{"title":"Jazz Historiography, Eurocentric Philosophy, and the Problem of Hegel and Aristotle","authors":"L. Caplan","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:As universities publicly address their continuing commitment to anti-racism, diversity, and multiculturalism both on campus and in the classroom, it is critical to explore how writing in our disciplines reproduced/reinforced White racist and sexist hierarchies. Rather than diversity statements functioning as performative speech acts (Ahmed, 2006), these statements could serve as a call to action to investigate how racism/sexism/classism operate in our disciplines during their inception. By looking at early jazz writing, we observe White racist/sexist paradigms and how Eurocentric logic justified these social maladies. Even in jazz history accounts that celebrate Black genius, it is through the problematic discourse of evolution, high art, and teleology that grants these accounts their social prestige (DeVeaux, 1991). Additionally, investigating the boundaries of Eurocentric paradigms in jazz historiography improves our theoretical conceptions and offers ways to move forward and address these problematic issues that persist. This study presents a methodology for jazz educators to explore the limitations of Eurocentric knowledge in jazz settings through a case study on Aristotelian/Hegelian logic formulation in jazz historiography. I demonstrate that Aristotelian/Hegelian reasoning and White racism/sexism produced reductive exclusionary definitions in early jazz writing. To make this argument, I turn to Aristotelian syllogisms and teleology and Hegel's \"ideal\" subject. Alongside illustrating a methodology for bringing Western philosophy into dialogue with jazz historiography in classroom settings, I then present concluding remarks toward extending theoretical work by proposing to flip subject-object epistemological relations in European philosophical discourse.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114672730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mary Lou Williams and the Role of Gender in Jazz: How Can Jazz Culture Respect Women's Voices and Break Down Barriers for Women in Jazz while Simultaneously Acknowledging Uncomfortable Histories?","authors":"Josiah Boornazian","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Since at least the 1940s, jazz musicians, scholars, journalists, and historians have expressed ambivalent and sometimes contradictory attitudes toward pianist, composer, and educator Mary Lou Williams. Though she undeniably experienced significant hardships throughout her career at least in part due to gender-based discrimination, Williams has also been recognized and celebrated as an important figure in jazz history in a variety of ways since at least the 1970s. Recent scholarly and mainstream discourses dedicated to Williams reveal an apparent widespread tendency within jazz culture to celebrate the pianist as a noteworthy historical figure at least in part due to her gender, and some institutions such as Jazz at Lincoln Center have tried to demonstrate that jazz culture reflects certain currently prevalent progressive values, namely diversity, equity, and inclusion. Such narratives encounter the problem that jazz culture has historically been a male-dominated field that has rarely treated its female practitioners equitably. The contradictions between the apparent facts of jazz history and more recent narratives celebrating the contributions of women such as Williams raise important and potentially uncomfortable historiographical and ethical questions for the jazz community. This article suggests that practical trial-and-error efforts aimed at actively engaging more women performers in jazz culture might be more promising projects for institutions as opposed to investing resources in continuously attempting to revise narratives about the role of women in jazz history, regardless of whether the aim of historical analysis is to point out past sexism or to try to obfuscate it or atone for it.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"99 13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130643824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching Jazz, Teaching Justice, and the Blackness of Don Cherry's Global Communion","authors":"P. Roth","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay proposes trumpeter/multi-instrumentalist Don Cherry as a pedagogical coordinate for approaching globally expansive jazz studies and social justice perspectives. Central are Cherry's philosophies on universality—at once musical, spiritual, and ethical—and the ways jazz functions as \"glue\" within his broad musical/geographic scope. While explicitly cosmopolitan, jazz here is anchored in its particular lineages of Black radical aesthetics (the blues, the necessity for improvisation and syncretism, etc.) and as such offers nuanced frames around Black universalities; those prefiguring and emerging through the capaciousness of jazz's wide trajectories yet firmly situated in race, history, power, and that seemingly impossible ideal of a more loving, equitable, compassionate world. The totality of Cherry's breadth—musical and otherwise—both troubles the \"universalism\" of inherited philosophical (Western) consensus and provides compelling directions for how practitioners and educators alike can think and support a growing jazz globality that still centers ethical imperatives of the music's histories and embedded potentials.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126944775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Treatments of the ii-V7-I Chord Progression in Jazz Improvisation: An Analysis of Phrases Used by Hank Mobley, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, and Dexter Gordon","authors":"David Detweiler","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The art of jazz improvisation demands that jazz performers create musical ideas in real time based on the harmonic and melodic structure of a song. The study and transcription of the jazz masters is crucial in understanding the art of improvisation. This article demonstrates how master jazz performers use the ii-V7-I chord progression in improvisational practice. This chord progression is essential to jazz improvisation and has been handled by jazz musicians in many different ways. This compilation of ii-V7-I improvisatory phrases will include a brief analysis of each idea. These analyses will display the artists' similarities and differences in personal style.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123070297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Melodic Rhythms and Intervals in Selected Works of Jerry Bergonzi","authors":"Benjamin Nichols","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Jerry Bergonzi (1947–) is a late 20th- and 21st-century jazz saxophonist and composer, often associated with the 1970s New York \"loft scene.\" Through the use of specific rhythmic and intervallic shapes, Bergonzi uses compositional techniques inspired by Olivier Messiaen and Arnold Schoenberg. Bergonzi's compositions \"It's the Same,\" \"Philapino,\" \"Ryvim with Ding,\" \"Awake,\" \"Czarology,\" and \"Cadiz\" are studied. Through formal analysis this article gives insight into Bergonzi's compositional methods used in the selected pieces. This article supplies research that answers two questions: What are Bergonzi's compositional techniques? What makes his compositions compelling and unique? This analysis uncovers elements that make Bergonzi's compositional style innovative, unique, and compelling.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116621275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Connections between Speech Acquisition and the Jazz Language","authors":"Patrick Brown","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.3.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The jazz language is an important part of an improvising musician's knowledge, and while many jazz educators and performers agree that the jazz language exists, there is little discussion on how and why it is considered a language. The jazz language closely correlates to imitation in speech, especially in speech acquisition in children. Imitation in speech patterns is a part of the learning process and is very similar to the process of obtaining a rich jazz vocabulary. The focus of this review was to compare the process of obtaining a jazz vocabulary with speech acquisition in children and how children learn to speak through imitation. This research also supports the idea that using imitation in jazz, as in spoken language, can successfully facilitate creativity and originality. Understanding the connections between speech acquisition and the jazz language better prepares the music educator to clearly and effectively transfer the musical vocabulary to the student.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128593496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Jazz Rhythm Section: A Manual for Band Directors by Fumi Tomita (review)","authors":"Russ Spiegel","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.2.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.2.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128081173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rehearsing the Jazz Band, Edited by Mary Jo Papich and Ryan Adams","authors":"B. Casey","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.2.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.2.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134561334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fellowship and Jazz2U Handout","authors":"","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131745102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.2.1.bm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.2.1.bm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126745520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}