Meira, Margarida Albuquerque","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i10.4518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i10.4518","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aging, low literacy, and vascular risk factors are agents to boost or maintain the numbers, with more and more elevated costs for informal caregivers and society. Widely public health priority recognition implies changes and challenges in some European countries involving political engagement, needs that in dementia care are unmet. A preliminary diagnosis of the gaps and a prioritization of strategies to be implemented in Portugal should be addressed. The World Health Organization framework for meaningful engagement could work, as it has already done for other chronic diseases to reach some of the goals to improve healthcare. Methods: A review of the current situation and some of the initiatives delivered through healthcare professionals with recognized experience in dementia areas and patients’ associations, in a South Europe country over the last few years. In view of the remaining gaps, proposals from the literature will be provided to improve care experiences. Conclusion: We defend that is essential that Portugal deepen patient-centered care, integrated care pathways, and equal access for rural or marginalized populations to specialist assessment for an early diagnosis. Improving the quality of dementia care in care homes or managing a dementia care program to link resources for patients and caregivers, are key themes that need proactive preparation for the coming years. We present 8 recommendations for dementia care in Portugal.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normal Appearing White Matter N-Acetylaspartate Changes Impact on Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Vasilena Petrova, Latchesar Traykov","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i10.4613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i10.4613","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fatigue is one of the most frequent complaints presented by multiple sclerosis patients. Fatigue may be multifactorial. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have shown significant reductions in N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratios in multiple brain regions among fatigued multiple sclerosis patients in comparison to non-fatigued multiple sclerosis patients, suggesting axonal loss as a contributing factor. Females are twice as likely to develop the disease. Aim: To evaluate gender variability in fatigue scores in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. To explore potential gender differences in metabolite profiles of normal appearing white matter. To correlate metabolite changes distribution with fatigue severity and to evaluate the gender impact. Methods: We enrolled 50 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients on disease modifying treatment and 28 healthy controls. All participants underwent proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of normal appearing white matter corresponding regions and fatigue severity evaluation. Results: We found higher fatigue scores in the multiple sclerosis group, due to greater severity in female subjects. We found a significant decrease of N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio with increase in N-acetylaspartate, choline, and creatine levels in multiple sclerosis subjects. N-acetylaspartate and choline levels were significantly higher in the multiple sclerosis males. Female multiple sclerosis patients presented with lower N-acetylaspartate levels than healthy controls and greater increases in Fatigue Severity Scale score. Regression analysis revealed metabolite specific relationships between fatigue against metabolite variables. Conclusion: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy registered differences in metabolite profiles in normal appearing white matter male and female multiple sclerosis subjects. We might presume gender dependent specifiers in metabolite profiles in relapsing- remitting multiple sclerosis. They impact fatigue severity. N- acetyaspartate might be crucial contributor in central fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Bioenergetic role of N-acetylaspartate needs further collaborative research on genetics and electrical properties of neurons to reveal the underlying mechanism of fatigue and conductivity deterioration.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135446371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pressure on Appointments in General Practice: Relieved Through Joint Consultations","authors":"Kah Lee, Jennifer Loke","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i10.4579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i10.4579","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obtaining appointments at a general practice was critical for reducing avoidable hospital admissions, and ultimately saving healthcare costs. In the United Kingdom (UK), problematic access of appointments at individual general practices persisted resulting from increasing health complexities in primary care, which were exacerbated by shortages of medical doctors as general practitioners (GP). The UK government pursued the employing of care-coordinators at primary care networks to allocate care to non-GP health professionals as a solution, but patient demand for GP appointments at individual practices continued to surge. Aims: This paper reports on an investigation of the ideal way to address patient demand on GP appointments at individual practices. It aimed to report on the effects of two newly implemented joint consultations, one comprising a nursing team and another, a multi-disciplinary team comprising medical doctors and nursing personnel. Methods: Three reviews were conducted in a 3500 patient-list-sized GP practice located in North-Eastern part of England. The aim was to analyse retrospective data of the telephony system to explore the effect of joint consultations on demand of GP appointments that were made through the telephony system. The number and lengths of incoming telephone calls to secure GP or nursing appointments at the practice were analysed descriptively. The periods of analysis were from January to August in the years 2021, 2022 and 2023. Results: Since implementation of the two joint consultations, there was a 32% reduction in telephone calls for GP appointments. There was also a shortening of the duration of these telephone calls and decreasing trends of missed calls. The increased lengths of calls towards the tail end of the 3rd review period in 2023 demonstrated increased patient awareness and cooperation for in-depth discussions about their symptoms prior to securing appointments. Conclusions: The joint consultations had significantly decreased patient demands for GP appointments via telephone. In addition, the joint consultations had not only allowed holistic care needs to be addressed, but also, they had permitted appropriate care to be delivered in a timely fashion. It is therefore important to ensure appropriate healthcare funding to support the implementation of joint consultations at individual GP practices.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135446374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsive Neurostimulation Effects Significant Seizure Reduction Without Resection in Medically Refractory Epilepsy Involving Occipital Networks. A Retrospective Review of a Case Series","authors":"Joel Oster, James Kryzanski","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i10.4492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i10.4492","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The goal of this work is to retrospectively and qualitatively describe a case series of two (2) patients with Occipital Epilepsy Networks treated with Responsive Neurostimulation Method: A retrospective qualitative review of two (2) clinical cases is presented and clinicopathologic features and quantitative Responsive Neurostimulation datasets and associated variables are analyzed for review Results: Significant and incremental seizure reduction occurred post RNS placement and this report highlights these 2 cases. One patient exhibited no seizures subsequently 2.5 years post Responsive Neurostimulation placement (Engel class I) and another patient became almost free of seizures except for the occurance of fleeting and occasional visual auras approximately 2 years post Responsive Neurostimulation placement (Engel class II). This report highlights that these 2 cases exhibited good clinical outcome after Responsive Neurostimulation placement for epilepsy localized to onset zones in occipital networks.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135446630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Laparoscopic Surgery in the English-Speaking Caribbean and Progress Amidst a Mix of Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Shamir Cawich","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i10.4640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i10.4640","url":null,"abstract":"This discursive paper recounts the history of laparoscopic surgery in the English-Speaking Caribbean since the first recorded procedure in 1991. We discuss the challenges faced by early laparoscopic surgeons and analyze how they seized opportunities to overcome barriers against laparoscopy. This paper is important as it can serve as a template for development of laparoscopic surgery in other low-resource areas across the globe.","PeriodicalId":18641,"journal":{"name":"Medical Research Archives","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135448770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}