Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira最新文献

Silicon in cacao plants exposed to UV-B radiation 暴露于紫外线-B 辐射的可可植物中的硅

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03083

L. V. Zanetti, E. Werner, G. Cuzzuol, C. R. Milanez

{"title":"Silicon in cacao plants exposed to UV-B radiation","authors":"L. V. Zanetti, E. Werner, G. Cuzzuol, C. R. Milanez","doi":"10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03083","url":null,"abstract":"– The objective of this work was to evaluate silicon capacity to mitigate the damaging effects of UV-B radiation on cacao ( Theobroma cacao ) plants. For the experiment, homogeneous cacao plants produced from seeds collected from a clonal population were subjected to the following treatments: UVB- Si, no UV-B exposure and no addition of Si (control); UV-B+ Si, UV-B exposure of 3.0 kJ m -2 per day and no addition of Si; and UV-B+ Si+, UV-B exposure of 3.0 kJ m -2 per day and addition of 2.0 mmol L -1 Si. The molybdenum blue technique was used to determine Si concentrations. For each selected plant, the following were determined: number of leaves; leaf area; root, stem, and leaf dry mass; anatomy of fully expanded leaves; gas exchange; chlorophyll a fluorescence; total soluble sugar concentrations using ethanol extract; and antioxidant enzyme activity. The plants showed a higher leaf and total biomass when treated with Si, as well as lower concentrations of chlorophyll, carotenoids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and polyphenols under UV-B radiation. Si inhibits the net CO 2 assimilation rate and the dark mitochondrial respiration rate. Therefore, Si application on cacao plants mitigates the damaging effects of UV-B, reduces carbon consumption through cellular respiration, and decreases the production of UV-B-absorbing compounds.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139348583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic potential of maize full-sib progenies subjected to a reciprocal recurrent selection 接受往复循环选择的玉米全同胞后代的遗传潜力

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03134

César Pedro, Maria Angélica Marçola, Alcides Mário Charimba, Lorena Gabriela Coelho de Queiroz, João Cândido de Souza

{"title":"Genetic potential of maize full-sib progenies subjected to a reciprocal recurrent selection","authors":"César Pedro, Maria Angélica Marçola, Alcides Mário Charimba, Lorena Gabriela Coelho de Queiroz, João Cândido de Souza","doi":"10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03134","url":null,"abstract":"– The objective of this work was to quantify the genetic potential of full-sib maize progenies subjected to a reciprocal recurrent selection, in order to obtain high-yielding hybrids. The experiment was carried out in the alpha lattice design, with three replicates and 24 blocks. One hundred and two full-sib maize progenies, from the crossing of two populations and two checks, were evaluated for the following traits: grain yield, seed mass, number of ears per plant, days to maturity, days to anthesis, days to silking, anthesis-silking interval, ear height, plant height, ear position, and stem lodging. Genetic parameters were estimated through REML/BLUP and multivariate analyses (correlation and similarity network, cluster heat map, and genetic gains). There are genetic variability and divergent clusters among the studied full-sib maize progenies. Seed mass, number of ears per plant, and anthesis-silking interval are the traits that most contribute to the improvement of grain yield and divergence among the full-sib maize progenies. Genetic potential should be exploited through the selection and recombination in reciprocal recurrent selection to obtain high-yielding hybrids.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139349029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leaf anatomy of 'Marandu' grass cultivated in plant arrangements in agrosilvopastoral systems “Marandu”草在农林系统植物安排中的叶片解剖

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200004

M. V. Santos, E. Ferreira, P. Cruz, V. Ribeiro, B. B. Alencar, Cássia Michelle Cabral, D. Francino, I. Aspiazú

{"title":"Leaf anatomy of 'Marandu' grass cultivated in plant arrangements in agrosilvopastoral systems","authors":"M. V. Santos, E. Ferreira, P. Cruz, V. Ribeiro, B. B. Alencar, Cássia Michelle Cabral, D. Francino, I. Aspiazú","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different arrangements of eucalyptus plants on the morphoanatomical characteristics of leaf blades of 'Marandu' grass [(Urochloa brizantha (Syn. Brachiaria brizantha)] plants cultivated in agrosilvopastoral systems. The experiment was set in field conditions in a randomized complete block design with four replicates, in which the plots were represented by planting spacings of eucalyptus (12x2 and 12x4 m), and the subplots, by the distance between 'Marandu' grass and eucalyptus rows (6, 4, and 2 m). A control was added, composed by 'Marandu' grass cultivated in full sun. Variables of the leaf anatomy of 'Marandu' grass were evaluated for shading interference by trees. The distance of 'Marandu' grass plants from the eucalyptus lines interfered with the leaf blade anatomy of the forage, and the highest modifications occurred in linear measures and tissue proportions in the arrangements with the highest eucalyptus density. The shading interference of eucalyptus on the anatomical characteristics of leaf blades of 'Marandu' grass depends on the adopted arrangement. This occurs due to the grass adaptation to the low-light incidence, with a consequent reduction in its physiological activity and growth.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128609204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Commercial formulations of Bacillus spp. for sugarcane pineapple disease control and growth promotion 防治甘蔗菠萝病害和促进生长的芽孢杆菌商业配方

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200003

F. Brandi, D. Heck, Thiago Costa Ferreira, W. Bettiol

{"title":"Commercial formulations of Bacillus spp. for sugarcane pineapple disease control and growth promotion","authors":"F. Brandi, D. Heck, Thiago Costa Ferreira, W. Bettiol","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the commercial formulations of Bacillus subtilis QST-713 and Bacillus pumilus QST-2808 on mycelial growth inhibition of Thielaviopsis paradoxa, for the control of the pineapple disease and growth promotion in sugarcane. The inhibition of mycelial growth was evaluated in paired culture tests. Bacillus isolates were transferred to Petri dishes 48 hours before the pathogen, and the zone of inhibition was determined. The direct effect of the autoclaved commercial formulations at 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0% on the inhibition of pathogen mycelial growth was evaluated. Bacillus spp. potential in controlling the disease and promoting plant growth was evaluated in assays on plant development and disease severity, both under controlled conditions and in the field. Bacillus isolates inhibited pathogen mycelial growth; however, the isolates did not control the disease effectively in the growth chamber and in the field. In the field assay without infestation by the pathogen, all treatments with biocontrol agents and fungicide increased the yield of cane stalks and sugar per hectare, compared with the control. In the assay with infestation by the pathogen, the B. pumilus-based product (2.0 L ha-1) and fungicide differed from the control only for the variable number of tillers.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133977232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Agro-industry production of sugarcane grown using subsurface drip fertigation with nitrogen and potassium 利用氮钾地下滴灌施肥种植甘蔗的农用工业生产

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200007

F. N. Nascimento, A. S. A. Andrade Júnior, E. A. Bastos, V. Q. Ribeiro, Alzeneide da Silva Lopes

引用次数: 1

Estimates of genetic parameters and cluster analysis for worm resistance and resilience in Santa Inês meat sheep 圣诞老人Inês肉羊抗虫和抗虫力遗传参数估计及聚类分析

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200006

Elisa Junqueira Oliveira, R. Savegnago, L. Freitas, A. P. Freitas, S. R. Maia, F. F. Simili, L. Faro, R. Costa, Mário Luiz Santana Júnior, C. Paz

{"title":"Estimates of genetic parameters and cluster analysis for worm resistance and resilience in Santa Inês meat sheep","authors":"Elisa Junqueira Oliveira, R. Savegnago, L. Freitas, A. P. Freitas, S. R. Maia, F. F. Simili, L. Faro, R. Costa, Mário Luiz Santana Júnior, C. Paz","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate genetic parameters for traits related to resistance to endoparasites in Santa Inês sheep, for a possible inclusion in sheep breeding programs, as well as to evaluate the additive genetic pattern of the animals using cluster analyzes, in order to assess whether there are groups within the population that can be used as candidates for selection for resistance to endoparasites. The studied traits were: Famacha score, fecal egg counts (FEC), packed cell volume (PCV), total plasma protein (TPP), body condition score (BCS), and body weight (BW). Heritability estimates ranged from 0.17 (0.05) for TPP to 0.31 (0.07) for BCS. The cluster analyzes based on the breeding values identified four clusters. Famacha and BCS can be recommended as selection criteria for resistance to hematophagous endoparasites because they can respond to selection and are easy to be measured. Animals from cluster 1 have great potential as candidates for selection because of their additive genetic pattern, taking into account body weight and endoparasite resistance due to higher breeding values for BW, BCS, PCV, and TPP and lower breeding values for Famacha and FEC.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117188635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

In vitro propagation of sacha inchi through organogenesis 柞蚕体外器官发生繁殖的研究

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100012

R. Solís, D. Cachique, J. C. Guerrero-Abad, María Sánchez, Lourdes Tapia y Figueroa

引用次数: 8

Duration of the effects of scarification and raised bed associated with vegetation cover on soybean yield on an Alfisol 刈割和与植被覆盖相关的抬高床对大豆产量影响的持续时间

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100005

Silvana Spaniol Fin, E. Marchesan, P. I. Gubiani, João Alberto Pedroso Farenzena, Marcos Stefanello Murari, L. L. Coelho, A. Cargnelutti Filho, B. B. Aramburu

{"title":"Duration of the effects of scarification and raised bed associated with vegetation cover on soybean yield on an Alfisol","authors":"Silvana Spaniol Fin, E. Marchesan, P. I. Gubiani, João Alberto Pedroso Farenzena, Marcos Stefanello Murari, L. L. Coelho, A. Cargnelutti Filho, B. B. Aramburu","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the duration of the effects of the mechanical interventions scarification and raised bed on soybean (Glycine max) grain yield on an Alfisol, as well as to evaluate, through physical indicators, if the use of cover plants during winter increases the duration of these effects. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with four replicates. Two factors were evaluated. The first consisted of types of soil preparation systems: SC14, scarification in November 2014; SC15, scarification in November 2015; RB14, raised bed built in November 2014; and RB15, raised bed built in November 2015. The second consisted of the type of cover crop used: winter fallow, oat, ryegrass, and wheat. From November 2015 to April 2016, soybean was cultivated under the different soil preparation systems. Soil density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil resistance to mechanical penetration, and soybean grain yield were evaluated. There was no effect of cover plants after one crop season on the maintenance of soil physical attributes. Changes in soil density, total porosity, and resistance to mechanical penetration, promoted by scarification, are noticeable up to at least 18 months. The continuance of these modifications reflects in soybean grain yield in the second harvest.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121742666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

On-the-go tropical soil sensing for pH determination using ion-selective electrodes 用离子选择电极测定热带土壤pH值

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100001

Fernanda de Souza Silva, J. Molin

{"title":"On-the-go tropical soil sensing for pH determination using ion-selective electrodes","authors":"Fernanda de Souza Silva, J. Molin","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the performance of an antimony ion-selective electrode (ISE) sensor system, using manual and automatic operating modes, for measuring the potential of hydrogen (pH), in real time, in Oxisols with different characteristics. Samples were manually collected and sent to a laboratory for determination of pH in water and calcium chloride, whose values were used as references. Another set of samples was also automatically collected using a commercial equipment, and readings were performed in manual mode. The performance parameters of the sensor system were calculated and evaluated. Part of the soil samples was used to assess the degree of influence of moisture in determining pH. Calibration lines were constructed. The statistical analysis revealed better results for the manual mode. Both modes of operation had errors superior to those accepted as a limit in laboratory techniques, however, with the possibility of high data density and with positive and promising results. Soil moisture interfered with the result of the readings. The sensor system yields a sampling density of 45 data per hectare, which represents a great contribution to the intensification of data for a better spatial evaluation of soil information.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128445402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Morphological characteristics and proportion of leaf blade tissues of elephant grass clones under sheep grazing 放牧条件下象草无性系叶片组织形态特征及比例研究

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100009

B. L. Viana, A. Mello, A. Guim, M. A. Lira, J. C. B. Dubeux Júnior, M. V. F. Santos, M. V. Cunha

{"title":"Morphological characteristics and proportion of leaf blade tissues of elephant grass clones under sheep grazing","authors":"B. L. Viana, A. Mello, A. Guim, M. A. Lira, J. C. B. Dubeux Júnior, M. V. F. Santos, M. V. Cunha","doi":"10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The objective of this work was to characterize morphologically elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes and to estimate their proportions of leaf blade tissues under grazing. Two tall varieties (Elephant B and IRI-381) and three short ones (Mott, Taiwan A-146 2.37, and Taiwan A-146 2.114) were evaluated under intermittent sheep grazing as to the following morphological characteristics: plant height, internode length, and leaf blade/culm ratio. Moreover, the proportions of the following leaf blade tissues were estimated: sclerenchyma, adaxial and abaxial epidermis, bulliform cells, vascular bundles, phloem, vascular sheath, xylem, and mesophyll. The short varieties were 28.6% shorter than the tall ones and showed higher leaf blade/culm ratio; Mott and Taiwan A-146 2.114 had the shortest internodes of 3.9 and 4.7 cm, respectively, over ten grazing cycles. The clones differed regarding their proportions of leaf blade tissues, except for abaxial epidermis, phloem, and xylem. The differences in morphological characteristics indicate that the short clones Mott and Taiwan A-146 2.114 are better adapted to sheep grazing, and, therefore, may be recommended for the improvement of pastures.","PeriodicalId":185886,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126043323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4