IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Sistemas Nacionales de Categorización de Investigadores en Iberoamérica: la configuración de un modelo regional (National Researcher Classification Systems in Ibero-America: The Emergence of a Regional Model)","authors":"Federico Vasen, N. Sarthou, Silvina Romano, B. Gutiérrez, M. Ortíz, Manuel Pintos","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3891052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3891052","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish Abstract: Desde la década de 1960 se han creado en la región iberoamericana diferentes mecanismos de evaluación de la investigación. En este trabajo ponemos foco en los sistemas orientados a clasificar y reconocer a los individuos en base a su perfomance pasada en investigación. Estos instrumentos de política, que denominamos Sistemas Nacionales de Categorización de Investigadores (SNCI), están presentes en la mayoría de los países de la región. En el presente trabajo analizamos la estructura de 12 sistemas en 11 países, y proponemos una definición que contempla características comunes y variables. Como principales hallazgos, señalamos que: (a) el instrumento está plenamente vigente en el contexto regional, (b) se otorga gran peso a la evaluación a nivel individual -antes que departamental o institucional-, y (c) el instrumento privilegia la investigación académica clásica y tensiona con la orientación general de las políticas de CTI hacia objetivos económicos y sociales. English Abstract: Since the 1960s, different research evaluation mechanisms have been created in the Ibero-American region. In this paper we focus on systems aimed at classifying and recognizing individuals based on their past research performance. These policy instruments, which we call National Researcher Categorization Systems (NRCS/SNCI), are present in most countries in the region. In this paper we analyze the structure of 12 systems in 11 countries, and propose a definition that considers common and variable characteristics. As main findings, we point out that: (a) the instrument is fully in force in the regional context, (b) great weight is given to evaluation at the individual - rather than departmental or institutional - level, and (c) the instrument favors classical academic research and conflicts with the general orientation of STI policies towards economic and social objectives.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127939103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade Liberalisation and Domestic Brands: Evidence from China's Accession to the WTO","authors":"Xinghua Deng, Ran-zhe Jing, Zheng Liang","doi":"10.1111/twec.12911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.12911","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we examine how trade liberalisation affects firms' branding behaviours. We investigate this question with China's accession to the WTO in late 2001. We find that firms in sectors with large import tariff reductions discontinue more trademarks. Meanwhile, these firms file more trademark applications and their total number of effective trademarks increases after trade liberalisation. This growth in trademarks is mainly driven by large firms, as measured by the number of employees. In fact, small firms' applications and effective trademarks decline during trade liberalisation. It is also found that trademark applications are mainly filed for the traditionally non‐dominant products of industries. We provide a conceptual model that incorporates the channels through which both passive and active responses occur.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121918507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Agent Based Topology Control in Wireless Sensor Network","authors":"Sutagundar A. V., Farhatnaaz A. Inamdar, V. S. Bennur","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3429816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3429816","url":null,"abstract":"Topology control in wireless sensor network has one of major concern. Topology control in WSN can conserve energy of sensor nodes. In most of the scenarios of WSN static topology are constructed for the transmission of sensor nodes information to sink nodes. It is observed that static topology uses more energy which can be minimized by using the dynamic topology construction. Hence, to overcome this problem this work proposes the context aware topology construction that increases the network life time minimizes the redundant transmissions, and latency can be improved. The proposed work uses a mobile agent based topology control algorithm, and this algorithm can solve three issues in collection and broadcasting of data in wireless sensor network such as routing void, isolated node and sleeping control.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116245737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Взаимоотношения государства и бизнеса в контексте формирования в России инновационных кластеров и экосистем (The Relationship Between Government and Business in the Context of the Formation of Innovation Clusters and Ecosystems in Russia)","authors":"Viacheslav Maracha","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3392337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3392337","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> На материале формирования в России инновационных кластеров и экосистем рассмотрены сетевая организация и системные принципы трансформации взаимоотношений государства и инновационного бизнеса. В фокус внимания поставлена проблематика формирования инновационных кластеров и экосистем как коллаборативных сообществ, перехода к «кластерной организации управления» как новой продвинутой форме организации инновационного процесса, а также политика государства по поддержке такого перехода вместе с отношениями государства и бизнеса в данном контексте.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> Based on the formation of innovative clusters and ecosystems in Russia, the network organization and system principles for transforming the relationship between the state and innovative business are considered. The focus focuses on the formation of innovation clusters and ecosystems as collaborative communities, the transition to a “cluster management organization” as a new advanced form of organization of the innovation process, as well as government policy to support such a transition along with government and business relations in this context.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134105985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economics of AI/ML and Big Data in the Data-Driven Economy: Implications for Canada’s Innovation Strategy","authors":"Dan Ciuriak","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3362083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3362083","url":null,"abstract":"Technological change in the form of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) based on Big Data has profound implications for the way innovation is conducted and for the economy into which innovation flows. This note sketches out the implications of the evolving character of innovation for the nature of the instruments that have been developed to incentivize it, reviews the nature of the data-driven economy, and draws out implications for Canada’s innovation strategy.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129916028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer Hardware Servicing and Maintenance Trainer","authors":"Archie Nel De jesus","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3448885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3448885","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to provide a CHSM Trainer or Computer Hardware Servicing and Maintenance Trainer for the College of Information and Communication Technology (CICT). The purpose of this study is to enhance the troubleshooting, system configuration and computer hardware skills of the CICT Information Technology students. The said project was constructed using different computer peripheral parts. The CHSM Trainer has a dual core motherboard which has a built-in video card and a 512 RAM. The CHSM Trainer was evaluated by the BSIT students using the following projects criteria: (a) functionality; (b) user-friendliness; (c) portability; and (d) reliability. The result of the respondent's evaluation was interpreted as follows: Excellent, Very Satisfactory, Satisfactory, Fair and Poor. Overall, the project got 4.33 mean rating with a verbal description of \"Very Satisfactory\" The conclusions of this study were drawn as follows: (l) The proponents included several peripheral parts for construction of the CHSM Trainer (2) This project is for the students which can help them in troubleshooting, system configuration interfacing technique and computer assembling; (3) The CICT has a growing population of students and many of the students must be familiar with the peripheral parts of a computer. Generally, the CHSM Trainer can lessen the time consumed in practicing interfacing and troubleshooting inside the classroom. Lastly, the recommendations of this study were drawn as follows: (1) The CICT must provide troubleshooting practicing equipment like CHSM Trainer for the information and technology students as it is part and parcel of their skills development; (2) Improve the functionality of the CHSM Trainer; (3) If the CHSM Trainer is for hardware, they must develop a computer trainer for software like Computer Aided Instruction with the topic in troubleshooting and assembling. The researchers also used hard disk drive, DVD-Rom drive, power supply and a flat LCD monitor which makes the project functional. However, the researchers make it more compact by customizing its casing.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128578418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral Licensing: Ensuring the Public Interest When Taxpayers Fund Pharmaceutical Research","authors":"Robin C. Feldman, Betty Chang Rowe, Rabiah Oral","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3292337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3292337","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the nation’s drug development and delivery system has loomed in the forefront of pressing policy concerns. This piece suggests a relatively simple pathway that could provide opportunities for progress with aspects of the problem. Through the addition of a few choice provisions in their licensing agreements, research universities could improve consumer choices and access to the drugs developed with their government-funded research. Looking at the entire drug development system, universities play a complex set of roles. They are both the keepers of the academic flame and the stewards of public money. Beyond that, universities also may benefit from the substantial royalty dollars that flow when pharmaceutical companies purchase licenses. Like a well-oiled machine, universities should be able to smoothly and cleanly integrate these roles. Nevertheless, when the entire system is suffering shocks, these roles may come into conflict — particularly when the yearning for royalty green may be in tension with the responsible stewardship of largesse from the public purse. This piece suggests a way in which universities can be faithful to all of the disparate masters, serving as an elegant model of market efficiency and responsible action. \u0000 \u0000With this perspective in mind, this piece suggests using university contracts as pathway for ensuring that innovations developed using federal funds sufficiently benefit those who have funded it. In brief, the paper identifies five potential ways in which contractual requirements could prove valuable and addresses navigating potential roadblocks to the implementation of these types of provisions.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115131752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azərbaycan timsalında innovasiyanin iqtisadi inkişafa təsiri. (The Impact of Innovation on Economic Development in Keys of Azerbaijan)","authors":"Elchin Suleymanov, K. Ibrahimova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3299860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3299860","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Azerbaijani Abstract:</b> İqtisadiyyatın inkişafı və ölkələrin bu sahədə irəliləyişləri yüzillərdən bəri iqtisadçıların tədqiqərində yer almaqdadır. Bir cəmiyyətin iqtisadi baxımdan güclü olması onun rəqabət gücünə bağlıdır. Rəqabət gücünü artıran ən önəmli vasitə isə innovasiyadır. Çünki innovasiya məhsuldarlığı artırır. Bu səbəblə innovasiya ölkələr üçün iqtisadi inkişafın və rifahının yüksəlişinin açarıdır. Halhazırda innovasiya əsaslı iqtisadiyyat dövrün ən dinamik və gəlirli istiqamətlərindən sayılır. İnnovasiya termin olaraq yeni ideyalarla elm və texnikanı inkişaf etdirib istehsal sahələrinə tətbiq etmək, gəliri artırıb, işsizliyi aradan qaldırmaq və iqtisadi vəziyyəti inkişaf etdirmək deməkdir. İnnovasiyanı fərqli edən xüsusiyyətlər isə onun elmi- texniki naliyyətlərdən geniş istifadə etməsinə, yeni texnologiyanın tətbiqinə, istehsal edilən məhsulun keyfiyyət göstəricilərinin artırılmasına və beləliklə də, iqtisadi artımın əldə edilməsinə yönəldilmiş olmasıdır<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> The impact of innovation on economic development in keys of Azerbaijan The economists matter enormously for the development of economy and countries to improve in the mainstream approach by centuries. İn real sense, the economic capacity enables the community to get the further development. The innovations are essential to push boundaries in the economic strength in order to develop the truly unique. That is because İnnovation is used As a means of productivity. Meanwhile, innovation is the main access for, the countries to develop their economics, the cost of living. Nowadays, the economy involved in the innovation is, concerned as one of the most profıtable and dynamic process. İnnovation is defined as a term to make better education and economy by means of up to date ideas, to reinforce the profit, to relieve the unemployment and to get the economic growth. İnnovation defers ultimately as it tends to focus on the education and technology achievements excessıvely, to supply the contemporary technology on use as a main tool to improve the quality standards of the newly produced products and furthermore, in order to obtain the economic growth.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133270749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future’s Tourism: A Case Analysis with Qualitative Research in Antalya Region","authors":"R. Ehtiyar, A. Aksu, Gamze Kasalak","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3224372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3224372","url":null,"abstract":"Demographic changes across the world, increasing competition, globalization and environmental problems will no doubt influence the tourism director and lead to greater changes in the foreseeable future of the tourism sector more than ever. Future scientists envisage that the tourism will be restructured and gained more importance with a major change in its role in the 2050s. The tourism sector is directly influenced by global transformations, changing demographic structures and technological advancements. Although there are so many works about tourism and accompanying developments in the literature, researches about tourism and its future interaction are restricted. However, it is a fact that change comes and goes. This is the core notion that builds the theme of this study, which we call “Future’s Tourism.” The better we understand the situation and priorities of the sector and take necessary measures, the more the expectations about the new tourism scenario will be met. In this study, we aim to determine basic dimensions that define the world tourism’s future. During the research, semi structured interviews were made to collect data within the frame of the qualitative approach and as data analysis method, content analysis was also conducted. These interviews were made with 10 prominent opinion leaders of the region’s tourism sector. In this study, our goal is to compare and contrast different opinion leaders who express their predictions about “Future’s Tourism” and afterward discuss the future of tourism. We also suppose that the data we gathered will produce knowledge for “Future’s Tourism” phenomenon and can give the opportunity to a context-specific generalization attempt.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132897587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pragmatic Field Experiments in Policy Research: The Case of a Pilot Program for Municipal Water Customers","authors":"Stephanie Moulton, J. Collins, O. Kondratjeva","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3194814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3194814","url":null,"abstract":"The pragmatic field experiment is a flexible methodology for assessing public policies and programs. This study illustrates the use of the pragmatic approach with a novel program, LIFT-UP, where municipalities offered financial counseling to public water utility customers who were behind on payments. Unlike a traditional randomized control study, the four municipalities in this study were encouraged to adapt treatment protocols, sample designs and outcome measures to reflect the local implementation context. This approach is internally valid within each site, and also offers externally valid implications for other municipalities that replicate the same broad principle-based mechanisms. While inconsistent with the traditional approach of randomized experiments, the pragmatic approach is practical and offers insights for policy analysis and program implementation.","PeriodicalId":186347,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation Systems (Topic)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126426247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}