Microsurgery最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Increased Body Mass Index on Patient Outcomes and Complications in Microsurgical Lower Extremity Reconstruction","authors":"Eloise W. Stanton,&nbsp;Artur Manasyan,&nbsp;Elizabeth Boudiab,&nbsp;Joseph N. Carey,&nbsp;David A. Daar","doi":"10.1002/micr.31231","DOIUrl":"10.1002/micr.31231","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated body mass index (BMI) is a known perioperative risk factor for complications such as delayed wound healing and infection. However, there is a gap in understanding how elevated BMI impacts outcomes after posttraumatic lower extremity (LE) microvascular reconstruction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective review was performed at a level 1 trauma center between 2007 and 2022 of patients who underwent posttraumatic microvascular LE reconstruction. Demographics, flap/wound details, complications, and outcomes were recorded. Patients were stratified into BMI Center for Disease Control categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 398 patients were included with an average BMI of 28.2 ± 5.8. Nearly half (45%) of LE defects were located in the distal third of the leg, 27.5% in the middle third, and 34.4% in the proximal third. Most reconstructions utilized muscle-containing flaps (74.4%) compared with fasciocutaneous flaps (16.8%). Surgical approaches included free flaps (47.6%) and local flaps (52.5%). Class III obese patients were significantly more likely to be nonambulatory than nonobese patients (OR: 4.10, 95% CI 1.10–15.2, <i>p</i> = 0.035). At final follow-up, 30.1% of patients with Class III obesity were ambulatory, requiring either wheelchairs (42.3%) or assistance devices (26.9%). There were no significant differences in complication rates based on obesity status (0.704). The average follow-up time for the entire cohort was 5.8 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BMI is critical for patient care and surgical decision-making in LE reconstruction. Further research is warranted to optimize outcomes for higher BMI patients, thereby potentially reducing the burden of postoperative complications and enhancing overall patient recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Flap for Reconstruction of Traumatic Thumb Soft Tissue Defect in an 18-Year-Old Male Patient","authors":"Hsu-Tang Cheng","doi":"10.1002/micr.31225","DOIUrl":"10.1002/micr.31225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Free Internal Mammary Artery Perforator Flap Harvested With Minimally Invasive Approach for Facial Reconstruction: Report of Two Cases","authors":"Yun Choi,&nbsp;Kyeong-Tae Lee","doi":"10.1002/micr.31233","DOIUrl":"10.1002/micr.31233","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The internal mammary artery perforator (IMAP) flap has been widely used for chest wall and neck reconstruction. The color of its skin paddle closely resembles that of facial skin, making it attractive for facial reconstruction. However, there has been insufficient investigations reporting the use of free IMAP flap. Furthermore, even in such studies, somewhat invasive procedures, including rib cartilage resection, were employed to ensure sufficient pedicle length, potentially increasing donor morbidity. Our report presents two cases of successful facial defect reconstruction using a free IMAP flap harvested with minimal donor site damage, showing its feasibility. In the first case, a 48-year-old male underwent wide excision for a malignant melanoma on his right cheek, resulting in a 4 × 4.5 cm full-thickness defect. A free IMAP flap with a 2.5 cm pedicle, was harvested without rib cartilage resection, preserving IMA main trunk, and transferred with anastomosed to the angular vessels within the defect. The second patient presented with a 4.5 × 3.5 cm basal cell carcinoma on the left cheek, necessitating wide excision and leaving a 6 × 5 cm defect. A free IMAP flap was harvested with the same approach and successfully reconstructed the defect with connected to the superficial temporal vessels using vascular bridge. Both patients were discharged complication-free, with no recurrence during 24 and 15 months of follow-up, respectively. They were highly satisfied with the final skin color and texture outcomes. Harvesting a free IMAP flap while minimizing donor morbidity may offer an attractive option for facial reconstruction.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of a Complex, Recurrent Case of Medial Thigh Sarcoma With Pedicled Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery Perforator (DIEP) Lymphatic Flow-Through (LyFT) Flap and Secondary Anterolateral Thigh (ALT) Free Flap With Innervated Vastus Lateralis Anastomosed to Synthetic Artery Graft: A Case Report","authors":"Federica Martini,&nbsp;Matteo Meroni,&nbsp;Mario F. Scaglioni","doi":"10.1002/micr.31224","DOIUrl":"10.1002/micr.31224","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare solid tumors of mesenchymal cell origin and account for only 1% of adult malignancies. They tend to occur most commonly in the lower extremities. Reconstruction after sarcoma resection can be challenging, especially when important structures are involved and recurrences occur. Additionally, more attention is now being paid to reconstructing the lymphatic system to prevent lymphatic complications. In this case report, we presented the management of recurrent medial thigh sarcoma that necessitated multiple challenging reconstructions to provide valuable insights for lectures on similar cases. A 50-year-old male patient was diagnosed with an undifferentiated pleomorphic cell sarcoma (UPS) of the anteromedial thigh. After preoperative radiotherapy, a mass of 23 × 15 cm was removed, and reconstruction with a pedicled deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (p-DIEP) flap-based lymphatic flow through (LyFT) was performed. Six months later, the patient developed the first local recurrence with the presence of a distant metastasis. Following the tumor resection, the medial part of the DIEP flap was de-epithelized and buried in the defect for dead space obliteration. Another local recurrence arose 7 months after the second surgery. Therefore, a major debulking surgery involving the femoral neurovascular bundle was performed. The femoral artery was reconstructed with a synthetic graft, and the femoral vein with the great saphenous vein harvested from the contralateral thigh. A composite myocutaneous neurotized anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap from the contralateral thigh was used to obliterate the defect and restore the loss of function of the quadriceps femoris. Two lymphaticovenular anastomoses (LVAs) were performed at the ankle to reduce the risk of lymphatic sequelae. This case report highlights the importance of integrating various techniques to create a tailored approach that effectively addresses complex surgical requirements to avoid limb amputation and maintain functionality.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Your Hands as a Visual Aide to Teach and Remember the Order of Suture Placement in Arterial Micro-Anastomosis","authors":"Elena Kakouri,&nbsp;Anna A. K. Khoo,&nbsp;Guido Köhler,&nbsp;Richard M. Haywood","doi":"10.1002/micr.31223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.31223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interposition of Free Vascularized Fascia Into the Trapezial Resection Cavity for the Surgical Treatment of Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis","authors":"Simo Mattila,&nbsp;Ville Haapamäki,&nbsp;Eero Waris","doi":"10.1002/micr.31221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.31221","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Backround</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis has been treated with interposition of autologous fascia into the trapezial resection cavity to prevent scaphometacarpal impingement with suboptimal results. Autologous fascia may undergo necrosis and gradual shrinkage due to avascularity. We propose vascularization of the interposed fascia using microvascular techniques as a new alternative to achieve a durable graft with sufficient soft tissue volume.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this retrospective study, 11 surgeries for 8 patients (6 women, 2 men) (5 primary and 6 revision cases) were performed using vascularized fascial grafts from the anterolateral thigh for interposition in the trapezial resection cavity with microvascular anastomosis for revascularization. Subjective assessment included the short version of the Quick Disabilities of the Hand, Shoulder and Arm and patient related hand wrist evaluation scores. Objective assessment included strength and range of motion measurements. Radiographs were obtained preoperatively and at each follow-up visit. An MRI was done at a mean of 19 months postoperatively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The size of the harvested fascial grafts was 2 × 2–3 cm with a thickness of 1.5–2 cm. There were no postoperative complications apart from one seroma in the graft harvest site. The mean clinical and radiologic follow-up was 2 years and 8 months. The procedure provided pain relief PRWHE pain 32 (SD 13)—9 (SD 12), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001, increased tip pinch strength 4 kg (SD3)—6 kg (SD2), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, and improved overall function PRWHE 60 (SD28)—16 (SD21), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 and QuickDash 50 (SD21)—13 (SD17), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001. Radiographs demonstrated maintenance of the scaphometacarpal space, while MRI scans showed the presence of mildly edematous interposed tissue within the resection cavity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although technically demanding, vascularized fascia presents an attractive alternative for the treatment of trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. It may be particularly advantageous in complex cases requiring revision surgery and in young patients with high functional demands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/micr.31221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thrombotic Consequences of COVID-19 Infection on Microsurgical Reconstruction","authors":"Sabrina H. Han,&nbsp;Kyle Ockerman,&nbsp;Matthew Kirchmier,&nbsp;Markos Mardourian,&nbsp;Jaimie Bryan,&nbsp;Elizabeth Cox,&nbsp;Harvey Chim,&nbsp;Lisa Spiguel,&nbsp;Arash Momeni,&nbsp;Sarah Sorice-Virk","doi":"10.1002/micr.31219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.31219","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evidence has shown increased morbidity and mortality for patients with COVID-19 infection within 7 weeks of surgery. However, no studies have specifically investigated the effects of COVID-19 in microsurgical outcomes. This study evaluated thrombotic and overall complications after free tissue transfer for a variety of indications in patients with and without previous COVID-19 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort study was performed in adult patients with or without a history of COVID-19 infection who underwent microsurgical reconstruction between 2017 and 2022. Patients with a history of COVID-19 infection were matched to controls based on age, gender, race, body mass index, history of diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertension, Caprini score, tobacco use, and flap indication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 2017 to 2022, 35 patients had a documented history of COVID-19. Matched case analysis determined a 4.8 times increased odds ratio of postoperative complications in the COVID-19 group compared with controls (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Significantly, more patients with COVID-19 experienced total or partial flap loss and anastomotic issues (COVID-19: 7/35, Control: 0/35; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference in incidence of VTE (COVID-19: 1/35, Control: 0/35; <i>p</i> = 0.493). Of note, 62.9% of the COVID-19 group were discharged on anticoagulants (versus 14.3% in the control group [<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 has dire, long-lasting effects on virtually every organ system, chief among them, the microcirculation. Further studies are needed to fully determine the extent and influence of COVID-19 on complex procedures such as free tissue transfer and how to optimize the screening, workup, and postoperative care to guard against the associated thrombotic consequences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The “Petals Arteriotomy”: A Technique for Upsizing Microvascular Anastomotic Coupler Device","authors":"Michalis Hadjiandreou,&nbsp;Youn Hwan Kim,&nbsp;Georgios Pafitanis","doi":"10.1002/micr.31226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.31226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully Telemetric Robotic Microsurgery: Clinical Experience With 23 Cases","authors":"Shaghayegh Gorji,&nbsp;Kai Wessel,&nbsp;Alexander Dermietzel,&nbsp;Matthias Aitzetmueller,&nbsp;Isa Wendenburg,&nbsp;Charalampos Varnava,&nbsp;Marie-Luise Klietz,&nbsp;Philipp Wiebringhaus,&nbsp;Tobias Hirsch,&nbsp;Maximilian Kueckelhaus","doi":"10.1002/micr.31227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.31227","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, there is an ongoing trend in plastic surgery with robotic-assisted microsurgery and supermicrosurgery devices being developed. Combining a telemetrically controlled robotic microscope with an also telemetrically controlled microsurgery robot unlocks synergistic effects with complete disconnection of the operating surgeon from the operating field. Here, we report the first clinical free flap reconstructions using this setup.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-three surgeries were performed with the combined remote approach using the Symani Surgical System and the RoboticScope in open microsurgery procedures. Anastomosis time and ischemia time were recorded. The surgical performance for anastomoses was assessed using the modified Structured Assessment of Microsurgical Skills (SAMS) score. Subjective satisfaction was evaluated by the surgeons in comparison with conventional microsurgery. To evaluate the learning curve, the senior authors first four (first group) and last four (last group) procedures were compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, flap survival was 95.7%. The average arterial anastomosis time was 36.7 ± 10.9 min. Total time of surgery was 277.7 ± 63.8 min, and ischemia time was 100.6 ± 24.9 min. Most SAMS score parameters were significantly higher in the last group of surgical procedures compared with the first operations. Subjective satisfaction was equal or better with the combined robotic-assisted approach in most categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data demonstrates safety and feasibility of the use of a combined remote approach. Robotic systems for microsurgical procedures may hold promising potential for improvement of surgical quality and open up new frontiers in microsurgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/micr.31227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the microsurgery fellowship match: 2019–2022 update","authors":"J. Reed McGraw MD,&nbsp;Reena S. Sulkar MBA,&nbsp;Chris Amro MD,&nbsp;Zachary Gala MD,&nbsp;Babak J. Mehrara MD,&nbsp;Alex K. Wong MD,&nbsp;Stephen J. Kovach III. MD, FACS,&nbsp;Evan Matros MD, MPH, MMSc,&nbsp;Saïd C. Azoury MD","doi":"10.1002/micr.31217","DOIUrl":"10.1002/micr.31217","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A recent analysis of microsurgery fellowship match data published in 2019 demonstrated increased competition for available positions. With growing opportunities in the field, the authors hypothesize that the landscape for both applicants and programs has become more competitive. The aim of this study is to compare two periods of match data to inform residents and programs in microsurgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microsurgery fellowship match data was obtained from the San Francisco Match with approval by the American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery for the years 2014–2022. Data were stratified into the categories of 2016–2018 and 2019–2022. Parameters assessed included: program and position fill rates, match rates, and in-service examination percentiles. Data were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square tests and unpaired <i>t</i>-tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median number of participating programs and positions increased to 29 and 47 in 2019–2022, compared with 23 and 40 in 2016–2018. This coincided with a decrease in the number of applicants per position (1.3 [52–40] vs. 1.1 [50–47], <i>p</i> = .45). There was a significant increase in the match rate between groups (67.8% vs. 80.2%, <i>p</i> = .007). Recently, 2022 saw the lowest position fill rate on record, at 75.4% (40 of 53 positions filled), down from 85.3% (35 of 41) in 2018 (<i>p</i> = .35) and 95.6% (43 of 45) in 2019 (<i>p</i> = .006). Mean in-service examination percentiles for successfully matched applicants did not differ between (2016–2018) and (2019–2022) applicants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent years have seen a rise in the number of microsurgery fellowship training programs with a decline in the number of applicants. Accordingly, there has been an increased match rate for prospective applicants. Despite this, a pool of unmatched applicants and unfilled positions with training opportunities still remain. The reasons for which are likely multifactorial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18600,"journal":{"name":"Microsurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}