Mineralogy and Petrology最新文献

{"title":"Water and diamond inventory in cratonic eclogite and pyroxenite xenoliths from the Sask and Superior Cratons linked to tectonomagmatic craton reactivation","authors":"Rondi M. Davies,&nbsp;Sonja Aulbach,&nbsp;Thomas Stachel","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00932-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00932-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Victor pipe (Attawapiskat kimberlite field, Superior Craton) and Star pipe (Fort à la Corne or FalC kimberlites, Sask Craton) host unconventional, lherzolite-associated diamond deposits. We used FTIR spectroscopy to quantify water contents in eclogite and pyroxenite mantle xenoliths from both localities in order to assess how Proterozoic tectonomagmatism, related to the Midcontinent Rift and Mackenzie Dike Swarm, affected the water inventory during craton reactivation. Fifteen eclogites and pyroxenites from Attawapiskat have C(H₂O) contents ranging from 269 to 883 (average 500) µg/g in clinopyroxene and 14 to 318 (average 70) µg/g in garnet. Clinopyroxene in seven eclogites and pyroxenites from FALC have C(H₂O) contents ranging from 270 to 502 (average 351) µg/g, and garnet from 14 to 70 (average 34) µg/g. Contrasting geochemical systematics for the two localities suggest differences in evolution. At Victor, crystal chemistry, in particular Al₂O₃ in clinopyroxene expressed as jadeite (Jd) component, appears to control water uptake for eclogites and pyroxenites. Highest H₂O contents are recorded in the more pristine jadeite-rich high-Ca eclogites, possibly pointing to an H₂O-rich environment typical of subduction zones. The more metasomatized samples (low Jd, high MgO contents, and enrichment in incompatible elements) show lower water contents, despite evidence for interaction with a comparatively hydrous (&gt; 3 wt% H₂O) agent plausibly linked to ca. 1.15 Ga tectonism associated with the Midcontinent Rift. We attribute this to crystal-chemical modifications, particularly the reduced jadeite component in clinopyroxene, which diminishes its capacity to incorporate water. It is also possible that water activity was lowered if the metasomatic melt contained significant amounts of CO₂, as suggested by high Zr/Hf in the samples with the lowest H₂O content, resulting in a drying effect. In contrast, at Star, metasomatism appears to have overwhelmed the crystal-chemical effect of mantle metasomatism by means of high H₂O content in the metasomatic agent, as the high-Mg metasomatized samples show evidence for the greatest addition of water. It is noteworthy that in the Sask craton, where diamond formation has been linked to melt metasomatism and refertilization, the single diamond-bearing eclogite available for study has the lowest H₂O content among metasomatized eclogites. Although more data are needed, this may indicate that, if diamond formation was melt-mediated, it is more efficient at low H₂O activity that can ensue in the presence of CO₂.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 3","pages":"669 - 686"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profound pyroxenitic/megacrystic overprinting of the central Superior craton lithosphere recorded by sodic Cr-diopside xenocrysts from the Attawapiskat kimberlites, Ontario, Canada","authors":"Herman S. Grütter,&nbsp;Thomas Stachel,&nbsp;Chiranjeeb Sarkar,&nbsp;D. Graham Pearson","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00933-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00933-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diamonds mined from the Victor kimberlite (Ontario, Canada) grew at ~ 720 Ma in lherzolite-dominated substrates that themselves were generated ca. 400 My earlier by metasomatic overprinting of refractory harzburgites-dunites with proven Archean heritage. Since diamonds from Victor represent a restricted mantle sample (5.7 ± 0.2 GPa and 1129 ± 16 °C), we reanalyzed major- and trace-element compositions of 196 Cr-diopside xenocrysts from Victor to investigate the depth range, style and extent of ~ 1100 Ma-old overprinting in the lithospheric section. Our approach uses down-the-geotherm projection and visualization of geochemical variability. We find that a Si-Al-Ca-Na enriched andesitic to dacitic metasomatic agent, likely derived from eclogite, interacted with previously depleted high Cr/Al harzburgites-dunites, driving their bulk compositions towards lherzolites and pyroxenites. Our data provides support for (i) substantive preservation of (garnet-absent) refractory Cr-spinel harzburgites-dunites at T &lt; 740 °C, (ii) profound overprinting of peridotitic substrates, thereby establishing a refertilized garnet ± spinel lherzolite ± pyroxenite assemblage over the lithospheric section from 600 to 1240 °C, (iii) relicts of partially overprinted refractory mantle at T ~ 1010 °C and T 1100–1150 °C, the latter coincident with lherzolite-hosted diamond mineralization, (iv) a discrete carbonatitic geochemical signal uniquely associated with diamond mineralization that resides, in part, in garnet wehrlite with refractory heritage, and (v) maximum metasomatic agent:substrate ratios over the 1000–1200 °C interval, producing high Na-Al, low-Cr clinopyroxene-garnet megacrysts. We infer that + 10 mm high-Cr clinopyroxene-ilmenite megacryst assemblages result from lower metasomatic agent:substrate ratios in the interval 860–1000 °C.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 3","pages":"521 - 540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamorphic manganese mineralisation bound to the metacarbonate lenses at the Smolník - Malá Hekerová deposit in the Spišsko-gemerské Rudohorie Mts., Western Carpathians (Slovakia)","authors":"Pavol Myšľan,&nbsp;Martin Števko,&nbsp;Jiří Sejkora,&nbsp;Peter Ružička,&nbsp;Tomáš Mikuš","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00922-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00922-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metamorphic manganese mineralisation recently studied at the Smolník - Malá Hekerová deposit is situated within the Early Paleozoic metamorphic volcano-sedimentary sequences of the Bystrý potok Formation (Gelnica Group, Gemericum), Spišsko-gemerské rudohorie Mountains, Slovakia. The manganese mineralisation is associated with metacarbonate bodies, within which Mn-rich calcite, spessartine, titanite, stilpnomelane, fluorapatite and pyrite have been identified. Stilpnomelane is enriched in Mn (up to 2.32 <i>apfu</i>) and Mg (up to 1.68 <i>apfu</i>), while being depleted in Ca, K, Ba and Na. It is considered a retrograde phase formed by the partial dissolution of spessartine. The carbonate-silicate bodies hosting the manganese mineralisation consist of rhodochrosite, kutnohorite, calcite, rhodonite group minerals, spessartine, tephroite, pyrosmalite-(Mn), magnetite, pyrophanite, clino-suenoite, clino-ferro-suenoite, actinolite, clinochlore, chamosite, caryopilite, greenalite, quartz, alabandite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, galena, sphalerite and chalcopyrite. This manganese assemblage is the result of multistage metamorphism during the Variscan and Alpine tectono-metamorphic evolution, which led to distinct mineral associations influenced by the release or incorporation of Fe-rich fluids, silicate alterations and recrystallisation. The multi-stage development is most evident in spessartine crystals, which exhibit chemically strongly distinguishable zones. The presence of significantly Fe-rich tephroite (with up to 31 mol% fayalite), pyrosmalite-(Mn) (with up to 2.39 <i>apfu</i> Fe), magnetite, pyrophanite, rhodochrosite and quartz inclusions in spessartine preserves the primary chemical composition of the later developing manganese ore. This suggests it formed concurrently with nearby magnetite lenses, as observed in the other Western Carpathian occurrences. Post-Variscan hydrothermal activity led to a greater accumulation of sulfides at the studied occurrence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 2","pages":"243 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00710-025-00922-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memorial to Professor Peter H. Nixon (1935–2025)","authors":"D. Graham Pearson","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00923-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00923-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 3","pages":"299 - 303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: The Sequoia kimberlite complex, central Slave Craton – A new superdeep diamond location","authors":"Luísa D. V. Carvalho,&nbsp;Buddy Doyle,&nbsp;Thomas Stachel,&nbsp;Richard Stern,&nbsp;Matthew Steele-MacInnis,&nbsp;Fabrizio Nestola,&nbsp;D. Graham Pearson","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00928-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00928-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 3","pages":"411 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering garnet compositional trends and deformation from a structural-chemical perspective","authors":"Song Gao,&nbsp;Ben P. Harwood,&nbsp;Mallory N. G. Metcalf,&nbsp;Bethany Y. Dean,&nbsp;Kerri M. Campbell,&nbsp;Sarah I. McFadden,&nbsp;Roberta L. Flemming","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00921-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00921-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chemical analysis of kimberlite indicator minerals (KIMs) is quite robust for diamond exploration, but recent advances in crystallographic techniques offer additional insights. This work explores the structural-chemical trends in a large suite of mantle and crustal garnets using micro X-ray diffraction (µXRD) and electron probe microanalysis. Pronounced trends in garnets from kimberlites and mantle xenoliths are primarily driven by Al³⁺ ↔ Cr³⁺ and Mg²⁺ ↔ Ca²⁺ substitutions. Peridotitic garnets display unit-cell parameter (<i>a</i>) as small as 11.494 Å because Mg and Al have the smallest radii among substituting cations. Diamond associated harzburgitic garnets (G10D) generally have larger unit cells than G10 garnets due to higher Cr content at higher pressures. The largest unit cells among peridotitic garnets are for rare high-Ca, high-Cr wehrlitic green garnets. Unit-cell parameter alone cannot uniquely differentiate between mantle-derived garnets due to co-occurring substitutions. Broadly, a threshold of 11.780 ± 0.005 Å is determined to separate high-Ca, grossular-rich and other calcic garnets from peridotitic pyrope garnets (&lt; 11.780 Å). Ti-rich garnets from mantle and crustal sources have noticeably larger unit cells compared to peridotitic and eclogitic garnets due to the large ionic radii of Ti and Fe. This study also highlights significant variations of strain-related mosaicity in garnet among coarse and sheared peridotites, associated with mineral chemistry, pressure, and mantle metasomatism. We conclude that µXRD is an effective tool for quantifying garnet deformation and it can potentially serve as a complementary tool to identify relevant garnet populations, and to flag these for subsequent chemical analyses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 3","pages":"559 - 581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxy-thermobarometry of grospydite and high-Ca eclogite xenoliths from Zagadochnaya kimberlite pipe (Yakutia, Siberian craton)","authors":"Giulia Marras,&nbsp;Denis Mikhailenko,&nbsp;Catherine A. McCammon,&nbsp;Alla Logvinova,&nbsp;Darko Hanžel,&nbsp;Luigi Dallai,&nbsp;Vincenzo Stagno","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00910-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00910-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Grospydites are a rare variety of eclogites composed of <i>gros</i>sular–<i>py</i>roxene – <i>di</i>sthene (kyanite) occurring only in a few kimberlite pipes worldwide. The pressures, temperatures and redox conditions of formation for grospydites have been poorly investigated, even though such parameters are needed to better understand their origin and the scarcity of elemental carbon (graphite/diamond), a common feature of these rocks. In this study, we determined the chemical composition and Fe³⁺/∑Fe of coexisting garnet and clinopyroxene from nine C-free kyanite-bearing eclogite xenoliths from Zagadochnaya pipe (Yakutia). Five samples show garnet with Ca# &gt;45 mol% [Ca<i>#</i> = Ca/(Ca + Mg + Fe + Mn)] and are classified as grospydites, while the remaining samples are high-Ca eclogites with Ca# of 23–38 mol%. Fe³⁺/ΣFe of garnet ranges between 0.03 and 0.09 (± 0.02), overlapping with values measured for eclogitic garnets equilibrated at mantle conditions. Fe³⁺/ΣFe in clinopyroxene spans from 0.21 to 0.46 (± 0.03), slightly higher than values measured in eclogites from other localities worldwide. The calculated equilibration pressures (3.7–6.7 GPa for grospydites and 4.3–5.6 GPa for high-Ca eclogites) and temperatures (920–1220 °C for grospydites and 1010–1060 °C for high-Ca eclogites) result in <i>f</i>o₂ values ranging from − 2.0 to − 0.2 log units for grospydites and − 1.9 to −1.7 for high-Ca eclogites relative to the fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer. The δ¹⁸O values measured in two garnet-clinopyroxene pairs confirm that samples equilibrated at mantle conditions. Our study extends the knowledge of grospydites in terms of Fe^3+/ΣFe and P-T-<i>f</i>o₂ within the global eclogite database. Despite the finding that equilibration P-T-<i>f</i>o₂ values are compatible with the stability of graphite/diamond, the lack of elemental C in the investigated samples can be explained as either (1) these rocks formed from a slab that lost C during subduction, or (2) these rocks underwent metasomatism with C-poor fluids/melts or (3) a carbon-free layer was sampled by the ascending kimberlitic melts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 3","pages":"649 - 667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00710-025-00910-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zircon chemistry of the late cretaceous-eocene granites from Tengchong block: insights into the genesis of host magmas","authors":"Zhuanrong Sun,&nbsp;Guochen Dong,&nbsp;Jianheng Guo,&nbsp;Zhongbao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00920-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00920-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Tengchong Block is notable for its diverse granitic intrusions and associated tin deposits. This study investigates the chemical compositions of zircons from the Late Cretaceous Guyong pluton and Eocene Lailishan pluton in the Tengchong Block to elucidate magmatic processes and sources, and their implications for tin mineralization. The zircons are characterized by long-prismatic shapes and oscillatory zoning, relatively high Hf concentrations (&gt; 5000 ppm) and Th/U ratios ranging from 0.20 to 1.97, and low Eu/Eu* [= Eu_N/(Sm_N×Gd_N)^0.5; where the subscript N denotes chondrite-normalised mass fractions] ratios of 0.02–0.40. Both the Guyong and Lailishan granites underwent significant differentiation, as evidenced by variations in zircon chemistry with increasing Hf concentrations. The wide range of Ti-in-zircon temperatures (870–650 ℃), along with decreasing Ti contents and Th/U ratios, suggests progressive cooling and fractional crystallization from the point of zircon saturation to the final solidification of the magma. The declining Dy/Yb ratios point to the fractionation of hornblende or titanite, while the reduction in Eu/Eu* ratios implies plagioclase fractionation. The relatively high U/Yb ratios (0.23–6.40) confirm a crustal magma source for these granites. Additionally, the pronounced negative Eu anomaly and the varying Ce/Ce* [= Ce_N/(La_N×Pr_N)^0.5] ratios of 6–400 without a clear correlation with ΔFMQ [fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer] indicate that high magmatic differentiation, rather than a reducing environment, may have been the primary factor influencing in tin mineralization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 2","pages":"231 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potassium micas: a new treatment of literature data","authors":"Milan Rieder","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00914-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00914-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present data set includes results of 1460 mica analyses, of which 1157 had passed crystal-chemical screening. Their composition was plotted in a projection pyramid alongside with eight potassium mica end-members. The biotite and zinnwaldite faces of the pyramid, together with the basal projection (from the muscovite vertex), are most informative, not only to illustrate main composition trends, but also to appreciate the distribution of dioctahedral + trioctahedral mica pairs. The two-mica subset (87 pairs, 61 of which passed crystal-chemical screening) might be promising for <i>T-p</i> applications. Physical properties are available for a limited number of micas: refractive indices <i>β</i>,<i> γ</i> (<i>N</i> = 620), mass density (<i>N</i> = 284), and unit-cell parameter <i>b</i> (<i>N</i> = 176). Corresponding regression equations were fitted as functions of orthogonal coordinates in the basal projection and offer estimates of what researchers may expect for a given mica composition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 2","pages":"223 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professor Stephen H. Richardson: a geochemist for the ages","authors":"Steven B. Shirey","doi":"10.1007/s00710-025-00929-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00710-025-00929-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18547,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"119 3","pages":"295 - 298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}