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A Four Telescope Wide Field of View Phased Array 四望远镜宽视场相控阵
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1988.wb11
C. R. De Hainaut, K. Hentz, L. D. Weaver, J. Gonglewski
{"title":"A Four Telescope Wide Field of View Phased Array","authors":"C. R. De Hainaut, K. Hentz, L. D. Weaver, J. Gonglewski","doi":"10.1364/soa.1988.wb11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1988.wb11","url":null,"abstract":"A phased array telescope is an array of optical telescopes whose images are coherently combined so as to achieve the resolution of a single but much larger telescope. Design of a wide field of view phased array imaging system is considerably more difficult than phased array beam transmission telescopes such as PHASAR,1 which has no field of view. In addition to maintaining optical phase to a fraction of a wavelength on the optic axis, an imaging telescope must accurately control phase and align the images from all telescopes to within a fraction of a resolution element over the whole field of view simultaneously. This requires lateral pupil geometry3 that is extremely close to the ideal.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128218759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Orbit Performance of the HST Optical Control System HST光学控制系统的轨道性能研究
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1991.ma3
R. Basedow, R. Crout, C. Ftaclas, A. Nonnenmacher
{"title":"On Orbit Performance of the HST Optical Control System","authors":"R. Basedow, R. Crout, C. Ftaclas, A. Nonnenmacher","doi":"10.1364/soa.1991.ma3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1991.ma3","url":null,"abstract":"The function of the Optical Control System (OCS) was to align the Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA) to achieve a λ/20 on-axis wavefront Its existence was dictated by the error budgets for aligning the Secondary Mirror (SM) to the Primary (PM) on the ground and for stability of the PM figure, and by the need to accomodate moisture desorption of the Metering Truss Assembly (MTA). The alignment system needed to accomodate the large OPD error which could, under worst case conditions, have been present immediately after launch, while also achieving measurement accuracies of λ/80 in the aligned state. This was to be accomplished by using a Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) for coarse alignment, and an interferometric Wavefront Sensor (WFS) for fine alignment, both working in conjunction with the Actuator Control System (ACS). Since the final OTA wavefront error requirement was with reference to a perfect surface, an absolute reference was needed on-orbit, or equivalently, the system had to be calibrated on the ground, and thereafter had to remain stable for the life of the mission. To the extent that can be determined from a variety of on-orbit measurements, the OCS hardware and software is capable of these exacting requirements. However, the OCS does not measure to the accuracy required, apparently because spherical aberration in the PM has rendered the coma component of the ground calibration invalid.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129242923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optics for Lyman, The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer 莱曼光学，远紫外光谱探测器
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1988.tuc3
W. Cash
{"title":"Optics for Lyman, The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer","authors":"W. Cash","doi":"10.1364/soa.1988.tuc3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1988.tuc3","url":null,"abstract":"Lyman, the Far Ultraviolet Explorer, is a space astrophysics mission designed to explore the spectra of celestial sources in the ultraviolet from 100 to 1250Å, the gap between the Hubble Space Telescope and the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility. Lyman was recently selected by NASA as one of four missions to enter Phase A studies with a goal of launch in the mid-1990’s. It is envisioned as a community observatory in the tradition of the International Ultraviolet Explorer.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130271894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scattering from Diffraction Gratings in the Extreme Ultraviolet 极紫外衍射光栅的散射
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1988.wb18
J. Edelstein
{"title":"Scattering from Diffraction Gratings in the Extreme Ultraviolet","authors":"J. Edelstein","doi":"10.1364/soa.1988.wb18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1988.wb18","url":null,"abstract":"Characterization of the scattering behavior of diffraction gratings is critical for the design of spectrometers with good background rejection. The ability to compare grating scatter performance is essential as new grating manufacturing techniques are developed. Historically, scattering from diffraction gratings has been described in a plethora of functional schemes. These schemes are typically specific to the particular instrument or mounting in use, and they may not be used for ready comparison among gratings made by different processes or for analyzing a given grating used in various mountings.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124522552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design of Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 for Hubble Space Telescope 哈勃太空望远镜大视场行星照相机2的设计
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1991.mc4
N. Page, J. Mcguire
{"title":"Design of Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 for Hubble Space Telescope","authors":"N. Page, J. Mcguire","doi":"10.1364/soa.1991.mc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1991.mc4","url":null,"abstract":"The design of the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 to correct the large spherical aberration error in the Hubble Space Telescope is discussed.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"51 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126358364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Least Squares Image Inversion Applied to WF/PC II 最小二乘图像反演在WF/ pcii中的应用
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1991.mb6
M. Shao
{"title":"Least Squares Image Inversion Applied to WF/PC II","authors":"M. Shao","doi":"10.1364/soa.1991.mb6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1991.mb6","url":null,"abstract":"Ours is one of several teams that independently worked on image inversion of HST wf/pc pictures to determine the spherical aberration error on the HST primary. The technique we chose to persue was based on a non-linear least squares solution for zeroike coefîcients of the aberrations of the optics. The code for modeling the optical system evolved from a relatively simple single Fourier tranform of the exit pupil to a complete multiplane diffraction propagation model with telescope jitter included.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123886656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cryogenic Optical Testing of a Fused Quartz Mirror 熔融石英反射镜的低温光学测试
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1991.tub2
R. Melugin, G. C. Augason, S. Howard, J. A. Young
{"title":"Cryogenic Optical Testing of a Fused Quartz Mirror","authors":"R. Melugin, G. C. Augason, S. Howard, J. A. Young","doi":"10.1364/soa.1991.tub2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1991.tub2","url":null,"abstract":"The Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) is an orbital, great observatory planned by NASA to enable diffraction-limited astronomical studies in the infrared from 2 μm to 700 μm. The telescope must be cryogenically cooled by Superfluid Helium at 2.5 K to provide the extreme sensitivity required for natural-background-limited observations. Concern about the image quality of the telescope operating at the extremely low temperature led to a cryogenic optics technology program.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127799623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stellar Interferometry in Space - Science and Strategy 空间恒星干涉测量——科学与策略
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1988.tua1
A. Greenaway
{"title":"Stellar Interferometry in Space - Science and Strategy","authors":"A. Greenaway","doi":"10.1364/soa.1988.tua1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1988.tua1","url":null,"abstract":"Particularly for imaging applications, and to a lesser extent for astrometry, the design of a spacecraft interferometer has a direct influence on the range of scientific problems that the instrument may address.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"496 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116171222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
OSI: Orbiting Stellar Interferometer for Astrometry and Imaging 用于天体测量和成像的轨道恒星干涉仪
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1991.tuc3
M. Colavita, M. Shao, M. Rayman, K. Short
{"title":"OSI: Orbiting Stellar Interferometer for Astrometry and Imaging","authors":"M. Colavita, M. Shao, M. Rayman, K. Short","doi":"10.1364/soa.1991.tuc3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1991.tuc3","url":null,"abstract":"OSI, Orbiting Stellar Interferometer, is a concept for a space interferometer mission with both astrometric and imaging goals: 10 μarc sec astrometric accuracy for 16th mag objects in 100 sec of integration time and for 20th mag objects in 1 h, and 5 mas resolution aperture synthesis imaging. The instrument consists of 6 siderostats arranged as 3 co-linear interferometers on a single structure; two interferometers are used for attitude control, and the third for science observations. Delay lines are used for path- length equalization, allowing a large field of view. Available baselines range from 1 to 20 m, with ~50 cm clear apertures. High astrometric precision is obtained with a laser metrology system which monitors the instrument baselines, i.e., the siderostat positions, as well as the delay-line positions. Mission and flight system studies resulted in an implementation which would use an Atlas HAS for insertion into a 900 km sun- synchronous orbit. The total spacecraft mass was ~3600 kg (including contingencies), and the structure would fold in order to fit within a standard launch shroud. Some of the science possible with OSI includes the astrometric detection of planets and the high resolution imaging of Seyfert II narrow-line regions.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114564381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Evolution of the Wide Field/Planetary Camera for Hubble Space Telescope 哈勃太空望远镜宽视场/行星照相机的演变
Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1364/soa.1991.mc1
A. Vaughan
{"title":"Evolution of the Wide Field/Planetary Camera for Hubble Space Telescope","authors":"A. Vaughan","doi":"10.1364/soa.1991.mc1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/soa.1991.mc1","url":null,"abstract":"Early design considerations and other factors that led to the adopted optical configuration of the first generation Wide Field/Planetary Camera flown on the HST are reviewed in the context of requirements for a second generation instrument.","PeriodicalId":184695,"journal":{"name":"Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114926356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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