Molecular & general genetics : MGG最新文献

A novel member of the Swi6p family of fission yeast chromo domain-containing proteins associates with the centromere in vivo and affects chromosome segregation. 裂变酵母含染色质结构域蛋白Swi6p家族的一个新成员在体内与着丝粒结合并影响染色体分离。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000338

D Halverson, G Gutkin, L Clarke

{"title":"A novel member of the Swi6p family of fission yeast chromo domain-containing proteins associates with the centromere in vivo and affects chromosome segregation.","authors":"D Halverson, G Gutkin, L Clarke","doi":"10.1007/s004380000338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004380000338","url":null,"abstract":"We previously used a genetic approach to identify a new class of Schizosaccharomyces pombe genes (chromosome loss when overexpressed; clo genes) that, when present in elevated dosage, cause the loss of an otherwise stable cen1 linear minichromosome at high rates. Here we report the identities of two clo genes; one encodes histone H3.3 and the other, designated clo2, encodes a novel protein with significant homology to fission yeast Swi6p, human and Drosophila HP1 heterochromatin proteins, and other chromo domain-containing proteins. Members of this group have been shown to localize to heterochromatic DNA, including centromeres, and to play roles in chromatin formation and organization. The S. pombe Clo2 protein localizes to centromere DNA in vivo, and overexpression of clo2 leads to a dramatic increase in the rate of mitotic loss of an artificial chromosome. Clo2p is not essential for mitotic growth, however, even in cells that also lack Swi6p. Thus, fission yeast appears to utilize multiple, functionally redundant, HP1-related proteins for heterochromatin-associated activities at centromeres and perhaps elsewhere in the genome.","PeriodicalId":18636,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & general genetics : MGG","volume":"264 4","pages":"492-505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004380000338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21950323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Conservation of RNA editing between rice and maize plastids: are most editing events dispensable? 水稻和玉米质体之间的 RNA 编辑保护：大多数编辑事件是否可有可无？

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000295

S Corneille, K Lutz, P Maliga

引用次数: 106

Mutation of the C-terminal leucine residue of PP2Ac inhibits PR55/B subunit binding and confers supersensitivity to microtubule destabilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PP2Ac c端亮氨酸残基突变抑制PR55/B亚基结合，并赋予酿酒酵母微管不稳定的超敏感性。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000302

D R Evans, B A Hemmings

{"title":"Mutation of the C-terminal leucine residue of PP2Ac inhibits PR55/B subunit binding and confers supersensitivity to microtubule destabilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.","authors":"D R Evans, B A Hemmings","doi":"10.1007/s004380000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004380000302","url":null,"abstract":"Protein phosphatase 2A is ubiquitous among eukaryotes and exists as a family of holoenzymes in which the catalytic subunit. PP2Ac, binds a variety of regulatory subunits. Using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisia, we have investigated the role of the phylogenetically invariant C-terminal leucine residue of PP2Ac, which, in mammalian cells, undergoes reversible methylation and modulates binding of the PR55/B subunit. In S. cerevisiae, the C-terminal Leu-377 residue of Pph22p (equivalent to human PP2Ac Leu-309) was dispensable for cell growth under optimum conditions and its removal, or substitution by alanine, did not inhibit PP2A activity in vitro. However, Leu-377 is required for binding of the yeast PR55/B subunit, Cdc55p, by Pph22p, though apparently not for the binding of Rts1p, the yeast PR61/B' subunit. Furthermore, mutation of this leucine enhanced the sensitivity of cells to microtubule destabilization, a defect characteristic of cdc55delta mutant cells, which are impaired for spindle checkpoint function. These results demonstrate that the regulation of PP2A, mediated by PR55/B binding to the highly conserved PP2Ac C-terminus, is critical for cell viability under conditions of microtubule damage and support a role for PP2A in exit from mitosis.","PeriodicalId":18636,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & general genetics : MGG","volume":"264 4","pages":"425-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004380000302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21951546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Transcriptional analysis of the gene for glutamine synthetase II and two upstream genes in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). colcolcolor链霉菌A3中谷氨酰胺合成酶II基因和两个上游基因的转录分析(2)。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000315

N Weisschuh, D Fink, S Vierling, M J Bibb, W Wohlleben, A Engels

{"title":"Transcriptional analysis of the gene for glutamine synthetase II and two upstream genes in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).","authors":"N Weisschuh, D Fink, S Vierling, M J Bibb, W Wohlleben, A Engels","doi":"10.1007/s004380000315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004380000315","url":null,"abstract":"The glutamine synthetase II (GSII, encoded by glnII) activity detectable in crude extracts from Streptomyces coelicolor is low compared to the activity of glutamine synthetase I (GSI, encoded by glnA) and to that of GSII from S. viridochromogenes. We have identified and sequenced a 3.9-kb BglII-BamHI fragment carrying the glutamine synthetase II gene (glnII) from S. coelicolor. Besides glnII, this region contains four ORFs (orf1-orf4). While homologues of orf1 and orf2 were also found in the glnII region of the S. viridochromogenes chromosome, this was not the case for orf3 and orf4, which encode a putative hydrolase and a transcriptional regulator (Ptr) of the MarR family, respectively. High-resolution S1 nuclease mapping showed that the S. coelicolor glnII gene is expressed from two overlapping promoters. The first comprises a vegetative promoter sequence and the second contains sequence elements that are recognized by Esigma31. Similar promoter structures were found upstream of the S. viridochromogenes glnII gene. The involvement of ptr in glnII regulation was studied by gel retardation assays. Recombinant Ptr interacted with the upstream region of ptr, but not with the promoter region of glnII. A ptr gene replacement mutant (S. coelicolor IP) was also constructed. RT-PCR analysis of RNA from wild-type S. coelicolor and the IP mutant demonstrated that expression of orf3 depends on Ptr. Thus, the difference in gene organization between S. coelicolor and S. viridochromogenes is not responsible for the difference in GSII activity.","PeriodicalId":18636,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & general genetics : MGG","volume":"264 4","pages":"461-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004380000315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21951550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

The Arabidopsis PHD-finger protein SHL is required for proper development and fertility. 拟南芥博士指蛋白SHL是正常发育和生育所必需的。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000313

C Müssig, A Kauschmann, S D Clouse, T Altmann

引用次数: 33

Isolation and analysis of fluP, a gene associated with hyphal growth and sporulation in Aspergillus parasiticus. 寄生曲霉菌丝生长和产孢相关基因fluP的分离与分析。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000335

R Zhou, R Rasooly, J E Linz

{"title":"Isolation and analysis of fluP, a gene associated with hyphal growth and sporulation in Aspergillus parasiticus.","authors":"R Zhou, R Rasooly, J E Linz","doi":"10.1007/s004380000335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004380000335","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxins (AF) are polyketide-derived mycotoxins that frequently contaminate food and feed crops, causing health risks to animals and humans. The fluP gene was cloned by screening an Aspergillus parasiticus genomic DNA library with a cDNA probe encoding part of a polyketide synthase (PKS), the 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase (MSAS) from Penicillium patulum. FluP was hypothesized to function as a PKS in AF biosynthesis. The predicted amino acid sequence of FluP demonstrated a high degree of identity to MSAS (55%), moderate identity to another fungal PKS protein encoded by wA from A. nidulans (22%) and low identity (<5%) to fungal fatty acid synthase (FAS) proteins. Disruption of fluP in A. parasiticus resulted in the loss of fluP transcript, a 3- to 4-fold reduction in hyphal growth rate, the appearance of a fluffy, cotton-like hyphal morphology, reduction or elimination of asexual spores and spore-bearing structures, and a twofold reduction in aflatoxin accumulation. Removal of selective pressure on fluP knockout transformants resulted in frequent reversion (10%) to the wild-type genotype and phenotype, establishing a direct link between gene disruption and the associated phenotype. The data suggest that fluP encodes a novel PKS associated with hyphal growth and cell development (sporulation), whose activity indirectly influences aflatoxin accumulation in A. parasiticus.","PeriodicalId":18636,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & general genetics : MGG","volume":"264 4","pages":"514-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004380000335","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21950325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

A Neurospora crassa Arp1 mutation affecting cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin localization. 粗神经孢子虫Arp1突变影响细胞质动力蛋白和动力蛋白定位。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000304

P F Minke, I H Lee, J H Tinsley, M Plamann

{"title":"A Neurospora crassa Arp1 mutation affecting cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin localization.","authors":"P F Minke, I H Lee, J H Tinsley, M Plamann","doi":"10.1007/s004380000304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004380000304","url":null,"abstract":"Of the actin-related proteins, Arp1 is the most similar to conventional actin, and functions solely as a component of the multisubunit complex dynactin. Dynactin has been identified as an activator of the microtubule-associated motor cytoplasmic dynein. The role of Arp1 within dynactin is two-fold: (1) it serves as a structural scaffold protein for other dynactin subunits; and (2) it has been proposed to link dynactin, and thereby dynein, with membranous cargo via interaction with spectrin. Using the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, we have identified genes encoding subunits of cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin. In this study, we describe a genetic screen for N. crassa Arp1 (ro-4) mutants that are defective for dynactin function. We report that the ro-4(E8) mutant is unusual in that it shows alterations in the localization of cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin and in microtubule organization. In the mutant, dynein/dynactin complexes co-localize with bundled microtubules at hyphal tips. Given that dynein transports membranous cargo from hyphal tips to distal regions, the cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin complexes that accumulate along microtubule tracts at hyphal tips in the ro-4(E8) mutant may have either reduced motor activity or be delayed for activation of motor activity following cargo binding.","PeriodicalId":18636,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & general genetics : MGG","volume":"264 4","pages":"433-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004380000304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21951547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Pericentromeric regions containing 1.688 satellite DNA sequences show anti-kinetochore antibody staining in prometaphase chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. 黑腹果蝇前中期染色体含1.688个卫星DNA序列的着丝粒周围区显示抗着丝粒抗体染色。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000331

J P Abad, M Agudo, I Molina, A Losada, P Ripoll, A Villasante

引用次数: 29

A Neurospora double-strand-break repair gene, mus-11, encodes a RAD52 homologue and is inducible by mutagens. 神经孢子双链断裂修复基因mu -11编码RAD52同源基因，可被诱变剂诱导。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000342

Y Sakuraba, A L Schroeder, C Ishii, H Inoue

{"title":"A Neurospora double-strand-break repair gene, mus-11, encodes a RAD52 homologue and is inducible by mutagens.","authors":"Y Sakuraba, A L Schroeder, C Ishii, H Inoue","doi":"10.1007/s004380000342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004380000342","url":null,"abstract":"We isolated a Neurospora crassa cDNA that encodes a Rad52 homologue (ncRAD52) by PCR, using degenerate primers. RFLP mapping demonstrated that the cloned gene is located close to the ro-4 locus on the right arm of linkage group V (LGVR). In a second experiment, we used sib selection to identify a cosmid clone containing the mus-11 gene in a N. crassa genomic library. Fine-scale mapping of the mus-11 mutant showed the gene order on LGVR near ro-4 to be: ad-7 - (9.5 mu) - pab-2 (7.8 mu) - mus-11 - (3.7 mu) - inv. The nucleotide sequence of the mus-11 gene matched that of the ncRAD52 cDNA. Thus, the mus-11 gene encodes the Rad52 homologue. The deduced amino acid sequence of the MUS11 protein shows 32.0% and 27.5% overall identity to the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rad22 protein and the human hRad52 protein, respectively, and a higher level of identity (55-66%) within the conserved N-terminal region (141 residues). The MUS11 protein shows homology to Rad52 from budding yeast only within the N-terminal region (53.2% identity over 141 amino acids) which is conserved among Rad52 homologues. Yeast two-hybrid analysis reveals that the MUS11 protein binds to both the MEI-3 protein, a Rad51 homologue, and to itself in vivo. An ncRAD52 mutant obtained by the RIPping procedure showed the same sensitivity as the original mus-11 mutant to the following mutagens and chemicals: UV light, 4NQO (4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide), MMS (methyl methanesulfonate), EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate), MNNG (N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine), TBHP (tert-butyl hydroperoxide), HU (hydroxyurea) and histidine. Unlike the RAD52 transcript in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the mus-11 transcript could not be detected in mycelium under normal growth conditions, but expression of the gene was induced by UV irradiation or treatment with MMS.","PeriodicalId":18636,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & general genetics : MGG","volume":"264 4","pages":"392-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004380000342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21952254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Simultaneous reduction of the activity of two related enzymes, involved in early steps of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, by a single antisense cDNA in transgenic rice. 在转基因水稻中，通过一个反义cDNA同时降低多胺生物合成途径早期两个相关酶的活性。

Molecular & general genetics : MGG Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s004380000317

T Capell, L Bassie, L Topsom, E Hitchin, P Christou

{"title":"Simultaneous reduction of the activity of two related enzymes, involved in early steps of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, by a single antisense cDNA in transgenic rice.","authors":"T Capell, L Bassie, L Topsom, E Hitchin, P Christou","doi":"10.1007/s004380000317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s004380000317","url":null,"abstract":"Transgenic rice cell lines transformed with a heterologous cDNA derived from the arginine decarboxylase gene of oat, in an antisense orientation, exhibited significant (P < 0.05) down-regulation of the activity of the endogenous arginine and ornithine decarboxylases, compared to wild type and controls transformed only with the selectable marker (hpt). Changes in enzyme activity were reflected in a marked decrease in the level of putrescine (P < 0.001) and spermidine (P < 0.01) but not spermine (P > 0.05) in the majority of cell lines analyzed. In agreement with previous results, we confirmed that cell lines with low levels of polyamines exhibited normal morphogenic responses. In vegetative tissue at the whole plant level no significant variation (P > 0.05) in polyamine levels was observed. However, we measured significant reductions (P < 0.001) in putrescine levels in seeds derived from three out of five plants analyzed in detail. Thus, simultaneous reduction of the activity of the two alternative enzymes in the early steps of the polyamine pathway results in significant reduction in end-product accumulation in the seeds of transgenic plants.","PeriodicalId":18636,"journal":{"name":"Molecular & general genetics : MGG","volume":"264 4","pages":"470-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s004380000317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21950320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25