Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira最新文献_第3页

Chemical characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts in corn silage re-ensiled with bacterial inoculant 用细菌接种剂复贮玉米青贮的化学特性、有氧稳定性和微生物计数

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900008

M. M. Coelho, L. Gonçalves, J. Rodrigues, K. Keller, G. D. Anjos, D. Ottoni, P. Michel, D. Jayme

{"title":"Chemical characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts in corn silage re-ensiled with bacterial inoculant","authors":"M. M. Coelho, L. Gonçalves, J. Rodrigues, K. Keller, G. D. Anjos, D. Ottoni, P. Michel, D. Jayme","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of re-ensiling and bacterial inoculation on the quality of corn silage. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2 factorial design with or without inoculant (association of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici), and with re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure or only ensiling of the whole plant of 'BRS 1055' corn. The fermentative quality, nutritional parameters, dry matter losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts of silages were evaluated. Re-ensiling caused an increase of pH and in acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations, as well as in the dry matter (DM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber crude protein contents. Conversely, there was a reduction in the nonfiber carbohydrates concentration and in in vitro dry matter digestibility for the re-ensiled material. All changes were explained by the higher-effluent production and DM loss of re-ensiled material that was subjected to two compactions. Microbiology was not altered by the treatments. The use of inoculant altered ash content, but it did not influence other parameters. In contrast, re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure caused a reduction in the nutritive value of corn silage and accentuated the DM losses.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124643126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Livestock intensification potential in Brazil based on agricultural census and satellite data analysis 基于农业普查和卫星数据分析的巴西畜牧业集约化潜力

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900009

A. E. Arantes, V. Couto, E. Sano, L. Ferreira

引用次数: 11

Characterization and biological activity of condensed tannins from tropical forage legumes 热带牧草豆科植物浓缩单宁的特性及生物活性

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900011

T. P. Pereira, E. Modesto, D. Nepomuceno, O. F. D. Oliveira, Rafaela Freitas, J. Muir, J. C. B. Dubeux Júnior, J. Almeida

{"title":"Characterization and biological activity of condensed tannins from tropical forage legumes","authors":"T. P. Pereira, E. Modesto, D. Nepomuceno, O. F. D. Oliveira, Rafaela Freitas, J. Muir, J. C. B. Dubeux Júnior, J. Almeida","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to characterize condensed tannins (CT) from six tropical forage legumes and to determine their biological activity. The monomers propelargonidin, prodelphinidin and procyanidin were analyzed, as well as extractable condensed tannin (ECT), protein-bound CT (PBCT) and fiber-bound CT (FBCT), molecular weight, degree of polymerization, polydispersity index, and biological activity by protein precipitate by phenols (PPP) of leaves of the legumes Cajanus cajan, Gliricidia sepium, Stylosanthes capitata x Stylosanthes macrocephala (stylo), Flemingia macrophylla, Cratylia argentea, and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, and of the bark of this latter species. Differences were observed in the concentrations of ECT, PBCT, PPP, and total condensed tannin among species, but not in that of FBCT. The highest value of PBCT occurred in F. macrophylla. Total CT varied from nondetected concentration in C. argentea to the highest concentration in M. caesalpiniifolia leaves that contain the greatest levels of PPP. No differences were observed for polymerization degree in stylo, F. macrophylla, and M. caesalpiniifolia. Leaves of stylo, C. cajan, and G. sepium, all containing between 20 and 50 g kg-1 total CT, should be beneficial CT sources, if offered as sole feeds in ruminant diets. The ratio of prodelphinidin:procyanidin varies from 10:80 (stylo) to 65:35 (F. machrophylla), and propelargonidin is only determined in C. argentea.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132553528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Early selection of Cabralea canjerana for propagation by mini-cutting 小扦插繁殖的早期选育

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900005

C. Burin, D. Bisognin, K. H. Lencina, E. S. Gimenes

{"title":"Early selection of Cabralea canjerana for propagation by mini-cutting","authors":"C. Burin, D. Bisognin, K. H. Lencina, E. S. Gimenes","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to define an early selection strategy to identify Cabralea canjerana (Meliaceae) clones with high multiplication rate. A mini-garden of 109 clones of canjerana seedlings was established in a completely randomized design, in an acclimatized greenhouse. From seedlings, the mini-stumps and mini-cuttings were obtained. Mini-cuttings were collected at five different times, and the number of mini-cuttings per mini-stump, rooting percentage, and number of rooted mini-cuttings were quantified. The number of rooted mini-cuttings per mini-stump was the only trait that showed high correlation with the others. Five groups of clones based on the number of rooted mini-cuttings per mini-stump were separated using k-means clustering, and the genetic gain from selection and Pearson correlation were estimated. The selection of the two best groups in each evaluation period resulted in high genetic gains from selection for all evaluated traits. Early selection for the number of rooted mini-cuttings discarded 65% of the evaluated clones, which increases experimental precision in evaluations of traits associated with plantlet growth and quality. Early selection for the number of rooted mini-cuttings per mini-stump at different times allows the identification of Cabralea canjerana clones with high multiplication rate.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125027001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Impacts of water availability on macronutrients in fruit and leaves of conilon coffee 水分有效性对柯尼隆咖啡果实和叶片中常量营养素的影响

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900006

A. Covre, F. Partelli, R. Bonomo, M. Tomaz, J. Ramalho

{"title":"Impacts of water availability on macronutrients in fruit and leaves of conilon coffee","authors":"A. Covre, F. Partelli, R. Bonomo, M. Tomaz, J. Ramalho","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the concentrations and accumulation of macronutrients in conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) fruit, and their concentrations in leaves, over two years, in irrigated and nonirrigated coffee plants. Three-year-old conilon coffee plants of the cultivar Emcapa 8111 genotype 02 were used. An experimental design was carried out in randomized complete blocks, in a split-plot arrangement, with 14 replicates. The main plot factor was irrigation versus nonirrigation of coffee plants, and the split-plot factor was different fruit and leaf collection times. Collections began 10 days after the beginning of flowering and were performed on average every 28 days, until full fruit ripening. At each sampling date, five plants per treatment were picked out, by collecting one plagiotropic branch by plant, separated into fruit and leaves. Each part was dried, weighed, and subjected to the chemical analysis. Macronutrient accumulations and their accumulation rates were determined. According to the regression analysis of the data, fruit macronutrient accumulation curves fit best to sigmoidal equations. Irrigation affects the macronutrient dynamics in fruit and leaves during the fruiting phase of conilon coffee, and increases the accumulation of nutrients in the plant tissues. The macronutrients found in greater quantities are N, K, and Ca, in fruit and leaves, regardless of the irrigation treatment.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125952306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Alternative reference evapotranspiration methods for the main climate types of the state of Paraná, Brazil 巴西帕拉纳州主要气候类型的备选参考蒸散发方法

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900003

B. C. Gurski, D. Jerszurki, J. L. M. Souza

引用次数: 7

Relationship among Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and vegetative-reproductive variables in pear in Brazil 巴西梨虫孢子病严重程度、落叶和营养生殖变量的关系

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800003

A. Bogo, M. J. Gonçalves, R. Sanhueza, L. Rufato, R. Casa, B. Bem, F. N. Silva

{"title":"Relationship among Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and vegetative-reproductive variables in pear in Brazil","authors":"A. Bogo, M. J. Gonçalves, R. Sanhueza, L. Rufato, R. Casa, B. Bem, F. N. Silva","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship among Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and vegetative-reproductive variables of three European pear cultivars in Southern Brazil. The Packham’s Triumph, Abate Fetel, and Williams pear cultivars were assessed regarding Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and natural leaf fall every two weeks, from the appearance of the first symptoms at the beginning of January until the end of April, during the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 crop seasons. The vegetative and reproductive variables were evaluated in July, during the dormant period. Data on Entomosporium severity were integrated over time and converted into the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The coefficient of determination (R2) of the linear regression of Entomosporium severity versus defoliation was significant for all studied cultivars and crop seasons. Defoliation in trees affected by Entomosporium was significantly higher than natural leaf fall in the control trees protected by fungicides. A negative correlation was observed among defoliation, branch fertility index, and plant height, indicating that the higher the defoliation, the lower the development of the vegetative and reproductive variables plant height and vigor. Entomosporium severity differed significantly among cultivars when the AUDPC was considered the differentiating epidemiological variable. The Abate Fetel and Williams pear cultivars are the most susceptible and resistant to Entomosporium, respectively.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130996902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Proline content of sunflower cultivars in the Brazilian semiarid region 巴西半干旱区向日葵品种脯氨酸含量

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800012

L. M. D. Carvalho, S. B. D. Araújo, H. D. Carvalho, C. G. P. Carvalho

引用次数: 0

Influence of ryegrass managements on the physical properties of a Haplohumox 黑麦草管理对单倍虫物理特性的影响

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800010

B. Vizioli, Karina Maria Vieira Cavalieri-Polizeli, G. Barth

{"title":"Influence of ryegrass managements on the physical properties of a Haplohumox","authors":"B. Vizioli, Karina Maria Vieira Cavalieri-Polizeli, G. Barth","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000800010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) managements on the physical properties of a Haplohumox, and on the yields of corn and of ryegrass cultivated in succession to corn. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, with three treatments and three replicates, in which treatments were the different managements of ryegrass under no-tillage for silage, soil cover, and grazing. After nine years of management, samples were collected at 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.20, and 0.20-0.30-m soil depths, to determine the following soil properties: texture, total organic carbon, soil bulk density, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, and resistance to root penetration. The index of structural stability was estimated from texture and total organic carbon data. Maximum soil bulk density and permanent wilting point were also estimated from pedotransfer functions. Corn and ryegrass dry matter yields were determined from plants harvested inside the plot area. Total organic carbon content increased as depth increased. The ryegrass managements in no-tillage system, in succession to corn, does not influence the soil physical properties of a Haplohumox, and maintains high corn and ryegrass yields.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134260294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Genetic parameters of traits at the juvenile stage of different assai palm tree progenies 不同assai棕榈树后代幼树期性状的遗传参数

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018000700005

Patricia Cardoso Andrade Navegantes, Maria do Socorro Padilha de Oliveira, J. A. R. Nunes

引用次数: 3