Medical and Health Science Journal最新文献

{"title":"Association of endothelial nitric oxyde synthase (eNOS) levels and modifiable risk factors for acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (AMI-STE)","authors":"D. Leona, Masrul Syafri","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.5672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.5672","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The pathological process underlying myocardial infarction is atherosclerotic thrombosis that causes endothelial dysfunction. In the AMI-STE process, eNOS has functions as the body's defense mechanism to prevent more severe damage to the endothelium. Decreased eNOS levels were found in modifiable AMI risk factors. This study aimed to determine the association of eNOS levels based on modifiable risk factors for AMI-STE patients. \u0000Method. This study was an analytical observational study with a historical cohort design. The samples were patients with AMI-STE diagnosis who had undergone PPCI at M. Djamil Hospital Padang from March to June 2022. The eNOS levels were taken from the blood samples. Modifiable AMI risk factors were taken from patient’s medical record. The T test was carried out to determine statistical analysis. \u0000Results. The average age of the 38 subjects was 62.53 ± 8.2 years, and 92.1% among them were male, and 52.6% subjects were diagnosed with anterior AMI-STE. The average eNOS level in subjects was 47.47 ± 23.88 (normal level is 48.16 pg/mL). More than half (73.5%) of the subjects in low eNOS group had diabetes mellitus as risk factor (P<0.0001) and most subjects (78.9%) in group with low eNOS had hypertension (p=0.022). Other risk factors, namely dyslipidemia and smoking, were also more common in group with low eNOS. However, statistical tests showed that there was no statistically association between eNOS levels with dyslipidemia and smoking. \u0000Conclusion. There was statistically significant association between eNOS levels with diabetes mellitus and hypertension as modifiable risk factors for AMI-STE.","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and Infant Mortality Rates’s Contributing Factors Description and Its Prevention in Kencong Healthcare Center, Jember Regency : A Descriptive Study","authors":"D. D. Parti, J. Firdaus, E. N. Sakinah, Arinie Awindya Lubis, Florence Marianty Pattipeilohy","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.4099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.4099","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maternal Mortality Rates (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rates (IMR) are two of the indicators on the success of health programs in Indonesia. Jember has become the district with the highest rate of maternal and infant deaths throughout 2020-2021.\u0000Methods: This research assessed the contributing factors of MMR and IMR in Puskesmas Kencong, Jember Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research design. Data in this study were taken by conducting interviews to fill out questionnaires to mothers who had given birth at least once and the Coordinating Midwife and Head Midwife of PONED (Basic Emergency Neonatal Obstetrics Services) at the Puskesmas Kencong. Then the data from the questionnaires and interviews will be processed and then explained in the narrative.\u0000Results:. Based on data from questionnaires filled out by 37 respondents, as well as questions posed to the midwife, Puskesmas Kencong has fulfilled the requirements needed as a PONED Health Center according to PONED Guidelines.\u0000Conclusion: The PONED Health Center at Kencong Health Center has a low prevalence of MMR and IMR.","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"128 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141115301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of knowledge and awareness among parents regarding the care of children with thalassaemia","authors":"Johari Daud Makajil, Zerah Taising, D. Thomas, Rose A. Nain","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.5299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.5299","url":null,"abstract":"Background This study assessed parental knowledge and awareness of children with thalassemia. Thalassemia care among 65 parents at a Kota Kinabalu hospital focuses on parental knowledge and awareness of children with thalassemia. The objectives were to identify parents' level of knowledge of thalassemia care and assess their awareness of specific care needs.\u0000Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of the thalassemia families of patients at Likas Women and Children's Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Using random sampling. The study involved 65 respondents from Sabah Women and Children in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Data from questionnaires and tests were processed using SPSS version 24, with descriptive statistics analysing frequency and percentage, expressed as mean ± standard deviation.\u0000 Results Most respondents had a high level of knowledge about thalassemia, an inherited disease caused by insufficient red blood cell supply. They understood that untreated conditions could deteriorate thalassemia patients but could lead normal lives with proper therapy. They also knew that thalassemia could be detected through blood tests and that blood donation could be beneficial. However, they had moderate knowledge of the connection between thalassemia and anaemia, blood transfusions as the only treatment, and their ability to identify and avoid thalassemia during pregnancy.\u0000Conclusion This study emphasises the need for education, community engagement, and healthcare involvement to enhance the understanding and support of individuals with thalassemia, suggesting that comprehensive strategies, including education programs and collaborations with local organisations, can be implemented.","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"106 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of enzymes in drug discovery research: A Review","authors":"Muhammad Akram, Sadat Ali Syed, Narayana K, Shilpa M, R. Zainab, M. Khalil, Sadia Zafar","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.5205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.5205","url":null,"abstract":"Enzymes have effectively substituted many conventional chemical catalysts-reliant pharmaceutical drug manufacturing procedures. From this v-prospect, the use of enzymes in drug discovery research is quite encouraging. Numerous enzymes have been demonstrated to perform detoxification at the cellular level, for instance, the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These enzymes work simultaneously to neutralize oxygen-free radical species. The enzyme-mediated pharmaceutical procedures include the synthesis of diverse semi-artificial antibiotics, dynamic enantiomers of medicines through kinetic determination, production of enantiomerically unadulterated types of amino acids, and others.  Enzymes are being used to treat cancer and infectious disorders where antibiotics are no longer effective because of antibiotic resistance. Thus, the present article aims to review the diverse use of enzymes in the drug industries and discuss the features of enzymes that make them suitable drug candidates.","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"118 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchronization of Sputum Conversion and Resolution of Intensive Phase Lesion Areas on Thorax X-rays Determinants of Prognosis for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Therapy","authors":"Utami Ambarsari, Muzaijadah Retno Arimbi, Lysa Veterini, Yunita Lestari Indrianto, N. Candini, H. Notobroto","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4565","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Diagnosis of TB can be confirmed in two ways, namely bacteriological diagnosis (if AFB sputum is found (+) and clinical diagnosis is (if BTA sputum is found (-), but chest X-ray is (+) TB). Objective: to determine the alignment of sputum conversion and extensive resolution of intensive phase lesions on chest radiographs which determine the prognosis of pulmonary TB therapy. Methods: The study design was a retrospective cohort analytic with a retrospective longitudinal study design. Data from medical records of pulmonary TB patients who have undergone therapy for six months or more at the Pulmonary Polyclinic RSI Jemursari Surabaya. The number of samples was 48 patients aged 41-60 years. All of these pulmonary TB patients were smear positive (BTA+). X-ray examination was done before and after therapy. Results: analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test to assess differences in the grade of lung lesions before and after therapy, obtained p = 0.003 (p <0.05) meaning there is a significant difference. Sputum conversion was also carried out after therapy, 89.6% of TB patients in this study experienced sputum conversion (BTA negative). To determine the alignment of sputum conversion with the resolution of lesion area, Kappa coefficient analysis K=0.033 (p>0.05) was performed with the results of 50% of patients, 47.9% showed improvement in lung lesions and sputum conversion, while 2.1% showed no improvement of lung lesions and no sputum conversion. The rest, 50% showed no congruence in the results of lung lesion repair and sputum conversion. Conclusion: The results of Kappa coefficient analysis showed that K=-0.110 (p>0.05) showed that there was no congruence between the results of chest x-ray examination of lung lesions before and after therapy (improved or not) with sputum conversion","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"100 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139239926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics IgM and IgG SARS-CoV-2 in Recovery patients with Negative Evaluation RT-PCR","authors":"Jusup Endang, M. Sariyanti, Dessy Triana, Debie Rizqoh, Nugraheni Enny","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4359","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus is the major pathogens at human respiratory system. The antibody is a response infected patients largely not clearly. We need to understanding of antibody responses to great diagnosis and treatment studies. Objective: In this article the objective is to describe that kinetics of IgM and IgG SARS-CoV-2 in recovery patients. Method: Cohort study used a total 19 subjects who had negative evaluation RT-PCR after confirmed. IgG and IgM of SARS-CoV-2 were detected by IFA (Immuno fluorosence assay) used serum. Serum were collected 3 times after 1 month, 2 month and 4 month negative evaluation RT-PCR We profiled the serological responses (IgM and IgG) to SARS-CoV-2. Result: Majority the IgM SARS-CoV-2 post evaluation RT-PCR were very low after 1,2,4 month negative evaluation. IgG SAR-CoV-2 patients post negative evaluation RT-PCR decreased after 4 months. The level IgM and IgG level increase at first week and decrease after 12 weeks. Conclusion: IgM level lower than IgG level overtime. Quantitative IgG and IgM detection could be point of diagnosis and manifestation.","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139251392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative Wound Treatment in DMT2 Patients Using Honey","authors":"Putu Pradnyasanti Laksmi, Made Ratna Saraswati, Ratna Rayeni Natasha Rooseno, Made Ratih Santi Devinta, Agus Santosa","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4645","url":null,"abstract":"Background : The number of diabetic patients in Indonesia is on the rise. In contrast to typical wounds in non DMT2 patients, chronic wounds in DMT2 patients heal more slowly, which makes it difficult to achieve complete primary wound healing. Thus, surgery is frequently required to achieve optimal healing. Patients' physical condition, age, comorbidities, and financial circumstances such as high medical costs frequently limiting patients from receiving comprehensive care, resulting alternative treatments are required to treat chronic wounds in DMT2 patients whom prefer conventional medications, addressing all circumstances. Honey, in addition to having fructose compounds, which has the benefit of increasing glucose homeostasis and insulin response, resulting in lower insulin and plasma glucose levels, also has been shown to contain anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial substances that aid in wound healing. Thus, it may be an alternative therapy for chronic wound in DMT2 patients. Methods : A Case-series studies of four DMT2 patients who were referred to Plastic and Reconstructive Outpatient ward with chronic wound were evaluated on a monthly basis following conservative treatment using Nusantara local honey-coated gauze. Result : Secondary wound healing, which can be assessed from the epithelialization process started from the peri-wound area has been obtained through monthly observations. Conclusion : Honey is used as an alternative therapy for patients with diabetic foot ulcers due to its anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties in the wound healing process. Furthermore, honey is considered less expensive and more affordable alternative for patients with co-morbidities that is impossible to operate, or with financial limitations. Keywords: DMT2, Chronic wound, Honey","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"304 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139254088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of ERG 11 expression in clinical isolates of dermatophytes in patients with resistant Tinea infection.","authors":"Shyama Datt, Thakur Datt, Narandra Pal Singh","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4046","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dermatophytes are keratinophilic groups of microorganisms which invade keratinized tissue.&#x0D; Objective:1 - Isolate and identify the dermatophyte species from samples collected from patients suffering from onychomycosis, tinea corporis and tinea cruris; and perform in vitro microbroth antifungal susceptibility testing.&#x0D; Objective:2 - Further, the expression of Ergosterol 11 (ERG 11) amongst the isolates from responders and non-responders to antifungal treatment was studied by Real-time PCR.&#x0D; Methods &amp; Results: A total of 120 dermatophytosis cases attending a dermatological clinic in a tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Microscopy of KOH mount was positive in 90 isolates while 60 were culture positive. The most common dermatophytes implicated were Trichophyton mentagrophytes (75%) followed by Trichophyton rubrum (25%) which were molecularly confirmed by PCR using the species-specific primer. Higher MIC was detected for fluconazole (10 %), itraconazole (3.33 %), terbinafine (10 %) and griseofulvin (5 %), for T. mentagrophytes and T rubrum, while all strains showed lower MIC for voriconazole and luliconazole.&#x0D; Interpretation &amp; Conclusion: The study observed a predominance of T. mentagrophytes causing chronic dermatophytosis. The rising MIC to terbinafine and griseofulvin among the isolates raises a concern for effective management. The real-time PCR analysis of ERG 11 expression in certain isolates demonstrated up-regulation in patients not responding to treatment as compared to responders, the impending failure of azoles as a line of treatment in dermatophytosis.","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"37 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134993143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Calciphylaxis Secondary to end Stage Renal Failure: A Case Report","authors":"Muhammad Syafiq bin Mohammad Isa, Wan Ahmad Syahril Rozli Wan Ali","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v7i02.4639","url":null,"abstract":"Calciphylaxis is a vascular calcification disease causing skin necrosis which contributes to high morbidity and mortality. Its exact pathogenesis is currently unknown but is commonly associated with chronic renal failure, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism and a variety of hypercoagulable state. It is relatively rare but may occur in 1-4% of patients with End Stage Renal Failure (ESRF).1 We are reporting a case of young lady with underlying ESRF presented with vascular and skin calciphylaxis.","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"37 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134992978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Molluscicidal Activities of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Onion Bulb (Allium Sativum) Against Bulinus Wrighti","authors":"YUSUF SARKINGOBIR","doi":"10.33086/mhsj.v7i01.4697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v7i01.4697","url":null,"abstract":"Schistosomiasis is a disease of public health importance in the tropics and subtropics. However, the synthetic materials for prevention of the intermediate host of the disease are harmful, scarce, and toxic. Thus, an evaluation of molluscicidal activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the bulb of Allium sativum against Bulinus wrighti were carried out. Snails were exposed to various concentrations of plant preparations in laboratory conditions in a plastic aquarium containing 3L of de-chlorinated water for 96h continuously. Mortality was recorded at every 24hours interval for 96hours. The study shows that, molluscicidal activities are time and dose dependent against snails. The ethanolic extract was more toxic than aqueous extract. Ethanolic extract of A. sativum was found highly toxic to B. wrighti (24hrs. LC50: 97.07mg/l; 96hrs: 21.70mg/l). Chemical profile of aqueous extracts of A. sativum showed the presence of some secondary metabolites. A. sativum extracts showed histopathological signs to hermaphrodite glands and the digestive tract of the treated snails. This study showed that, this plant can be used as molluscicides. This study recommends the use of ethanolic and aqueous extract of A. sativum for the control of B. wrighti.&#x0D; &#x0D;","PeriodicalId":18554,"journal":{"name":"Medical and Health Science Journal","volume":"37 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134993144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}