Medicine and science in sports最新文献_第4页

Alterations in pulmonary function consequent to competitive marathon running. 竞技马拉松后肺功能的改变。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/00005768-197901130-00004

M. B. Maron, L. Hamilton, M. Maksud

{"title":"Alterations in pulmonary function consequent to competitive marathon running.","authors":"M. B. Maron, L. Hamilton, M. Maksud","doi":"10.1249/00005768-197901130-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-197901130-00004","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the significant reductions in vital capacity after marathon racing originally reported over 50 years ago. Spirometric, maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV), DLCO and residual volume (RV) measurements were made on 13 runners (11 males and 2 females) 1--2 weeks prior to the marathon, immediately after finishing the race, and again the next day. An average 0.48 L (8.6%) reduction in post-race forced vital capacity (FVC) was accompanied by an equivalent increase in RV. Thus, total lung capacity did not change, and the reduction in FVC was a result of an expiratory rather than an inspiratory limitation. Post-race FEV1 and FEF200-1200 remained unchanged while FEV1-2, FEF1 and FEF2 were reduced 19.7, 26.7 and 23.3%, respectively. Mean DLCO was unchanged. Pulmonary function on the following day was similar to that observed on the control day. These data indicated that after the race, expiratory flow was unaffected at high lung volumes, but was decreased at low lung volumes (within the effort-independent portion of the MEFV curve). The results are compatible with small airway closure occurring at an increased lung volume, which would result in a decreased FVC and an increased RV.","PeriodicalId":18528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and science in sports","volume":"135 1","pages":"244-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80040332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57

The effect of retabolil and training on activity of RNA polymerase in skeletal muscles. 代谢和训练对骨骼肌RNA聚合酶活性的影响。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/00005768-197901140-00006

V. Rogozkin, B. Feldkoren

{"title":"The effect of retabolil and training on activity of RNA polymerase in skeletal muscles.","authors":"V. Rogozkin, B. Feldkoren","doi":"10.1249/00005768-197901140-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-197901140-00006","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred and twenty male albino rats weighing 180--200 g were used to determine the effect of anabolic steroid hormones on adaptive changes in the synthesis of ribosomal RNA both in sedentary animals and in animals involved in a training program. One injection of Retabolil (0.1 mg/100 g body weight) increased the alpha-amanitin insensitive RNA polymerase activity of nuclei from skeletal muscles. Fourteen h after this hormone injection the enzyme activity was 45% higher than in control animals and it remained at this level for 4 days. Under these conditions a selective binding of 19-nortestosterone with cytoplasmic proteins of skeletal muscle was found. Physical training increased the RNA polymerase activity by 50% (P less than 0.05). It was found that the testosterone binding capacity of a cytoplasmic extract from trained animals was 70% greater than that of the control animals (P less than 0.05). Four injections of Retabolil during training resulted in an additional increase of RNA polymerase activity of 40% (P less than 0.05) but reduced the testosterone binding capacity of the cytoplasmic proteins that occurred with training by 21%. The findings demonstrate the effect of anabolic hormones in the regulation of RNA synthesis in skeletal muscle nuclei in the process of their adaptation to systematic physical training.","PeriodicalId":18528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and science in sports","volume":"18 1","pages":"345-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72859386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

The synchronization of muscle activity and body segment movements during a running cycle. 在一个跑步周期中肌肉活动和身体部分运动的同步。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/00005768-197901140-00002

Elliott Bc, Blanksby Ba

{"title":"The synchronization of muscle activity and body segment movements during a running cycle.","authors":"Elliott Bc, Blanksby Ba","doi":"10.1249/00005768-197901140-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-197901140-00002","url":null,"abstract":": Locomotor patterns of running were studied using computerization to synchronize electromyography (EMG) and cinematography (CMG). Surface electrodes monitored the muscle action potentials from rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, triceps surae and tibialis anterior muscles as 10 female subjects ran on a treadmill at speeds of 2.5 m/s and 3.5 m/s. Averaged integrated electromyograms were formulated to represent action potential levels for various sub-sections of the running cycle. Beginning at foot contact, the running cycle was dominated initially by muscle activity concerned with stabilization. The co-contraction of vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, semimembranosus, tibialis anterior, biceps femoris and triceps surae were associated with clockwise rotation (running from left to right) of the thigh, leg and foot in providing a stable base during the early support phase. Lower limb stabilization then gave way to the powerful driving thrust of the mid and late support phases. This period was characterized by increases in the activity levels from triceps surae and biceps femoris. The co-ordination of inertial effects and secondary muscular activity was associated with leg flexion as the thigh changed direction and with leg extension during the swing phase of running. This conclusion was supported by both EMG and resultant muscle moment of force date. Increased activity from semimembranosus and semitendinosus occurred with cessation of thigh flexion and leg extension prior to the subsequent heel strike. Tibialis anterior also eccentrically contracted to place the foot on the treadmill under control. The increase in the running speed was related to an increase in muscle action potential (in parts of the cycle) where the particular muscle was functional. This increase was paralleled kinetically by an increase in the resultant muscle moment of force level.","PeriodicalId":18528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and science in sports","volume":"4 1","pages":"322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88249586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Policy statement regarding the use of human subjects and informed consent. 关于使用人类受试者和知情同意的政策声明。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/00005768-197901130-00017

Sung Gyoo Park

引用次数: 25

Cardio-respiratory and perceptual recovery from a marathon run. 马拉松后的心肺和知觉恢复。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.1249/00005768-197901130-00003

B. Noble, C. Maresh, T. Allison, A. Drash

{"title":"Cardio-respiratory and perceptual recovery from a marathon run.","authors":"B. Noble, C. Maresh, T. Allison, A. Drash","doi":"10.1249/00005768-197901130-00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-197901130-00003","url":null,"abstract":"Seven male runners (21--42 years) were examined before and after the 1976 Boston Marathon to provide data concerning the cardio-respiratory and perceptual recovery from the performance. Treadmill runs, 30 min in duration, were administered 1 week prior to the marathon and 2--3, 6--7 and 13--15 days following. Treadmill speed was held constant and based on each runner's planned race pace. Maximal performance data were collected 1 week before and 2 weeks after the race. Data were analyzed using a 2-way ANOVA (4 thirty min run data collection periods and 3 exercise time points--5, 15 and 30 min) and \"t\" tests. Treatment effects were not observed for either HR or VE, however, perceived exertion (RPE) was significantly elevated 2--3 and 6--7 days post-marathon and VO2 was significantly lower at 13--15 days. HR and RPE showed significant time effects indicating a non-steady state response. None of the maximal test variables were significantly displaced. All variables were returned to pre-marathon levels by 13--15 days except VO2 which was lower. Aerobic capacity was not a limiting factor in the recovery from a marathon run. Muscle soreness and stiffness seem to be related to the increased perceptual ratings following a marathon run.","PeriodicalId":18528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and science in sports","volume":"98 1","pages":"239-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80749153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Physiological characteristics of trained Australian paraplegic and tetraplegic subjects. 受过训练的澳大利亚截瘫和四肢瘫痪受试者的生理特征。