{"title":"Teaching Jazz Standard Writing in a College-Level Songwriting Class Setting","authors":"Theresa Chen","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Songwriting has become an essential skill for future musicians. It is inevitable for musicians to write a wide variety of songs according to the ongoing changes of market trends and various commercial purposes. Since there is an increasing need for songwriting classes in academia, it would be beneficial for future college educators to create teaching methods when preparing for the courses. This article provides step-by-step methods for instructors to guide students to write jazz standards. The methods include designing harmonic progressions, composing melodies, organizing the formal structure, and writing lyrics. In the future, I hope to help foster younger generations of jazz classics.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129671154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Influence of D. Antoinette Handy— Musician, Scholar, Administrator, Visionary—on the Expansion of Music Education in Richmond, Virginia","authors":"Scott Douglass","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:American flutist D. Antoinette Handy’s multifaceted career encompassed the roles of music educator, scholar, and arts administrator, as well as soloist and bandleader. Born in New Orleans in 1930 and educated at the New England Conservatory, Northwestern, and the Paris Conservatoire, Handy settled in the Richmond, Virginia, area in 1966 to begin an expansive new phase of her career. She taught at Virginia State College, performed with the Richmond Symphony, was music critic for the Richmond Afro-American, published three books, and hosted two public radio programs including Black Virginia, which featured female jazz masters and discussed the state of jazz education in Richmond at the dawn of its 1980s “renaissance.” Handy was Richmond Public Schools’ first artist-in-residence and brought Eileen Southern, Mary Lou Williams, and Terri Lyne Carrington to lead workshops for the students and their teachers. Through an examination of primary and secondary sources including new oral history interviews, this article examines Handy’s manifold contributions to music education in and around Richmond, with a focus on how she helped construct a more inclusive and interconnected music scene.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123955081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thinking Outside the Pattern-Based Box in Jazz Improvisation","authors":"Ori Yossef, R. Granot","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Jazz improvisation has long been considered an art form centered around creativity: To successfully improvise in the genre, one must play creatively, while adhering to the stylistic traits of the jazz genre. The classic methods of teaching jazz improvisation lean, in one way or another, on pattern-based learning. Relying on patterns ensures “appropriate” improvisation but is insufficient for creating a successful solo. In this research, we conducted semi-structured interviews with jazz educators to understand how they address the tension between pattern-based teaching and cultivating improvisational creativity.Our analysis of the interviews revealed several themes. Here we focus on exercises the teachers give to their students that constrain the student in her use of the different musical elements. This was done either through musical repetition (exact repetition of a phrase, or one that changes the phrase over time), or through constraining specific musical elements such as the rhythm, melody, number of tones per bar, etc. We posit that these exercises could help students through reduction of cognitive and attentional load and by better defining a musical goal. We claim that methods combining pattern-based learning and constraining exercises will help cultivate the combination of the creative elements, which create the creative solo.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128603469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Memoriam, James Lester “Jim” Widner (1946–2021)","authors":"Zachary S. Nenaber","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Jim Widner was a bandleader, bassist, and Director of Jazz Studies in the University of Missouri-Saint Louis Department of Music. With decades of performing and teaching, he led the Jim Widner Big Band for 30 years. He was one of the founding members of the Jazz Education Network Conference and the Downbeat Magazine recipient of the 2009 Achievement Award. His success is remembered through what he taught his students and mentees.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131539254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Musicality of Birds: From Charles Darwin to Hermeto Pascoal","authors":"Nick Payne","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Traditionally, music is studied from an anthropocentric point of view, which neglects the wealth of knowledge that can be learned from considering the role of the natural world in the creation of music. One of the most notable contemporary jazz composers to draw inspiration from the natural world is the Brazilian composer Hermeto Pascoal. Throughout Hermeto’s prolific career, he has written numerous compositions that were inspired by nature. This essay explores several compositions by Hermeto that were directly inspired by birds and examines the musicality of birds through the lens of evolutionary biology and aesthetics. To demonstrate the intricacies of bird songs, I will explore Charles Darwin’s theory of sexual selection, aesthetic mate choice, and his ideas concerning aesthetic evolution. By understanding the function of bird songs and how they have evolved, new insights can be gained that will offer a new way to appreciate Hermeto Pascoal’s music. I argue that the complexity of aesthetic mate choice is manifested in the intricacies of bird songs and has subsequently influenced the compositional output of contemporary musicians such as Hermeto Pascoal, which has led to a deeper appreciation of biotic art in the jazz idiom.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"32 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114033065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Survey of Four Introductions by Chick Corea","authors":"Whitney Ashe","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Chick Corea’s florid and adventurous piano introductions burst with rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic invention. Like Erroll Garner, Corea often constructs introductions that stand on their own as complete musical statements and draw from a unique relationship with the piano and its literature. From 1965 to 1971, Corea developed several approaches to introductions that allow for increasing levels of harmonic and formal complexity and greater control of timbre that he continued to use and expand on. All these developments are crucial to Corea’s evolution as an improviser, pianist, and composer. This document will examine four introductions: “This Is New,” recorded in 1965 for the album Tones for Joan’s Bones; “Steps,” recorded in 1968 for the album Now He Sings, Now He Sobs; “Nefertiti,” recorded in 1970 for the album The Song of Singing; and “Trinkle Tinkle” recorded in 1971 for the album Piano Improvisations Vol. 2.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130543392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elaborating the Twelve-Bar Blues Form in Stride Piano Improvisation","authors":"Theresa Chen","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116164873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Opening the Door: Using Pluralism as a Philosophical Lens in the Jazz History Classroom","authors":"David Ian Baker","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:An introductory jazz history course is an opportunity to create meaningful dialogue with students that adds a necessary nuance to the common narrative of jazz history. To capitalize on this opportunity, instructors must understand the limitations of a traditional approach and realize that their student body does not enter the classroom deficient. Instead, a shift in perspective from fine arts to humanities allows students to bring their own backgrounds to a philosophical discussion that centers on jazz history. Using pluralism as a specific philosophical lens allows a diverse and inclusive understanding of jazz that can be extrapolated to a larger human experience. Instructors can use the breadth of pluralism at specific landmarks in their curriculum to allow jazz to be observed through sociology, culture, and the human condition. The exclusionary barriers formed from over-simplification can be eliminated by this cognitive understanding of jazz and instead students will synthesize the wide array of opinions associated with the music. By opening the philosophical door, students will have a more well-rounded introduction to jazz history that will serve them as musicians and human beings.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126437734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Second Line Bebop: Philadelphia and New Orleans","authors":"Fareed Simpson-Hankins","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130809185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Museum, the Laboratory, the Nightclub, the Embassy: Public Universities and the Future of Jazz","authors":"Jacob Hertzog","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.4.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127669243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}