Medicine and science in sports最新文献_第10页

Leg extension power and muscle fiber composition. 腿部伸展力与肌纤维组成。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

E F Coyle, D L Costill, G R Lesmes

引用次数: 0

Performance evaluation of Olympic weightlifters. 奥运会举重运动员的成绩评价。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

J Garhammer

引用次数: 0

Exercise in the post coronary patient: unanswered questions. 冠心病患者术后运动:未解之谜。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

J R Sutton

引用次数: 0

Changes in bone mineral content following ligamentous knee injuries. 膝关节韧带损伤后骨矿物质含量的变化。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

S M Andersson, B E Nilsson

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial volume density in human skeletal muscle following heavy resistance training. 高强度阻力训练后人类骨骼肌线粒体体积密度的变化。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

J D MacDougall, D G Sale, J R Moroz, G C Elder, J R Sutton, H Howald

引用次数: 0

Influence of caffeine and carbohydrate feedings on endurance performance. 咖啡因和碳水化合物饲喂对耐力表现的影响。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

J L Ivy, D L Costill, W J Fink, R W Lower

{"title":"Influence of caffeine and carbohydrate feedings on endurance performance.","authors":"J L Ivy, D L Costill, W J Fink, R W Lower","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Nine trained cyclists were studied to determine the effects of caffeine (CAF), and glucose polymer (GP) feedings on work production (kpm) during two hr of isokinetic cycling exercise (80 rpm). Ingestion of 250 mg of CAF 60 min prior to the ride was followed by ingestion of an additional 250 mg fed at 15 min intervals over the first 90 min of the exercise. This treatment significantly increased work production by 7.4% and Vo2 by 7.3% as compared to control (C) while the subjects' perception of exertion remained unchanged. Ingestion of approximately 90 g of GP during the first 90 min (12.8 g/15 min) of the exercise had no effect on total work production or Vo2. It was, however, effective in reducing the rate of fatigue over the last 30 min of cycling. Although GP maintained blood glucose and insulin levels (P less than or equal to 0.05) above those of the C and CAF trials, total CHO utilization did not differ between treatments. During the last 70 min of the CAF trial, however, fat oxidation was elevated 31% and appeared to provide the substrate needed for the increased work production during this period of exercise. These data, therefore, demonstrate an enhanced rate of lipid catabolism and work production following the ingestion of caffeine.","PeriodicalId":18528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and science in sports","volume":"11 1","pages":"6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11686975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Basketball: the mechanics of hanging in the air. 篮球:悬挂在空中的力学。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

R D Bishop, J G Hay

{"title":"Basketball: the mechanics of hanging in the air.","authors":"R D Bishop, J G Hay","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical technique to permit basketball players to \"hang in the air\" prior to the release of a shot is presented. The purposes of this study were (a) to determine whether skilled players used such a technique when delaying the release of their shot and (b) to determine whether such players could be readily taught to \"hang in the air\" using this technique. Six current members of the Iowa basketball team were filmed, executing jump-shots. During each trial the players \"faked\" or \"pumped\" to delay the release of the shot. Qualitative analysis of the film revealed that none of the players demonstrated the coordinated limb movement involved in the theoretical technique. Prior to a second filming session, two former Iowa varsity players practiced a predetermined sequence of body movements. Each player performed eight trials and the results were analyzed quantitatively. The vertical displacements and the vertical velocities of the center of gravity, vertex of the head and mid-point of the hips were plotted against time. Results clearly indicated that the players were able to maintain the same vertical position of the head and hips (and thus, the trunk) for about 0.2 sec at or near the peak of the jump. It was concluded that a skilled player could be taught, in a relatively short period of time, to \"hang in the air\" using the techniques presented.","PeriodicalId":18528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and science in sports","volume":"11 3","pages":"274-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11726313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intrinsic motivation in a competitive setting. 竞争环境中的内在动机。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

R S Weinberg

引用次数: 0

Heat tolerance and aging. 耐热、耐老化。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

B L Drinkwater, S M Horvath

{"title":"Heat tolerance and aging.","authors":"B L Drinkwater, S M Horvath","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Although children and older adults appear more susceptible to heat stress, the mechanisms responsible for their lower tolerance are not fully understood. Many studies dealing with the effect of age on temperature regulation have concluded that an inadequate sweating response is primarily responsible for the low tolerance of children and the elderly to exercise in the heat. However, the dependence of core temperature on relative exercise intensity and sweat rate on absolute exercise intensity makes it difficult to avoid the confounding effects of exercise on thermoregulation when aerobic power (Vo2max) varies across age groups. When 38 non-acclimatized females, ages 12 to 68 years, exercised at 30-35% Vo2max in the heat, the degree of cardiovascular stability was the primary predictor of tolerance time. Age was not a significant predictor. However, it was evident that individuals at either end of the age continuum were more likely to be at risk. For children this risk was associated with the instability of an immature cardiovascular system; for older women, a marked decrement in aerobic power. Sweat rate added significantly to the prediction of tolerance time for all subjects regardless of age. Whether the decrease in responsiveness of sweating noted for some older individuals is an age related change or a reflection of their lower fitness levels is not known.","PeriodicalId":18528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and science in sports","volume":"11 1","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11684640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of preexercise feedings on endurance performance. 运动前饲喂对耐力表现的影响。

Medicine and science in sports Pub Date : 1979-01-01

C Foster, D L Costill, W J Fink

{"title":"Effects of preexercise feedings on endurance performance.","authors":"C Foster, D L Costill, W J Fink","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Eight male and female students were studied during exercise to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer at 80 and 100% of Vo2max following the ingestion of water (W), 75 g of glucose (G) or a liquid meal (M) (10 g protein, 12.5 g fat, 15 g CHO). When compared to the endurance ride (80% Vo2max) in the W treatment, endurance performance time was reduced by 19%, (p less than .05) (53.2 to 43.2 min) as a result of the preexercise glucose feeding (Trial G). No difference in performance at 80% Vo2max was found between the W and M trials. The preexercise feedings had no effect on exercise time to exhaustion at 100% Vo2max. During the G and M trials at 80% Vo2max, most of the subjects demonstrated a transient decline in serum glucose (less than 3.5 mM). After 30-40 min. of exercise, however, serum glucose returned to normal and was seldom low at the time of exhaustion. Serum free fatty acids (FFA) were depressed throughout the G trial. The results of these experiments indicate impaired lipid mobilization following CHO ingestion. The present data support our earlier findings (11) which demonstrate that glucose feedings 30-45 minutes before endurance exercise increase the rate of CHO oxidation and impede the mobilization of FFA, thereby reducing exercise time to exhaustion.","PeriodicalId":18528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and science in sports","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11786101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0