Journal of Ecology & Natural Resources最新文献

{"title":"Processed Wood Products Trade in Ethiopia; In Case of Paper and Paper Products Trade","authors":"Tamiru Lemi","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000305","url":null,"abstract":"Paper and paper products were one of the most imported processed wood products at different times of the years. Ethiopia has spent a huge amount of foreign currency to import paper and paper products. However, the income gained from the export of paper and paper products was very small and caused a trade deficit. This trade deficit has an impact on the economy of the country. However, the information on the status of the paper and paper product import-export in Ethiopia is lacking. The objective of this study was, therefore, to assess the status and trend of imported and exported paper and paper products between 1997 and 2016. To achieve the objective, the raw data on the international trade of paper and paper products in the period between 1997 and 2016 were collected from Ethiopia Revenue and Customs Authority (ECRA). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16.0. The result indicated that on average Ethiopia spent US$ 29.85 million/year to import 23700 Tones/year of paper and paper products. The trend of total expenses to import different paper and paper products into Ethiopia and while, the quantities of paper and paper products imported between 1997 and 2016, has been grown by 12.6% and 8.7% yearly, respectively. Thus, Ethiopia spent a large amount of money to import paper and paper products than the money earned by exporting paper and paper products.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology & Natural Resources","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121631329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review Study on Current Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Production Status and Key Challenges for Potential Efficiency of Wheat Markets in Ethiopia","authors":"AD Abboye","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000233","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this review study is to provide an overview of current wheat production status and the key challenges of future bread wheat marketing competence in Ethiopia. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a prevailing crop in temperate countries and is being used as one of a human sustenance. It is also an important basic food crop in Ethiopia. The success of wheat production depends somewhat on its adaptability and high yield potential, and also based on the gluten protein fraction, which confers the visco-elastic properties that allows its dough to be processed into bread, pasta, noodles and other food products. Improving bread wheat production and productivity as well as facilitating its marketing access is therefore one of a key part of the economic growth strategies in the Ethiopian government’s food self-sufficiency policy programs. The government’s policy interventions that aimed at improving bread wheat production or agricultural production for that matter, however, require involvements beyond the farm lands at the entire bread wheat value chains. Both local production and import are the two key sources of wheat grain supply to the Ethiopian bread wheat value chain have shown a substantial increase since the mid-1990s. So far, a steady increase in domestic wheat consumption has resulted in rising bread wheat and product prices over the forgoing two decades. For instance, bread wheat grain, wheat flour as well as wheat bread prices have all being more than doubled between 2000 and 2020. Using a qualitative survey of selected bread wheat value chain actors and a review of existing literature, this study provides an overview of the bread wheat value chain, institutional and marketing arrangements, and trader behavior of bread wheat value chain actors in Ethiopia. The bread wheat value chain consists of multiple actors that include several small holder farmers and the Ethiopian grain trade enterprise at the upstream and urban and rural consumers at the other end. The study stresses the need for formulation of bread wheat market-enhancing policies, such as quality control and dispute settlement mechanisms as well as better access to market information, to improve bread wheat productivity as well as marketing efficiency.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology & Natural Resources","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121054667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Wild vs Cultivated Plants in Indonesian","authors":"P. Widodo","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000243","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is one of the centres of biodiversity in the world. Forests in Indonesia are one of the richest in the world. On the other hand, Indonesia is also the country with the highest destruction of its forests. Forest area continues to decline due to forest burning, land conversion and illegal logging. This has caused wild plants decreased. Meanwhile, domestications and plant breeding has caused the increase of cultivated plant varieties. However, cultivated plants are also decreasing when the quality do not match the demand.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology & Natural Resources","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116836442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Packed Foods Related to COVID-19","authors":"","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000309","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 prevalence and mortality in South & East Asia & Africa is much lower (88%) than in the Europe & northern America. This may relate to higher immunity in the low income people due to (a) less consumption of fast/ packed/ refrigerated food, beverages, liquor, tobacco, meat, HFSS- high fat, salt, sugar in Asian (b) higher exposure to microbes, (c) more exposure to sunlight & higher vitamin D levels, (d) less vaccination (general/ BCG). South Asian spice intake is also double the world average and is considered healthy. Spices contain Salicylate and may cause Aspirin like effect, the key anti-inflammatory drug for Corona. Mustard is anti-viral and may be useful too.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology & Natural Resources","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121582669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Ecological Condition and Contamination of Heavy Metals (Isp-Oes) of Aydar-Arnasoy Lake System by Optical Emission Spectrometric Method","authors":"Akhmadjonova Yorqinoy Tojimurodovna","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000285","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the study of the Aydar-Arnasay Lake System (ISP-OES), one of the largest reservoirs in the country, by optical emission spectrometric method. The hydrochemical process of water in this lake area is not stable. Monitoring of the ecological status of the lake water was carried out using a stationary monitoring network, modern equipment and monitoring methods, which allows assessing the regularity of anthropogenic changes in the environment and biological system problems that have toxic effects.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology & Natural Resources","volume":"35 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123479092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use/Land Cover Dynamics in Pioneer Fronts and Implications on Livelihoods: Insights from Nkuh and Nkuv on the Bui Plateau","authors":"Suiven John Paul Tume","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000277","url":null,"abstract":"Land use dynamics in pioneer fronts in Sub-Saharan Africa is recurrent; yet, stakeholder interests and the various changes in land-use practices are still to be fully mainstreamed in resource use practices. The implications for livelihood improvement are indicative of the attracting force of these areas to different stakeholders. This study sets out to: 1. Map land use and land cover change in Nkuh and Nkuv pioneer fronts in the Bui Plateau; 2. Identify stakeholders and interests in pioneer fronts; 3. Understand land use change practices and implications for livelihoods. The study used diachronic analysis accompanied by 7 focus group discussions, 9 key informant interviews across native authorities and some government delegations on thematic analysis and narratives. The results revealed that small agroplantations are the major land-use changes from the existing rangelands and remnants of natural forests. Farmers from neighboring villages have migrated and settled in pioneer fronts, practicing agriculture through expansion, stabilization and consolidation. Diversification and adoption of new techniques like agro-forestry, agro-plantations (oil palms, fruit trees, cocoa) is growing amongst farmers, especially among return migrants, bureaucrats and land-use change/ land-use practices have important implication for livelihood improvement for the population implicated with an increase in output. Further studies can focus on how local endogenous processes and power asymmetries can improve resource use outcomes.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology & Natural Resources","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124174906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Performance of African Giant Land Snail Archachatina Marginata Fed Varying Dietary Protein Levels of Plant Source","authors":"O. Oo","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000226","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of isocaloric plant protein diets on the growth performance of African giant land snail Archachatina marginata were investigated for 28 weeks. A total of 120 juvenile A. marginata snails were used. Ten snails were randomly assigned to each of the four experimental diets containing 12%, 14%, 16%, and 18% crude protein from plant source respectively. Each diet constitutes a treatment and each treatment was replicated three times with 10 snails per replicate. Data on growth parameters were collected bi-weekly. Results showed that the performance of snails fed was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by levels of dietary protein. The snail fed with 16% level of crude protein had the highest final somatic body weight (42.6g) and the superior feed conversion ratio (2.35) while beyond 16% level of crude protein the growth response declined. It was evident from this study that A. marginata snails fed 16% crude protein of plant source were the best in growth performance and that snails could be raised on diets comprising of crude protein exclusively from plant source.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology &amp; Natural Resources","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134343282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitability Zoning and Layout Optimization of Forages in Uxin Banner Surrounded by the Mu Us Sandy Land in China","authors":"Shifeng Li","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000316","url":null,"abstract":"The Mu Us Sandy land is one of the four largest sandy lands in China and the main sources of sand dust in the Beijing-Tianjin area. Uxin Banner, located at the southernmost end of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is surrounded by this sandy land. Nearly one third of the Mu Us sandy land is located in Uxin Banner. Irrational expansion of agricultural land, unordered layout and overgrazing have resulted in the degradation of grassland, which leads to serious ecological problems and makes this area one of the five typical ecological fragile zones in China. Previous studies mostly focused on regional resource carrying capacity and man-land relationship, but few studies were conducted on how to select excellent varieties which are suitable for local resource and environmental background conditions to promote the healthy development of herbage industry. The research methods and conclusions of this paper can make up for this deficiency. Based on GIS and SPSSAU data scientific analysis platform, this paper uses multi-source remote sensing, statistics, surveys and other data to study the suitability zoning of silage planting, comprehensive evaluation of forage varieties, pastoral area industrial planning, etc. The research conclusions and suggestions can promote a high-quality development of agriculture and animal husbandry in Uxin Banner, help farmers and herdsmen to increase income, and provide scientific support for rural revitalization in the new period.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology &amp; Natural Resources","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131687524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approaches to the Enhancement of Angola's Natural Tourism Resources","authors":"M. B. O. Ávila","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000259","url":null,"abstract":"Eco-tourism becomes a valuable opportunity for African countries, in particular Angola, which is facing an unfavourable situation with regard to the use of their natural resources for tourism purposes. The research defined as a general objective: to carry out an approach to the natural tourist resources of Angola for their enhancement. It was defined as a hypothesis that if natural tourist resources are valued, ecotourism in Angola is improved. Several theoretical methods were used such as: analysis and synthesis, inductive-deductive, structural systemic, and among the empirical: scientific observation, interview, analysis of weaknesses, threats, strengths and opportunities, as well as the criteria of specialists. As a result, proposals were developed that constitute potential ways to contribute to improving ecotourism in Angola, by promoting the management of nature events and the development of strategies for the development of ecotourism management, particularly in prioritized regions such as the province of Cuando Cubango. In conclusion, emphasis is placed on the high potential that Angola has for ecotourism, which can benefit entrepreneurs and communities, amid efforts to achieve sustainable development and confront COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology &amp; Natural Resources","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133724759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of the Ecological Niche of Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill & Perr and Conservation Strategies in the Context of Climate and Global Change (Benin, West Africa)","authors":"Apélété Eben-Ezer","doi":"10.23880/jenr-16000310330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000310330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186239,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecology &amp; Natural Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131051345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}