{"title":"Giftedness and Improvisational Thinking: A Case Study","authors":"Kimberly A. McCord","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This case study follows the development of improvisational thinking in Stella (pseudonym), a musically gifted jazz guitarist beginning at the age often through the age of seventeen. Using a model developed by Fidlon (2011), Stella was stopped during an improvisation and asked to describe what she planned to play next. Research questions were the following: 1) Is Stella's improvisational thinking similar to the improvisational thinking of adults? 2) Did Stella's improvisational thinking develop significantly over eight years?Stella's improvisational thinking was similar when compared to adults in the Fidlon and Norgaard studies. Her jazz improvisations improved rapidly over eight years. Her classroom and music teachers rated her musical and academic abilities as the highest they have seen in a child throughout their careers.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115610398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing Jazz Ensemble Auditions for Success","authors":"A. García","doi":"10.2979/JAZZEDUCRESE.2.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/JAZZEDUCRESE.2.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:A potentially daunting array of musical and physical logistics awaits the educator auditioning students for jazz ensembles. If rehearsal schedules, spaces, and mentors are not preset, or if the ensemble director is new to a school, the “firehose” of data and tasks can be especially overwhelming:• collecting contact information,• choosing sight-reading samples,• determining which ensemble(s) the given student seeks,• providing in advance any student-prepared music,• guiding students through the audition in a friendly manner,• potentially accompanying them on a chording instrument,• evaluating auditions,• logging assessment of all of the above for each student,• remembering who each student was,• potentially collecting availability information regarding ensemble rooms and faculty,• placing students into ensembles at times the educators and rooms are available,• informing the students as to placements,• and sharing constructive, educational audition notes with students.Here I explore systems to maximize success, providing downloadable forms.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114996955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Method for Teaching Interaction in Small Jazz Ensembles","authors":"J. Benatar","doi":"10.2979/JAZZEDUCRESE.2.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/JAZZEDUCRESE.2.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article contains a pedagogy for coaching students in five common types of jazz interactions: call-and-response, phrase punctuation, texture change, instigation, and anticipation. Call-and-response is when a soloist states a musical phrase and the rhythm section reacts with a related rhythm, harmony, or motive. Phrase punctuation is playing in the space left by the soloist with the purpose of propelling the ensemble into the next phrase or chorus. Texture change is when the comping instruments alter the way that they are playing to adjust to the soloist's new musical ideas. Instigation is when a comping musician switches something in his/her playing that provokes a soloist into charting a new course of improvisation. Anticipation is when an idea, rhythm, phrase, or other improvisational development occurs, and the soloist and the comping musician arrive in sync. Interaction must be emphasized in jazz education along with theory, improvisation, and history. In order to create more functional, creative, and employable musicians, students must be able to listen to each other and to be influenced by each others' musical ideas. The goal of teaching interaction is to create the “magic” we hear in classic recordings.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"30 13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127095514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trombonisms: A Trombone-Centric Analysis of Kid Ory, Jimmy Harrison, Jimmy Cleveland, Roswell Rudd, and Robin Eubanks","authors":"John S. Bumpus","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay examines the idiomatic styles of five trombonists from the categories of New Orleans, Swing Era, Bebop, Post-Bop, and Contemporary in order to analyze the relationship between jazz trombone technique and improvisation. Trombonists have long found ways to use the limitations of the trombone advantageously in improvisation, and the goal is to examine and present some of these devices that may be applicable across styles and genres.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125813453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching Jazz History with “Jelly Roll” Morton, “Inventor of Jazz,” as a Focal Point for Jazz Authenticity Discourse","authors":"Josiah Boornazian","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Because he stands at the intersection of several of the most heatedly debated topics in jazz culture, Ferdinand “Jelly Roll” Morton is a highly valuable historical figure to study. Examining the debates surrounding Morton in-depth may provide jazz educators with a unique opportunity to enrich their jazz history curricula. Subjects discussed include the problematic reliance on oral history interviews in jazz historiography, the contradictions in the historiographical and authenticity discourses surrounding Morton, the notion of folkloric authenticity, and the influence of Alan Lomax and his narratives on Morton's public reception via the Library of Congress interviews. The author offers suggestions on how jazz educators might incorporate the topics discussed into the teaching of jazz history, using Morton as a case study.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122082140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Message from the JEN President","authors":"S. Jones","doi":"10.2979/JAZZEDUCRESE.2.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/JAZZEDUCRESE.2.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133876738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heptatonic Synthetic Scales Nomenclature and Their Teaching in Jazz Theory","authors":"Diego Celi","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The teaching of jazz theory has long been linked to the use of modes and nontraditional scales that have enriched jazz improvisation and composition. Nevertheless, jazz scholars have not reached a consensus in regard to scale nomenclature, especially in relation to heptatonic synthetic scales or modes. The tendency to describe synthetic scales with proper nouns is becoming less frequent for one reason: a name like Hungarian or Jewish scale does not convey any musical information. A proper noun becomes useless if the scale is not written in standard music notation, letter notation, or if a formula does not accompany it. The trend that has lately gained relevance relates to the altered modal terminology started by George Russell in 1953 in his book Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization. Ron Miller deepened that concept in 1996 in Modal Jazz Composition & Harmony and Gary Keller did the same in 2006 in The Jazz Chord/Scale Handbook. This article reviews all the major literature in relation to jazz scale theory and examines its evolution in terms of nomenclature. Furthermore, it traces the jazz scale nomenclature tendency, where a critical mass of jazz education seems to be heading.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121203747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Historically Informed Jazz Pedagogy: New Orleans Counterpoint and Barbershop Harmony","authors":"Vic Hobson","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article explores the implications for jazz pedagogy of recent research into New Orleans counterpoint and its relationship to barbershop harmony. The dominant paradigm in jazz education has been a theoretical approach using chord scales to improvise over chord changes. This is not how early New Orleans musicians improvised. They instead used the melody as their point of reference and improvised countermelodies, and this gave rise to harmony.Barbershop quartet singing was a common pastime in New Orleans in the early twentieth century and the musicians learned to sing harmony parts to popular tunes by ear. The Tonic Sol-Fa system of sight singing was taught in all New Orleans public schools and this also helped a strong sense of relative pitch necessary for singing harmony parts. These harmony parts when applied to their instruments gave rise to jazz counterpoint.This article concludes that through a better understanding of historical practice and by replicating the methods used by the pioneer generation of New Orleans jazz musicians we can develop a less theoretical and more historically informed jazz pedagogy based on an aural approach to improvisation.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127908327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jack-in-the Box: Maximizing Rehearsal Time with Mnemonics","authors":"S. Roberts","doi":"10.2979/JAZZEDUCRESE.2.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/JAZZEDUCRESE.2.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:By utilizing effective vocalizations and syllables, students can begin to speak the jazz language and effectively communicate in an appropriate stylistic manner incorporating inflection and nuance. This paper describes effective strategies for incorporating mnemonics in rehearsals to transform any ensemble's ability to expertly execute jazz style.","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122671201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technology and the Stylistic Evolution of the Jazz Bass","authors":"Fumi Tomita","doi":"10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/jazzeducrese.1.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":186040,"journal":{"name":"Jazz Education in Research and Practice","volume":"71 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131921765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}