Microvascular research最新文献

{"title":"Involvement of NEK2 and NEK9 in LPS - induced endothelial barrier dysfunction","authors":"Nektarios Barabutis,&nbsp;Mohammad S. Akhter","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Endothelial hyperpermeability is the hallmark of severe lung injury, including acute respiratory distress syndrome<span>. Despite the fact that Never In Mitosis A (NIMA)-related kinase 2 (NEK2) and NEK9 mediate fundamental cellular processes, our knowledge on their role in barrier function is limited. Herein we show that NEK2 and NEK9 inhibition suppresses LPS-induced paracellular hyperpermeability and </span></span>myosin light chain 2<span> activation in endothelial cells. Moreover, the expression levels of both kinases were elevated in inflamed mouse lungs. Based on those findings, we raise the possibility that NEK2 and NEK9 may serve as novel therapeutic targets in lung inflammatory disease.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139094218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of the trans-cortical vessel was associated with bone loss, another underlying mechanism of osteoporosis","authors":"Chun-Lin Xiao ,&nbsp;Lu-Lin Liu ,&nbsp;Wen Tang ,&nbsp;Wu-Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Long-Yan Wu ,&nbsp;Kai Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale</h3><p>Numerous studies have established a robust association between bone morrow microvascular diseases<span> and osteoporosis. This study sought to investigate the relationship between alterations in trans-cortical vessel (TCVs) and the onset of osteoporosis in various mouse models.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Aged mice, ovariectomized mice, and db/db mice, were utilized as osteoporosis models. TCVs in the tibia were detected using tissue clearing and light sheet </span>fluorescence microscopy imaging. Femurs bone mass were analyzed using micro-CT scanning. Correlations between the number of TCVs and bone mass were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All osteoporosis mouse models showed a significant reduction in the number of TCVs compared to the control group. Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between the number of TCVs and bone mass. TCVs were also expressed high levels of CD31 and EMCN proteins as type H vessels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study underscores a consistent correlation between the number of TCVs and bone mass. Moreover, TCVs may serve as a potential biomarker for bone mass evaluation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138743487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the f-cell ratio using plasma dilution and albumin mass kinetics","authors":"Robert G. Hahn","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The f-cell ratio of 0.91 is a conversion factor between the hematocrit measured in peripheral blood and the hematocrit obtained by separate measurements of the red blood cell mass and plasma volume. The physiological background of the f-cell ratio is unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>Data were retrieved from 155 intravenous infusion experiments where 15–25 mL/kg of </span>crystalloid<span> fluid diluted the blood hemoglobin<span> and plasma albumin concentrations. The </span></span></span>hemodilution was converted to plasma dilution using the peripheral hematocrit, and the volume of distribution of exogenous albumin was calculated in 41 volunteers who received 20 % or 5 % albumin by intravenous infusion. Finally, the kinetics of plasma albumin was studied during 98 infusion experiments with 20 % albumin.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Plasma dilution based on hemoglobin and albumin showed a median difference of −0.001 and a mean difference of 0.000 (<em>N</em><span> = 2184), which demonstrates that these biomarkers indicate the same expandable vascular space. In contrast, exogenous albumin occupied a volume that was 10 % larger than the plasma volume indicated by the anthropometric equations of Nadler et al. and Retzlaff et al. The kinetic analysis identified a secondary compartment that was 450 mL in size and rapidly exchanged albumin with the circulating plasma.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results suggest that the f-cell ratio is due to rapid exchange of albumin between the plasma and a non-expandable compartment located outside the circulating blood (possibly the liver sinusoids). This means that the hematocrit measured in peripheral blood correctly represents the ratio between the red cell volume and the circulating plasma volume.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104649"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138743629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absolute retinal blood flow in healthy eyes and in eyes with retinal vein occlusion","authors":"Thibaud Mautuit ,&nbsp;Pierre Cunnac ,&nbsp;Frédéric Truffer ,&nbsp;André Anjos ,&nbsp;Rebecca Dufrane ,&nbsp;Gilbert Maître ,&nbsp;Martial Geiser ,&nbsp;Christophe Chiquet","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To measure non-invasively retinal venous blood flow<span> (RBF) in healthy subjects and patients with retinal venous occlusion (RVO).</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The prototype named AO-LDV (Adaptive Optics Laser Doppler Velocimeter), which combines a new absolute laser Doppler velocimeter with an adaptive optics fundus<span><span> camera (rtx1, Imagine Eyes®, Orsay, France), was studied for the measurement of absolute RBF as a function of retinal vessel diameters and simultaneous measurement of </span>red blood cell velocity. RBF was measured in healthy subjects (n = 15) and patients with retinal venous occlusion (RVO, n = 6). We also evaluated two softwares for the measurement of retinal vessel diameters: software 1 (automatic vessel detection, profile analysis) and software 2 (based on the use of deep neural networks for semantic segmentation of vessels, using a M2u-Net architecture).</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Software 2 provided a higher rate of automatic retinal vessel measurement (99.5 % of 12,320 AO images) than software 1 (64.9 %) and wider measurements (75.5 ± 15.7 μm vs 70.9 ± 19.8 μm, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). For healthy subjects (n = 15), all the retinal veins in one eye were measured to obtain the total RBF. In healthy subjects, the total RBF was 37.8 ± 6.8 μl/min. There was a significant linear correlation between retinal vessel diameter and maximal velocity (slope = 0.1016; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; <em>r</em>² = 0.8597) and a significant power curve correlation between retinal vessel diameter and blood flow (3.63 × 10⁻⁵ × D^2.54; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; <em>r</em>²<span><span> = 0.7287). No significant relationship was found between total RBF and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, heart rate, or hematocrit. For RVO patients (n = 6), a significant decrease in RBF was noted in occluded veins (3.51 ± 2.25 μl/min) compared with the </span>contralateral healthy eye (11.07 ± 4.53 μl/min). For occluded vessels, the slope between diameter and velocity was 0.0195 (</span><em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; <em>r</em>² = 0.6068) and the relation between diameter and flow was Q = 9.91 × 10⁻⁶ × D^2.41 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01; <em>r</em>² = 0.2526).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>This AO-LDV prototype offers new opportunity to study RBF in humans and to evaluate treatment in retinal </span>vein diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138743685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site-specific autonomic vasomotor responses and their interactions in rat gingiva","authors":"Yunosuke Okada ,&nbsp;Toshiya Sato ,&nbsp;Syed Taufiqul Islam ,&nbsp;Hanako Ohke ,&nbsp;Masato Saitoh ,&nbsp;Hisayoshi Ishii","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Blood flow in the gingiva<span><span>, comprising the interdental papilla<span> as well as attached and marginal gingiva, is important for maintaining of gingival function and is modulated by risk factors such as stress that may lead to periodontal disease<span>. Marked blood flow changes mediated by the autonomic (parasympathetic and sympathetic) nervous system may be essential for gingival hemodynamics<span>. However, differences in autonomic vasomotor responses and their functional significance in different parts of the gingiva are unclear. We examined the differences in autonomic vasomotor responses and their interactions in the gingiva of anesthetized rats. Parasympathetic </span></span></span></span>vasodilation<span><span> evoked by the trigeminal (lingual nerve)-mediated reflex elicited frequency-dependent blood flow increases in gingivae, with the increases being greatest in the interdental papilla. Parasympathetic blood flow increases were significantly reduced by intravenous administration of the atropine and </span>VIP antagonist<span>. The blood flow increase evoked by acetylcholine<span> administration was higher in the interdental papilla than in the attached gingiva, whereas that evoked by VIP agonist administration was greater in the attached gingiva than in the interdental papilla. Activation of the cervical sympathetic nerves decreased gingival blood flow and inhibited parasympathetically induced blood flow increases. Our results suggest that trigeminal-parasympathetic reflex vasodilation 1) is more involved in the regulation of blood flow in the interdental papilla than in the other parts of the gingiva, 2) is mediated by cholinergic (interdental papilla) and VIPergic systems (attached gingiva), and 3) is inhibited by excess sympathetic activity. These results suggest a role in the etiology of periodontal diseases during mental stress.</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138582146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia variables can be used to diagnose vascular dysfunction in hemorrhagic shock","authors":"Aleksey Dubensky,&nbsp;Ivan Ryzhkov,&nbsp;Zoya Tsokolaeva,&nbsp;Konstantin Lapin,&nbsp;Sergey Kalabushev,&nbsp;Lidia Varnakova,&nbsp;Vladimir Dolgikh","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>Laser doppler flowmetry (LDF) allows non-invasive assessment of microvascular functions. The combination of LDF with an occlusion functional test enables study of post-occlusive </span>reactive hyperemia<span> (PORH), providing additional information about vasomotor<span><span> function, capillary blood flow reserve, and the overall reactivity of the </span>microvascular system.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To identify early alterations of PORH variables in the skin of a rat in hemorrhagic shock (HS).</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p><span>Male Wistar rats (</span><em>n</em><span><span><span> = 14) weighing 400–450 g were anesthetized with a combination of tiletamine/zolazepam (20 mg/kg) and xylazine (5 mg/kg). The animals breathed on their own, and were placed on a heated platform in the </span>supine position. A PE-50 catheter was inserted into the </span>carotid artery<span> to measure the mean arterial pressure<span> (MAP). The optical probe of the Laser Doppler device was installed on the plantar surface of the hind limb of a rat; a pneumatic cuff was applied proximal to the same limb. The occlusion time was 3 min. The following physiological variables were measured at baseline and 30 min after blood loss: MAP, mmHg; mean cutaneous blood flow (M, PU); cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC = M/MAP); peak hyperemia (M</span></span></span>_max, PU) and maximum cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC_max) during PORH. In the HS group (<em>n</em> = 7), 30 % of the estimated blood volume was taken within 5 min. There was no blood loss in the group of sham-operated animals (Sham, n = 7). The results are presented as Me [25 %;75 %]. The U-Mann-Whitney criterion was used to evaluate intergroup differences. Differences were considered statistically significant at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The groups did not differ at baseline. Blood loss led to a significant decrease in MAP (43 [31;46] vs. 94 [84;104] mmHg), M (11.5 [16.9;7.8] vs 16.7 [20.2;13.9]) and M_max (18.1 [16.4;21.8] vs. 25.0 [23.0;26.2]) in the HS group compared to the Sham group, respectively. At the same time, both CVC (0.25 [0.23;0.30] vs. 0.16 [0.14;0.21]) and CVC_max<span><span> (0.55 [0.38;0.49] vs 0.24 [0.23; 0.29]) increased after blood loss in the HS group compared to the Sham group. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed metabolic </span>lactic acidosis in the HS group.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this rat model of HS, alterations in cutaneous blood flow are manifested by a decrease in perfusion (M) and the intensity of PORH (M_max) with a simultaneous increase in vascular conductance (CVC and CVC_max).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138581964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in renal microcirculation in patients with nephrotic and nephritic syndrome: The role of resistive index","authors":"Antonietta Gigante,&nbsp;Chiara Pellicano,&nbsp;Oriana De Marco,&nbsp;Eleonora Assanto,&nbsp;Georgia Sorato,&nbsp;Alberto Palladini,&nbsp;Edoardo Rosato,&nbsp;Silvia Lai,&nbsp;Maurizio Muscaritoli,&nbsp;Rosario Cianci","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Renal Resistive Index<span><span> (RRI) is an important and non-invasive parameter of renal damage and it is associated with abnormal microcirculation or to a parenchymal injury. The aim of our study was to compare the RRI in a cohort of patients with </span>renal diseases<span> categorized in three groups: nephrotic syndrome<span> (NS), acute nephritic syndrome<span> (ANS) and patients with urinary abnormalities (UA).</span></span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Four hundred eighty-two patients with median age of 48 years (IQR 34–62) with indications for kidney disease were included in the study. Biochemical analyses, clinical assessment with detection of NS, ANS and UA and comorbidities were reported. Renal Doppler ultrasound with RRI was evaluated in all patients at the time of enrolment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>NS was present in 81 (16.8 %) patients while ANS in 81 (16.8 %) and UA in 228 (47.3 %) patients. Patients with ANS showed significant higher RRI compared to both patients with NS [0.71 (IQR 0.67–0.78) vs 0.68 (0.63–0.73), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001] and UA [0.71 (0.67–0.78) vs 0.65 (0.61–0.71), <em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.001]; RRI was higher in NS patients than in patients with UA [0.68 (0.63–0.73) vs 0.65 (0.61–0.71), </span><em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.001]. Patients with ANS had significantly lower median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) compared respectively to NS and UA patients [19.7 ml/min vs 54.8 ml/min and vs 72.3 ml/min, </span><em>p</em> &lt; 0.001], while renal length was significantly higher in patients with NS compared to both patients with ANS and UA [111.88 mm vs 101.98 mm and vs 106.15, <em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.001]. Patients with ANS had more frequently hematuria and RRI ≥ 0.70 (</span><em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to both patients with NS and patients with UA. The multiple regression analysis, weighted for age, showed that RRI inversely correlates with eGFR (β coefficient = −0.430, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Higher and pathological RRI were found in ANS than NS and UA. Renal resistive index in ANS reflects changes in intrarenal perfusion and microvascular dysfunction related to disease characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104641"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The SNHG12/microRNA-15b-5p/MYLK axis regulates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype to affect intracranial aneurysm formation","authors":"Wenxian Feng ,&nbsp;Hao Liang ,&nbsp;Dan Liu ,&nbsp;Shiwang Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This research was dedicated to investigating the impact of the SNHG12/microRNA (miR)-15b-5p/MYLK axis on the modulation of vascular smooth muscle cell<span> (VSMC) phenotype and the formation of intracranial aneurysm (IA).</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>SNHG12, miR-15b-5p and </span>MYLK<span> expression in IA tissue samples from IA patients were tested by RT-qPCR and western blot. Human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were cultivated with H</span></span>₂O₂<span><span><span> to mimic IA-like conditions in vitro, and the cell proliferation and </span>apoptosis<span><span> were measured by MTT assay and Annexin V/PI staining. IA mouse models were established by induction with systemic hypertension combined with </span>elastase injection. The blood pressure in the </span></span>tail artery<span> of mice in each group was assessed and the pathological changes in arterial tissues<span><span> were observed by HE<span><span> staining and TUNEL staining<span>. The expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, MCP-1, iNOS, caspase-3, and caspase-9 in the arterial tissues were tested by RT-qPCR and ELISA. The relationship among SNHG12, miR-15b-5p and MYLK was verified by bioinformatics, RIP, </span></span>RNA pull-down, and </span></span>luciferase reporter assays.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The expression levels of MYLK and SNHG12 were down-regulated and that of miR-15b-5p was up-regulated in IA tissues and H₂O₂-treated human aortic VSMCs. Overexpressed MYLK or SNHG12 mitigated the decrease in proliferation and increase in apoptosis of VSMCs caused by H₂O₂ induction, and overexpression of miR-15b-5p exacerbated the decrease in proliferation and increase in apoptosis of VSMCs caused by H₂O₂ induction. Overexpression of miR-15b-5p reversed the H₂O₂-treated VSMC phenotypic changes caused by SNHG12 up-regulation, and overexpression of MYLK reversed the H₂O₂-treated VSMC phenotypic changes caused by up-regulation of miR-15b-5p. Overexpression of SNHG12 reduced blood pressure and ameliorated arterial histopathological damage and VSMC apoptosis in IA mice. The mechanical analysis uncovered that SNHG12 acted as an endogenous RNA that competed with miR-15b-5p, thus modulating the suppression of its endogenous target, MYLK.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Decreased expression of SNHG12 in IA may contribute to the increasing VSMC apoptosis via increasing miR-15b-5p expression and subsequently decreasing MYLK expression. These findings provide potential new strategies for the clinical treatment of IA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138580556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet functions in lymphatic filariasis patients","authors":"Sushil Surtani ,&nbsp;Jyotsna Kailashiya ,&nbsp;Mumtaz Ahmad Ansari ,&nbsp;Debabrata Dash ,&nbsp;Awadesh Kumar Yadav ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Filariasis<span> is a chronic disease where parasitic worms<span><span> survive in human hosts even for decades and lead to complications like lymphedema<span> and elephantiasis<span>. Despite the persistent existence of filarial parasites<span> in human hosts, fatal and thrombotic complications are not known, unlike other parasitic diseases like malaria. This suggests that filarial parasites might be affecting the host's platelet functions. This study was conducted to examine platelet functions in confirmed filariasis patients and healthy controls. Results showed that filariasis patients had larger platelets, inhibited aggregation, and slower speed of aggregation, compared to controls. However, in vivo markers of </span></span></span></span>platelet activation<span> and degranulation<span> (beta thromboglobulin and soluble P-selectin) were not affected. Observations suggested that there is increased platelet turnover, cellular apoptosis and inhibited platelet functions in filariasis patients compared to controls. Platelet function inhibition was not associated with the duration of disease, lymphedema-affected organs, or gender of patients. This study confirms that filarial parasites modulate platelet functions in human hosts.</span></span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138582176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting hemodynamics and blood oxygenation in a microfluidic microvasculature replica","authors":"Rui Dong ,&nbsp;Sijia Liu ,&nbsp;Yuewu Li ,&nbsp;Fan Gao ,&nbsp;Keqiang Gao ,&nbsp;Chunxiao Chen ,&nbsp;Zhiyu Qian ,&nbsp;Weitao Li ,&nbsp;Yamin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The complexity of microvascular circulation has led to the development of advanced imaging techniques and </span>biomimetic models. This study developed a multifaceted microfluidic-based microdevice as an </span><em>in vitro</em><span> model of microvasculature to replicate important geometric and functional features of </span><em>in vivo</em><span> perfusion in mice. The microfluidic device consisted of a microchannel for blood perfusion, mirroring the natural hierarchical branching vascular structures found in mice. Additionally, the device incorporated a steady gradient of oxygen (O</span>₂<span><span><span>) which diffused through the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer, allowing for dynamic </span>blood oxygenation. The assembled multi-layered microdevice was accompanied by a dual-modal imaging system that combined laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) and intrinsic signal </span>optical imaging (ISOI) to visualize full-field blood flow distributions and blood O</span>₂ profiles. By closely reproducing <em>in vivo</em><span> blood perfusion and oxygenation<span> conditions, this microvasculature model, in conjunction with numerical simulation results, can provide quantitative information on physiologically relevant hemodynamics and key O</span></span>₂ transport parameters that are not directly measurable in traditional animal studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18534,"journal":{"name":"Microvascular research","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 104640"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138550047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}