Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B最新文献_第6页

Carbochlorination of YOCl for Synthesis of YCl3 羧基氯化 YOCl 合成 YCl3

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03253-5

Osamu Takeda, Xin Lu, Hongmin Zhu

{"title":"Carbochlorination of YOCl for Synthesis of YCl3","authors":"Osamu Takeda, Xin Lu, Hongmin Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03253-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03253-5","url":null,"abstract":"As the production of high-quality titanium (Ti) metal increases significantly, the generation of low-quality Ti scraps increases and exceeds the demand for current cascade recycling in ferrous metallurgy. Therefore, the development of an upgrading recycling technology, in which scraps are refined and reutilized, is required. The magnesium (Mg) deoxidation assisted by the formation of oxychlorides of rare earth metals is currently considered a promising process for upgrading recycling technology, during which YOCl is formed as a byproduct. In this study, we investigate the synthesis and separation of YCl3 from YOCl via carbochlorination at 973 and 1073 K and confirmed that YCl3 can be regenerated from YOCl at a high conversion rate (82.7 pct at maximum). YCl3 was also formed even in the presence of MgCl2; however, MgCl2 decreased the conversion rate (49.8 pct at minimum). The conversion rate in the temperature region where YCl3 is a liquid (1073 K) was lower than that in the temperature region where YCl3 is a solid (973 K). Therefore, an operation with temperature cycling, in which YCl3 is formed at a temperature where YCl3 is a solid and then the temperature is increased to a temperature where YCl3 is a liquid to drain the molten mixed salt, is efficient.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving the Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel Via Aluminum-Based Coating from Ionic Liquid Electrolytes at Room Temperature 通过离子液体电解质中的铝基涂层提高碳钢在室温下的耐腐蚀性能

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03260-6

Wen Wang, Na Li, Zhiyuan Li, Li-li Jiang, Wei-Li Song, Mingyong Wang, Shuqiang Jiao

{"title":"Improving the Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel Via Aluminum-Based Coating from Ionic Liquid Electrolytes at Room Temperature","authors":"Wen Wang, Na Li, Zhiyuan Li, Li-li Jiang, Wei-Li Song, Mingyong Wang, Shuqiang Jiao","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03260-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03260-6","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the corrosion resistance of carbon steel is of great importance to realize widely use in various industries. The anti-corrosion coating is a significant protective strategy. Therefore, uniform aluminum coatings (AlOx-CS), electrodepositing in ionic liquid electrolyte at room temperature, was developed to enhance corrosion resistance of carbon steel. The lower part of the electrode has a better distribution uniformity than the upper part of the electrode, and the distribution of a line has the lowest variance. The uniform AlOx-CS coating is the most corrosion resistant due to sealed Al2O3 layers. The corrosion rate of the AlOx-CS coating is 0.4 mm a−1. The self-corrosion current density of AlOx-CS coating is 34.4 μA cm−2, nearly 2 times compared with pristine carbon steel. The impedance value with AlOx-CS coating is increased by nearly 300 times compared with pristine carbon steel. The morphology and composition of aluminum-based reinforced coatings had no significant changes in atmospheric exposure, 3.5 pct NaCl salt spray and 3.5 pct NaCl immersion environments. The aluminum-based reinforced coatings can enhance the lifespan of carbon steel materials, while also reducing economic losses and safety hazards.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vanadium Extraction Mechanism in the Sodium Sulfate Roasting Process 硫酸钠焙烧工艺中的钒提取机制

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03259-z

Youngjae Kim, Hyunsik Park, Ye Wang, Zhiyuan Chen

{"title":"Vanadium Extraction Mechanism in the Sodium Sulfate Roasting Process","authors":"Youngjae Kim, Hyunsik Park, Ye Wang, Zhiyuan Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03259-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03259-z","url":null,"abstract":"Vanadium redox-flow batteries (VRFBs) have recently gained attention because they resolve the intermittent and uncontrollable characteristics of renewable energy sources. Consequently, the increasing demand for VRFBs will increase the demand for V. This study investigated a roasting process for V extraction from Korean vanadiferous titanomagnetite ores. The optimum roasting conditions and mechanisms were studied for the combination of Na2SO4 roasting and water-leaching processes. The effects of roasting temperature and mixing ratio of Na2SO4 were investigated, revealing the more prominent effect of roasting temperature compared with that Na2SO4 mixing ratio. The leaching efficiencies for other impurities were investigated by varying the Na2SO4 mixing ratio and roasting temperature. The X-ray-diffraction-analysis results indicated no notable phase change during the roasting process. Moreover, the hot-stage-microscope-analysis results demonstrated that the roasting temperature was higher than the softening temperature, implying no reaction between the liquidus and solid ore. The formation of sulfuric gas was verified by thermodynamic calculations, differential scanning calorimetry, and evolved gas analysis. The reaction of V2O5, SO3, and SO4 was expected to form a water-soluble VOSO4 phase. The gas–solid reaction in the Na2SO4 roasting process resulted in high selectivity and high leaching efficiency for V.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Graphene Nanoparticles on Slurry Erosion Behavior of High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF)-Sprayed Mo2C and Co–Ni-Based Coatings Over SS304 Steel 石墨烯纳米颗粒对 SS304 钢上高速富氧燃料 (HVOF) 喷射的 Mo2C 和 Co-Ni-Based 涂层浆料侵蚀行为的影响

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03249-1

Nitin Kumar, Jaspal Singh Gill

{"title":"Effect of Graphene Nanoparticles on Slurry Erosion Behavior of High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF)-Sprayed Mo2C and Co–Ni-Based Coatings Over SS304 Steel","authors":"Nitin Kumar, Jaspal Singh Gill","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03249-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03249-1","url":null,"abstract":"The present study delves into the challenges of slurry erosion in hydropower plant components, particularly focusing on Stainless-Steel 304 (SS304) limitations under high-velocity conditions. It proposes Mo2C coating combinations applied via High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) spraying as a promising solution due to their high hardness, wear, and corrosion resistance. Three coatings (Coating A, Coating B, and Coating C) were formulated with varying Mo2C, Co–Ni, and graphene nanoparticles (GNP) percentages, demonstrating unique erosion-resistant properties. Microscopic analysis revealed wear mechanisms, with Coating A displaying particle breakage, Coating B exhibiting fractured Mo2C particles, and Coating C showing dynamic interactions with GNP, enhancing resistance. The findings suggest that tailored coatings incorporating GNP offer potential for erosion resistance improvement, prompting further exploration into optimizing GNP concentrations, refining deposition techniques, and assessing long-term durability under diverse operational conditions.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"252 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Coupled Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and Thermal Stress-Strain Model to Explore the Impact of Gas Cooling on Ingot Solidification Shrinkage in Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR) Process 探索真空电弧重熔 (VAR) 过程中气体冷却对铸锭凝固收缩影响的磁流体动力学 (MHD) 和热应力-应变耦合模型

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03254-4

J. Bohacek, E. Karimi-Sibaki, A. Vakhrushev, K. Mraz, J. Hvozda, M. Wu, A. Kharicha

{"title":"A Coupled Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and Thermal Stress-Strain Model to Explore the Impact of Gas Cooling on Ingot Solidification Shrinkage in Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR) Process","authors":"J. Bohacek, E. Karimi-Sibaki, A. Vakhrushev, K. Mraz, J. Hvozda, M. Wu, A. Kharicha","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03254-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03254-4","url":null,"abstract":"An advanced 2D axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamics model, including calculations for electromagnetic, thermal, and flow fields, fully coupled with a thermal stress-strain model, allowing the computation of solid mechanical parameters like stress, strain, and deformation within the ingot of the vacuum arc remelting process is presented. This process encounters challenges due to solidification shrinkage, which causes losing contact between the ingot and the mold, reducing the cooling efficiency of the system, resulting in a deeper melt pool and decreasing ingot quality. Herein, the width of the air gap along the ingot, the precise position of contact between the ingot and mold, and the profile of the melt pool, affected by gas cooling, are calculated. The global pattern of transport phenomena, such as (electro-vortex) flow and electromagnetic fields in the bulk of the ingot, is insensitive to helium gas cooling through the shrinkage gap. However, including gas cooling significantly improves heat removal through the mold, which consequently reduces the pool depth of the Alloy 718 ingot, leading to an improvement in the quality of the ingot.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recycling Welding Fluxes: A Case Study into Manganese-Silicate System 回收焊接助焊剂：锰硅酸盐系统案例研究

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03252-6

Huiyu Tian, Yanyun Zhang, Shuai Shi, Guanyi Wang, Cong Wang

{"title":"Recycling Welding Fluxes: A Case Study into Manganese-Silicate System","authors":"Huiyu Tian, Yanyun Zhang, Shuai Shi, Guanyi Wang, Cong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03252-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03252-6","url":null,"abstract":"Recycling presents a waste-free solution to substantial disposal of welding slags which retain most components originated from the original fluxes. However, uncertainties in weld appearance and element contents render it unjustified to reuse welding slags as fluxes. In the present study, a manganese-silicate flux has been demonstrated to be fully recyclable subject to submerged arc welding (SAW) for three times. The weld appearance is assessed against the initial weld metal (WM), while alloying element contents are evaluated according to AWS (American Welding Society) requirements. Flux composition and structure, two decisive factors affecting welding performance, are quantified. It is manifested that compositional changes mainly occur in the contents of MnO (39.50 to 34.66 wt pct), SiO2 (38.46 to 34.25 wt pct), and FetO (1.55 to 6.78 wt pct). Moreover, crystalline structures of MgMnSiO4, and Mg0.6Mn1.4SiO4 appear in the initially amorphous flux. The crystallinity is enhanced to 32.7 wt pct through flux recycling. Slight depolymerization is found in the amorphous structure, as the NBO/Si (non-bridging oxygens per silicon atom) is elevated by 0.2. Overall, this study demonstrates the capability of recycling welding fluxes and is poised to offer insight into further sustainable applications.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Gadolinium on the Deformation of Sulfides and Mechanical Properties of an Al-Killed Resulfurized Steel 钆对硫化物变形和铝烧结硫化钢机械性能的影响

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03257-1

Hong Wei, Wen Yang, Lifeng Zhang

引用次数: 0

Epitaxial Growth of FCC Metals on the (100), (110), and (211) NaCl Surfaces 催化裂化金属在 (100)、(110) 和 (211) NaCl 表面的外延生长

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03264-2

Praveen Kumar Rai, Nilabh Dish

{"title":"Epitaxial Growth of FCC Metals on the (100), (110), and (211) NaCl Surfaces","authors":"Praveen Kumar Rai, Nilabh Dish","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03264-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03264-2","url":null,"abstract":"The research conducted on the low-temperature epitaxial growth of vapor-deposited thin face-centered cubic (fcc) metal films on the cleavage face of sodium chloride (NaCl) reveals a notable gap in comprehensive studies concerning the influence of deionized water on specially prepared (110) and (211) crystal faces of NaCl. This study emphasizes the crucial role of active contaminants in the oriented growth of thin continuous metal films, specifically silver (Ag), gold (Au), and copper (Cu), on the (110) and (211) polished faces using the flash-evaporation technique. The impact of flash evaporation on orientation changes during coalescence is highlighted, influencing the epitaxial orientation of metal films. Moreover, the research introduces a significant enhancement of epitaxy on ethanol-treated and furnace-annealed NaCl faces without the need for post-deposition annealing of wet-stripped free-standing films. The epitaxial relationships between substrates and deposits were determined through electron diffraction, while transmission electron microscopy was employed to examine crystalline defects present in wet-stripped films. This work contributes valuable insights into the intricacies of thin metal film growth on specifically treated NaCl crystal faces.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One-Step Heat Treatment for Effective Separation of Ag from Si Solar Cells 一步热处理实现硅太阳能电池中银的有效分离

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03250-8

Yaqiong Li, Hongzheng Cai, Yifan Wang, Lifeng Zhang, Wen Yang

引用次数: 0

Study on Inclusions Distribution Across the Thickness of Enameled Steel Slabs 搪瓷钢板各厚度夹杂物分布研究

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11663-024-03263-3

Bo Wang, Lidong Xing, Xin Li, Yanping Bao, Min Wang

{"title":"Study on Inclusions Distribution Across the Thickness of Enameled Steel Slabs","authors":"Bo Wang, Lidong Xing, Xin Li, Yanping Bao, Min Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11663-024-03263-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03263-3","url":null,"abstract":"Enameled steel is widely used owing to its superior fatigue and strength properties. However, the presence of inclusions formed during the steelmaking process significantly affects these properties. Therefore, this study investigated a factory-enameled steel slab to elucidate its behavior. Additionally, the study analyzed the distribution of inclusions across the slab thickness, and characterized the variation in oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, manganese and sulfur contents. Moreover, the type, number density, size, and morphology of inclusions were examined across the slab thickness. The findings revealed that the center of the slab exhibited the lowest sulfur and manganese contents, which gradually increased toward the edges. Conversely, nitrogen content reached the maximum at the slab center and decreased toward the edges. The oxide inclusions mainly comprised Al2O3–MgO cores. Furthermore, the oxide inclusions in the slab mainly exhibited ellipsoidal morphology, with sizes concentrated between 1 and 5 μm. Moreover, the slab contained MnS and TiN inclusions, which exhibited symmetric variations in number density and average size from the edge to the center of the slab. The number density of MnS first decreased and then increased from the inner arc to the outer arc, while TiN exhibited the opposite trend. Additionally, MnS had a smaller average size than TiN, despite its higher number of inclusions. Furthermore, Ti4C2S2 inclusions were mainly distributed between 1 and 3 μm and clustered in the slab. Additionally, theoretical calculations revealed that the elemental segregation trend followed the order of S > Ti > N > Mn. The sequence of precipitation formation was Ti4C2S2 > TiN > MnS. This indicated a negative correlation between the cooling rate and inclusion size. Particularly, MnS exhibited the smallest size, while TiN featured the largest size at the center of the slab.","PeriodicalId":18613,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142208311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0